The Norman Conquest (84 page)

Maldon (Essex), battle of,
13
,
27
–
8

Malfosse,
189
,
377
,
379

Malmesbury (Wilts), abbey,
99

Le Mans (Sartre),
81
,
111
,
194
,
254
,
351
; bp of,
80
–
1
; viscount of,
304
,
326

Mantes (Yvelines),
327
–
8

Margaret, queen of Scotland (d. 1093), sister of Edgar Ætheling,
251
,
267
,
349

Marianus Scotus,
164

Marlborough (Wilts),
239

Marsh Gibbon (Bucks),
314
;
see
also
Æthelric

Matilda, dau. of Henry I (d. 1167), empress,
349
–
51

Matilda, queen of England (d. 1083), WTC’s wife: myth about her height,
67
,
365
; marriage to William,
91
–
2
,
254
; founds Holy Trinity, Caen,
112
,
149
–
50
; prepares WTC’s flagship,
170
; regent in Normandy (1066–7)
215
; coronation (1068),
197
–
8
,
216
,
319
; return to Normandy (1069),
224
; her children,
273
–
4
; support for Robert Curthose,
288
–
9
; death,
302
–
4

Mauger, abp of Rouen, WTC’s uncle,
86
,
90
,
92
–
3
,
239

Mauritius, abp of Rouen (1054–67),
93
,
368

Mayenne, castle,
111

Mærleswein, sheriff of Lincolnshire,
218
–
20
,
222
–
4
,
226
,
233
,
235
,
247
,
278

mercenaries,
32
,
39
,
75
–
6
,
104
,
151
,
212
,
222
,
235
,
241
,
288
,
293
,
305
–
6
,
312
,
316
,
321
,
325

Mercia,
12
,
29
–
31
,
101
,
104
,
107
,
122
–
3
,
128
–
30
,
205
,
218
,
230
,
233
,
247
; earl of,
see
Ælfgar; Eadwine; Leofwine

Michael Calaphates, Byzantine emperor (d. 1042),
156

Middlesex,
194

military obligation,
76
–
7
,
89
,
144
–
5
,
148
–
52
,
213
,
240
–
2
,
280
–
2
,
323
,
352

Monkwearmouth (Durham), abbey,
340

Monomachus, Byzantine emperor (d. 1055),
156

Montacute (Somerset),
227

Montgomery (Powys),
292

Montivilliers (Seine-Mar.), abbey,
87

Montreuil-sur-Mer (Pas-de-Calais), castle,
267

Mont St Michel (Manche),
21
,
114

The
Mora
, WTC’s flagship,
170

Morcar, earl of Northumbria: supports northern rebels, becomes earl of Northumbria,
128
–
30
,
136
,
210
; cedes north of earldom to Oswulf,
210
; attends dedication of Westminster Abbey (1065),
136
; allies with Harold,
139
; drives off Tostig (1066),
148
; defeated at Fulford,
162
,
192
; withdraws from London,
196
; submits to WTC (1067),
202
,
378
–
9
; hostage in Normandy,
203
,
217
,
253
; attends Matilda’s coronation (1068),
216
; lack of power after Conquest,
217
–
18
,
247
–
8
; rebels but quickly submits (1068),
218
–
19
; rebels again, goes to Ely (1071),
248
; imprisoned,
249
–
51
,
264
,
270
,
320
; released,
329
; re-incarcerated,
345

Mortain (Manche),
93
–
4
; count of,
93
–
4
;
see also
Robert

Mortemer (Seine-Mar.),
85
; battle of,
85
,
89
,
114

murdrum,
262
–
3
,
385

Mynydd Cam, battle of,
293
–
4

Napoleon Bonaparte (d. 1821),
3

The Naze (Essex),
78

Nazis,
3

Neustria,
15

Newcastle-upon-Tyne (Northumb),
290
,
296
,
334

New Forest (Hants),
291
,
344
,
349

Newmarket (Suffolk),
268

Nicaea,
22

Nijmegen (Netherlands),
67

Norman Conquest, myths and misconceptions,
7
–
9

Normandy (
selected references):
origins,
15
–
16
,
48
; aristocracy of,
49
,
53
–
6
; social changes in during early eleventh century,
48
–
51
; Church in,
86
–
93
; loss of (1204),
352
; abandonment of slavery in,
295
;
see also
knight service; military obligation

Normans (
selected references):
conversion,
16
,
48
,
86
; adoption of Frankish culture,
16
,
48
–
9
; adoption of Church reform,
87
–
93
; opinions on,
44
,
332
,
337
,
341
–
2
;
see also
chivalry

Northallerton (Yorks),
224

Northampton,
129
–
30

Northamptonshire,
313
; geld roll,
313
,
315

Northumbria,
12
,
25
,
27
–
8
,
30
,
101
,
103
–
4
,
120
–
30
,
141
,
160
–
1
,
163
,
210
–
11
,
216
,
218
,
220
,
222
–
4
,
226
,
252
,
263
,
289
–
90
,
294
,
296
; earl of,
see
Erik; Gospatric; Siward; Tostig; Uhtred; Walcher; Waltheof