The Sleepwalkers (264 page)

March
1955-May 1958

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The
author
wishes
to
thank
the
following
for
permission
to
quote
from
various
works:
Messrs.
Sheed
&
Ward,
London
(
The
Confessions
of
St.
Augustine
,
translated
by
F.
J.
Sheed);
the
University
of
Chicago
Press
(
Dialogue
on
the
Great
World
Systems
,
by
Professor
Georgio
de
Santillana,
copyright
1953,
by
the
University
of
Chicago,
and
The
Crime
of
Galileo
,
also
by
Santillana,
copyright
1955,
by
the
University
of
Chicago);
Messrs.
Edward
Arnold
(Publishers)
Ltd.,
London
(
The
Waning
of
the
Middle
Ages
,
by
J.
Huizinga);
Columbia
University
Press,
New
York
(
Three
Copernican
Treatises
,
translated
by
Professor
E.
Rosen);
The
Johns
Hopkins
Press,
Baltimore
(
From
the
Closed
World
to
the
Infinite
Universe
,
by
Professor
Alexandre
Koyré);
Messrs.
Doubleday
&
Co.,
Inc.,
New
York
(
Discoveries
and
Opinions
of
Galileo
,
translated
by
Stillman
Drake,
copyright
©
1957,
by
Stillman
Drake);
Cambridge
University
Press
(
Science
and
the
Modern
World
,
by
A.
N.
Whitehead
);
Messrs.
Wm.
Collins,
Sons
&
Co.
Ltd.
and
The
Macmillan
Company,
New
York
(
The
Trail
of
the
Dinosaur
,
©,
by
Arthur
Koestler,
1955).

NOTES

PREFACE

1

A
Study
of
History,
Abridgement
of
Vols.
I-VI
by
D.
C.
Somervell
,
Oxford,
1947.
In
the
complete
ten-volume
edition
there
are
three
brief
references
to
Copernicus,
two
to
Galileo,
three
to
Newton,
none
to
Kepler.
All
references
are
by
way
of
asides.

2

Cf.
Insight
and
Outlook,
An
Inquiry
into
the
Common
Foundations
of
Science,
Art
and
Social
Ethics
,
London
and
New
York,
1949.

PART
ONE THE HEROIC AGE

Part
1 Chapter I. DAWN

1

Ency.
Brit.
,
1955
ed.,
II-582c.

2

Ibid.,
II-582d.

3

F.
Sherwood
Taylor:
Science
Past
and
Present
(
London,
1949),
p.
13.

"From
the
beginning
of
the
reign
of
Nabonassar,
747
B.C.,"
Ptolemy
reported
some
900
years
later,
"we
possess
the
ancient
observations
continued
practically
to
the
present
day."
(
Th.
L.
Heath,
Greek
Astronomy
[
London
1932],
p.
xiv
f.)

The
Babylonian
observations,
incorporated
by
Hipparchus
and
Ptolemy
into
the
main
body
of
Greek
data,
were
still
an
indispensable
aid
to
Copernicus.

4

Plato,
Thaetetus
,
174
A.,
quoted
by
Heath,
op.
cit.,
p.
1.

5

Compressed
from
the
Fragments
,
quoted
i.a.
by
John
Burnet
,
Early
Greek
Philosophy
(
London,
1908),
p.
126
seq.

6

Ibid.,
p. 29.

Part
1 Chapter II. THE HARMONY OF THE SPHERES

1

Cf.
John
Burnet,
Greek
Philosophy
Part
I
Thales
to
Plato
(
London,
1914),
pp.
42,
54.

2

Aristoxenus
of
Tarentum,
Elements
of
Harmony
,
quoted
by
Burnet,
op.
cit.,
p.
41.
Aristoxenus,
a
fourth
cent.
peripatetic,
studied
under
the
Pythagoreans
and
Aristotle.

For
a
critical
evaluation
of
the
sources
on
Pythagoras
see
Burnet
Early
Greek
Philosophy
,
p.
91
seq.;
and
A.
Delatte,
Etudes
sur
la
Litterature
Pythagoricienne
(
Paris,
1915).
For
the
astronomy
of
the
Pythagoreans,
J.
L.
E.
Dreyer,
History
of
the
Planetary
Systems
from
Thales
to
Kepler
(
Cambridge,
1906)
and
Pierre
Duhem,
Le
Système
du
Monde
–
Histoire
des
Doctrines
Cosmologiques
de
Plato
à
Copernic
,
Vol.
I
(
Paris,
1913).

3

The
discovery
of
the
sphericity
of
the
earth
is
variously
attributed
to
Pythagoras
and/or
Parmenides.

4

Hist.
nat.
,
II,
p.
84,
quoted
by
Dreyer,
op.
cit.,
p.
179.

5

The
Merchant
of
Venice
,
V.i.

6

Euripides,
The
Bacchae
,
a
new
translation
by
Philip
Vellacott
(
London,
1954).

7

Burnet,
Early
Greek
Phil
.,
p.
88.

8

Quoted
by
B.
Farrington:
Greek
Science
(
London,
1953),
p.
45.

9

F.
M.
Cornford,
From
Religion
to
Philosophy
(
London,
1912),
p.
198.