Few men were woken by the harsh notes of the reveille. Many were already up and about, abhorring the idea of wasting what could be their last living hours in sleep. The quiet murmur of voices could be heard throughout the army, some in conversation with their fellows, others in prayer, even those most vehement atheists returning to the comforting words of religion.
The sun rose lethargically as if it, too, was unwilling to start the day. The morning was chilly, the men and their uniforms damp from the heavy dew. Fires were coaxed into life and the men breakfasted on salt pork and biscuit. Then it was time to form up.
By six thirty, the men stood ready in their ranks, waiting for the command to march. Their coats steamed gently under the climbing sun. Horses pawed at the ground and flicked their tails, the men fidgeted. And waited.
By seven thirty, there was still no order to advance. Exasperated officers decided enough was enough and ordered their men to sit. The men sank gratefully to the ground and the officers gathered to vent their frustration at the maddening delay and the incompetence of their seniors.
‘Digby-Brown!’
The lieutenant heard his captain’s loud summons and reluctantly left the circle of subalterns. Already he was sweating profusely, his thin whiskers slick from the steady stream that ran down from underneath his shako.
‘Yes, sir?’
‘Nothing is going to be happening here for a while so I’m of a mind to see what lies ahead. I’m leaving you in charge of the company. I’ll return should the generals condescend to present us with orders to advance.’
‘Very good, sir.’ Digby-Brown licked his lips nervously as he risked a request. ‘Would you mind if I came with you?’
‘Yes, I would.’ Jack wanted to get away from the cloying attention of his fellow officers. Taking Digby-Brown with him would be as bad as joining in one of their pointless discussions.
Digby-Brown’s shoulders slumped at the unkind reply. ‘Very good, sir. Any other commands?’
‘No. Stay with the men and send someone to me if I’m needed.’ Jack made to leave.
‘I think I might just about be able to manage that, sir.’ Digby-Brown’s words stopped Jack in his tracks. ‘It’s just the task for a hopeless lieutenant.’
‘What on earth do you mean by that?’ Jack snapped.
‘Well, it’s clear you don’t like me. You treat me like something you’ve just trod in.’
‘I have no idea what you mean.’ Jack could see the emotion in his junior officer’s face and it brought him up short.
‘Truly?’ Digby-Brown’s eyes glistened. ‘You never have a good word to say to me. You treat me like a fool.’
‘I don’t think you are a fool – except when you come up with daft notions like this.’
‘With respect, sir, I disagree. I’ve tried my best to help you. Yet whatever I do, you show me nothing but scorn and derision. It is grossly unfair.’
‘Listen, Digby-Brown. This is the neither the time nor the place for this.’
‘I think it is exactly the time, sir. There may not be another chance to speak plainly.’ The young lieutenant paled at the thought of his own mortality.
‘Well, consider your views aired and noted. Your function in my company is to assist me as I see fit. If that is unsatisfactory to you then I can arrange for you to be assigned elsewhere. For God’s sake, man, we are about to go into battle. This is not the time for a fit of the vapours.’
Digby-Brown’s shoulders slumped and he lowered his head, his spark of righteous anger extinguished by Jack’s damning words.
The sight of the crestfallen officer pricked Jack’s conscience. ‘Look here, Digby-Brown. I need you to help me. Do you understand?’
‘You need me, sir? I thought you couldn’t stand the sight of me.’
‘Grow up, man. Of course I need you. I can’t do everything myself. The men will look to both of us to show them what is expected of them. For better or worse we are their officers and it’s up to us to live up to their expectations.’
‘Yes, sir.’ Digby-Brown’s head lifted. ‘I would like to apologise for my outburst.’
‘Now you’re being a damn fool.’ Jack clapped Digby-Brown on the shoulder. He knew he had treated his lieutenant harshly. He had used the young officer as an undeserving scapegoat for all his loathing towards the officer class. He saw now how his treatment had affected Digby-Brown and for that he did feel a pang of remorse. He had not set out to be such a bastard.
‘You have all the makings of a fine officer,’ Jack told him. ‘Never let anyone tell you different. Now,’ he summoned a wry smile, ‘get to your bloody duties before I change my mind.’
‘Yes, sir.’ Digby-Brown glowed with delight, the unexpected praise helping to settle the fear that sat heavily in his stomach. ‘And thank you, sir.’
Jack turned and made his way up the small hillock a few hundred yards in front of the fusiliers’ position. At the top he pulled up handfuls of heather and weeds to make a cushion that would spare his backside direct contact with the damp ground. Then he turned his attention on the panorama that stretched towards the southern horizon.
Directly to the south was a ridge and it was carpeted with thousands upon thousands of Russian infantry. Unlike the allied army, the enemy had yet to form up. Sunlight glinted on the infantry’s neatly piled arms and reflected off the hundreds of pieces of artillery whose iron barrels were aimed down the slope towards the Alma River.
Jack slowly panned along the enemy’s position, Sloames’s precious field glasses bringing the Russian men sharply into focus. He watched intrigued as individual soldiers wandered down to a thick band of vegetation that lined the banks of the river. He picked out one scrawny Russian conscript who meandered down to where a thick clump of bushes would screen him from his fellows. The Russian had not reckoned on being observed from far away to the north and Jack had a clear view as he dropped his thick grey trousers and squatted down on to his haunches.
Jack held the man in view. He counted the seconds, deciding that if the Russian was still emptying his bowels after the count of thirty then Slater would die that day. Jack knew it was superstitious nonsense but he could not help feeling hopeful as he reached twenty.
At the count of twenty-seven, the Russian soldier abruptly stood up and hoisted his trousers over his skinny shanks. Jack swore loudly.
Annoyed at his own stupidity, he turned away from observing the Russian line. He shuffled round on his scratchy seat so he could observe the preparations of his own side. The sight of the massed ranks of the allied army astounded him, it stretched for miles; the allied force was far greater than even the huge number he had observed in the Russian lines.
Officers galloped between the formations, full of activity despite the fact that the army was sprawled immobile on the ground. To the rear, the last of the ammunition wagons made their way forward, harried by mounted officers who bellowed at the cart drivers to make swifter progress. Around the Bulganak, the army’s pioneers wielded shovels to level the riverbanks and make the passage across the river as easy as possible for the thousands of infantrymen, cavalry, artillery and supply troops that would have to cross its winding course.
The sound of bugles and drums reached Jack’s hillock. The French army was stirring into life far away on the right flank of the allied force. Once again, it appeared that the French were ready to fight while their British allies still laboured in their preparations. Jack watched the first French brigades start their advance towards the steep cliffs that protected the Russian general’s left flank. Perhaps the French commander, Saint-Arnaud, was as tired of waiting for the British generals as their own army was.
The movement seemed to spur the British high command to life. A fresh flurry of staff officers left the clump of generals at the heart of the British formation and raced their horses through the massed ranks of the army, a new urgency in their hurried passage. As Jack watched through his field glasses, the massive columns of infantrymen slowly rose to their feet, and the small clusters of officers broke up and returned to their commands.
It was now mid-morning but at last the British army was about to advance.
The Alma was a river in name only. In most places, the local Tartar children could happily splash across from bank to bank, their passage barely troubled by the shallow water. In places, the river bent and twisted back on itself, forming deeper, more forbidding eddies and dark pools but even the laziest of peasants could divert around them with little effort. What minor inconvenience the river created could be avoided altogether via a single stone bridge that had stood for centuries. The old post road it carried made its way through the centre of the valley, heading, in a roundabout way, towards the great naval base at Sevastopol. The local Tartars only bothered to use the bridge when they needed to transport the harvest in their rickety arabas carts to the larger towns.
Two small villages called the river valley home. The inhabitants of Burliuk and Almatamack spent most of their lives within the confines of the valley, the only visitor to their remote homes the local mullah who taught the children the stories of the Koran, and who fought to save their parents’ souls from the few temptations of the flesh that could be found in such remote villages.
Away from the river, the ground was barren, the wide expanse of grasslands left uncultivated, good for little more than grazing for the Tartars’ flocks of sheep and herds of cattle. Scattered across the vast grassland stood ancient piles of stones. Local legend spoke of hidden treasure buried under the carefully constructed piles yet no villager had ever summoned enough courage to disturb the work of their ancestors. A terrible black horse was said to guard the treasure, keeping it safe through the centuries.
The legend of the black horse could not keep the valley safe from the violation of war. The bridge and shallow river were of enough strategic value to tempt the Russian army away from the secure defences of Sevastopol, thrusting thousands of soldiers into the lives of the local Tartars. They found themselves evicted from their villages, their herds requisitioned to feed the gargantuan host, their vineyards and orchards plundered. The lives of a few hundred Tartar peasants were of no consequence in the mighty struggle to secure victory over the invading armies of the British, French and Turkish governments.
For Prince Menshikov, the Russian commander, the terrain around the Alma River was a defender’s paradise. To the west, where the land met the sea, huge cliffs soared up from the coast, one hundred and fifty feet high and thought to be impassable to the invading army and most especially to their cumbersome artillery. These massive natural buttresses gave way to a long ridge that stretched inland for many miles along the southern bank of the Alma before it abruptly terminated in a high pinnacle that jutted out into the open plains to the east.
The ridge’s rugged slopes led down to the southern bank of the Alma. Here the riverbank was at its highest and most formidable, in many places several feet above the slow-moving water. The natural folds in the ground along the slope formed a succession of natural terraces which were perfect for positioning defensive infantry and artillery.
Opposite, on the north side of the river, the ground was open and sloped gently down to the Alma. It offered no shelter and no cover. It was an attacker’s nightmare.
Menshikov would not, however, rely on the terrain alone to win him victory. The allied army might have been allowed to land on Rusian soil unmolested, but their slow advance had given the Russian general ample time in which to pick his ground and strengthen the position he had chosen. The two villages were cleared, the houses and mud walls demolished, denying the attackers cover. Huge bundles of straw were positioned in the ruins, ready to be fired to hamper any troops advancing through the debris. All cover near the riverbanks was uprooted or burnt, the many trees cut down and taken away. The enemy was to be given nowhere to hide, no place where they could shelter from the lethal storm that Menshikov intended to bring down against them.
Artillery officers paced the distances and measured ranges. They laid down markers for the gunners, calculated overlapping fields of fire to maximise the power of the massed artillery batteries. The Russians applied the rules of mathematics and physics to the business of administering death. Nothing would be left to chance.
Two great earthworks were constructed on the heights on the Russians’ side of the river. The largest, the great redoubt, had a breastwork four feet high fashioned from huge tree trunks. Hundreds of sandbags and wide wicker gabions packed full of earth would protect the defenders from the enemy’s fire. Crude embrasures had been hacked out of the southern face, creating openings for a dozen guns which could be brought to bear on any attacker coming across the river. Further to the east, a second redoubt was constructed to protect the open flank, with another battery of guns sited behind its protective barricade.
Menshikov’s chosen position ran for six miles from the coast to the smaller redoubt. Forty thousand Russian soldiers, hundreds of pieces of artillery and thousands of cavalry waited for the invading army to arrive. Menshikov was confident. The invaders could send wave after wave of men to try to breach his mighty defences. None would get through. The British, French and Turkish soldiers would be massacred.
Menshikov boasted to all who would listen that he could not be defeated. Such was his confidence that the people of Sevastopol journeyed along the coast to watch the might of Britain and France waste its strength against Menshikov’s defences. The invasion was reduced to entertainment, a pleasing diversion for the good ladies and gentlemen of Sevastopol to observe in safety.
‘Good Lord, now why are we stopping?’
‘The good Lord is the best person to ask, Mr Digby-Brown. Perhaps Raglan thinks we are too fatigued to continue. The man is a damn fool!’ Jack growled in frustration as the fusiliers were ordered to come to yet another maddening halt.
‘Sir!’
Jack laughed at Digby-Brown’s reaction. ‘I apologise. I really should learn to moderate my language.’
‘Thank you, sir.’
‘But even you, Mr Digby-Brown, must admit that this is yet another total balls-up!’
‘Yes, sir.’
Jack smiled and clapped his subaltern on the shoulder. ‘Good fellow. We’ll make a radical of you yet.’
‘I hope not, sir.’
Lieutenant Thomas made his way over to join them. All along the column bad-tempered officers gathered to discuss this latest infuriating delay. The King’s Royal Fusiliers marched in the centre of the Light Division’s column, too far from the front to benefit from the clean breeze that swept across open plain from the sea only a few miles to the west. Instead, they were forced to march in the midst of the choking cloud of dust that was kicked up by the boots of those further ahead. Their throats were clogged with dust, they were thirsty and their tempers were fraying at the exasperating regularity with which the column came to a halt.
The King’s Royal Fusiliers served the 1st Fusilier Brigade alongside the 7th Royal Fusiliers and the 23rd Royal Welsh Fusiliers. The brigade was commanded by Major General William Codrington, and it was one of the two brigades that formed the Light Division. Raglan’s plan was simple. Four divisions would attack the Russian position. They would cross the river directly in front of the huge Russian army, precisely where they were strongest. The divisions would form up in two long lines stretching from west to east. The Light Division would fight on the left of the front line, with the 2nd Division under Major General de Lacy Evans on the right. The 1st Division, commanded by the queen’s cousin, the Duke of Cambridge, would follow the Light Division, while the 3rd Division, commanded by Sir Richard England, would be behind the 2nd Division.
Four Divisions. Twenty-five battalions. Nigh on twenty thousand redcoats.
The Light Company’s three officers stood together in companionable silence as each contemplated the enemy force. The fusiliers had been ordered to halt yet again on a low-crested rise two miles short of the Alma River. The raised ground gave them a clear view of the Russian position. It stretched for miles across the higher ground to the south of the Alma. Even from such a distance the difficulties facing the attackers were obvious. The redcoats would be marching into a corridor of death.
‘I must say, there does seem to be an awful lot of them.’ Lieutenant Thomas broke the silence, his face pale, his voice cracking as he spoke, the squeak of adolescence betraying his youth.
Jack looked at his junior officer’s wan expression and wondered what kind of country took their young boys from school and sent them to fight thousands of miles from home.
‘Don’t concern yourself about them, Thomas. Our job is to look after the men. Let the generals worry about the enemy.’
‘Besides, we outnumber them,’ Digby-Brown sought to add to his captain’s reassurance. ‘We have to share those Russkis with the French and the Turks. I hope there are enough to go round.’
Jack turned away from the formidable Russian host so that he was facing his two subalterns. ‘Today is not about fulfilling any childish dreams you may have of chasing glory. I want you to concentrate on bringing as many of our men out of here as possible. And whatever we face, we face it together. As a company. Do you understand?’
‘Yes, sir,’ both subalterns replied firmly and in unison.
‘Good. I’m glad you have learnt not to mumble, Mr Thomas. It’s nice to see you making progress at last.’
The sound of artillery opening fire echoed along the valley. Far away on the right flank puffs of smoke rose into the still air. The French army had begun its attack in front of the cliffs that formed Menshikov’s left flank. The cliffs were a formidable obstacle and Menshikov had decided that only a thin screen of soldiers was needed to keep the allies from turning the flank. The bulk of the Russian artillery and infantry was in the centre and on the right flank, where the British infantry waited to begin their own assault.
Lieutenant Flowers walked his horse over to join the Light Company officers. As one of the battalion’s field officers, Flowers was required to be mounted, a rather dubious honour since it made him an ideal target for Russian sharpshooters.
Flowers sat his horse well but the bony nag he was riding rather spoiled his fine appearance. The horse stood several hands too small to suit the adjutant’s tall frame, its threadbare coat and prominent ribs testifying to its poor condition.
‘Goodness me, I’m glad the French are attacking those cliffs and not us,’ Flowers observed. ‘That they think they can get up there astonishes me.’
Jack was pleased to see the adjutant. His two subalterns needed distraction. ‘It wouldn’t surprise me if the damn Frogs believe they can win the battle all on their own,’ he said.
‘Still, attacking the flanks, however pointless it may appear, suggests strategy. That perhaps their general has actually thought up a plan.’ Flowers tugged at the reins of his horse which had lowered its head to crop at the tufts of grass around its hooves.
‘Are you implying that Lord Raglan has no plan?’ Jack replied. ‘That his decision to commit us to a frontal attack against prepared defences after advancing over nearly a mile of open, coverless terrain is somehow lacking in forethought?’
Flowers yanked hard on the reins of his recalcitrant steed. The horse was determined to feast on the moist grass. ‘I’m sure his thorough reconnaissance led him to conclude there was no other course of action open to him.’
‘His reconnaissance?’ Jack raised his eyebrows. ‘I must have missed that. Did either of you two happen to notice any cavalrymen out in front?’
‘No, sir.’
An uncomfortable silence followed. In Wellington’s time, the British exploring officers had been lauded throughout the army. The intelligence they provided had been vital to the duke’s preparations. For Raglan to have chosen not to send out similar outriders was an appalling indictment of his ability as a general.
Flowers tried to lighten the sombre mood. ‘Well, I think I can say my duty to spread gloom and despair is complete. Should you need any more of my encouraging words then please do not hesitate to summon me.’
‘I think we’ve had all of the encouragement we can stomach for the moment.’ Jack smiled despite the censure in his words, and he was glad to see his two subalterns relax a little.
Flowers turned his head towards the distant sounds of battle which had increased in tempo. ‘Perhaps, as you suggested, the French will win the day without our help.’
‘Well, that would be nice.’ As Jack replied, the bugles sounded and the drums rattled. ‘But I rather fancy Raglan has other ideas.’
All along the British line, the redcoats stirred into life once again. The battalions were ordered to form line. Staff officers swarmed around the column as it slowly broke up, and in the measured step of the parade ground the men moved into the new formation to the beat of the drums. The order came to jettison knapsacks, final confirmation that the wait was nearly over.
An uneasy lull fell over the troops. The bugles and drums fell silent. The shouts of the sergeants and corporals ceased now that the men stood in line, their spacings regular, the files ordered. The staff officers rode back to their commanders, their orders delivered.