The Weaker Vessel: Woman's Lot in Seventeenth-Century England (90 page)

19
Dante’s
Inferno
, Book 1, Canto III.

Chapter 1: A Wife Sought for Wealth

1
Wilkinson, ‘Merchant-Royal’, p.20.

2
Nichols,
Progresses of King James I
, pp.105–21.

3
Wilkinson, ‘Merchant-Royal’, p.18; Dedication.

4
Gataker, ‘Good Wife Gods Gift’, p.8.

5
Lawes Resolutions
, p.144.

6
HMC, Hastings MSS, IV, p.332;
Cromwell Writings
, I, pp.585–92; II, p.8.

7
Hatton Correspondence
, I, pp.15–16.

8
Kenny,
History of the Law of England
, Part III, Chapter III.

9
Powell,
Domestic Relations
, p.5 and note 2.

10
Lawes Resolutions
, p.146.

11
Willson,
King James VI and I
, p.388.

12
Willson,
King James VI and I
, p.286.

13
The ‘courtship’ is dealt with at length in Norsworthy,
Lady Hatton
; Lockyer,
Buckingham
, adds the findings of modern scholarship.

14
Ben Jonson,
The Gypsies Metamorphosed
, p.139.

15
Hic Mulier: Or, The Man-Woman
.

16
cit. Norsworthy,
Lady Hatton
, p.55; Gardiner,
History of England
, III, p.87.

17
Norsworthy,
Lady Hatton
, p.39.

18
See Stone,
Family, Sex and Marriage
, pp.31, 33–4.

19
Norsworthy,
Lady Hatton
, p.43.

20
Norsworthy,
Lady Hatton
, pp.49–50.

21
cit. Norsworthy,
Lady Hatton
, p.29; HMC, Salisbury MSS, XXII, p.52.

22
MacDonald,
Mystical Bedlam
, p.21; CSP Domestic, 1619–23, p.405.

23
Lockyer,
Buckingham
, p.408.

24
May,
Social Control of Sex Expression
, p.132.

25
Norsworthy,
Lady Hatton
, p.125.

26
On 20 October 1624 according to Burke’s
Extinct Peerages
, p.559; Lockyer,
Buckingham
, p.285, gives the birth as ‘early in 1625’.

27
Norsworthy,
Lady Hatton
, p.151.

28
Conway letters
, p.25.

29
Burke’s
Extinct Peerages
, p.559.

30
For the marriage of Mary Blacknall see
Verney papers
, pp.138–46.

31
See Stone,
Family, Sex and Marriage
, pp.30–37.

32
Verney Memoirs
, II, p.421.

33
Verney Memoirs
, III, p.30.

34
CSP Domestic, 1637, p.422.

35
CSP Domestic, 1637, p.423.

36
CSP Domestic, 1637, p.423.

37
CSP Domestic, 1637, pp.404, 547.

38
CSP Domestic, 1637, p.565.

39
CSP Domestic, 1637–8, p.499.

Chapter 2: Affection Is False

1
cit. Schücking,
Puritan Family
, pp.25–6; Rogers,
Matrimoniall Honour
, p.32.

2
See Sensabaugh,
Love Ethics in Platonic Court Drama
; Ben Jonson,
The New Inn
, Act I, scene V.

3
Houblon Family
, I, Appendix A, p.346.

4
cit.
Collins’ Peerage
, II, p.491.

5
HMC, Salisbury MSS, XXII, p.239.

6
Swetnam,
Arraignment of Women
, pp.12–13; Gataker. ‘Good Wife Gods Gift’, p.18.

7
cit. Scott Thomson,
Noble Household
, p.28.

8
McElwee,
Murder of Overbury
, pp.238–41.

9
cit. Scott Thomson,
Noble Household
, pp.28, 30.

10
Scott Thomson,
Noble Household
, pp.28, 30.

11
Duncon,
Vi-Countess Falkland
, p.149; Duncon,
Returns of Spiritual Comfort
, p.1.

12
Duncon,
Vi-Countess Falkland
, p.152.

13
Clarendon Life
, I, p.44.

14
Clarendon Life
, I, p.45.

15
Clarendon,
History of Rebellion
, III, p.180.

16
Duncon,
Vi-Countess Falkland
, p.153; Aubrey,
Brief Lives
, ed. Powell, p.335. I discount Aubrey’s secondhand gossip concerning Falkland’s death (p.356), preferring the account given by Clarendon, who knew him intimately.

17
Clarendon,
History of Rebellion
, III, pp. 189–90.

18
Duncon,
Vi-Countess Falkland
, pp.155, 157.

19
Duncon,
Vi-Countess Falkland
, pp.176, 195.

20
Duncon,
Vi-Countess Falkland
, p.205.

21
Newcastle,
True Relation
, p.12.

22
cit. Grant,
Margaret the First
, p.81.

23
See E. A. Parry’s edition for the letters and Lord David Cecil’s biography of Dorothy Osborne in
Two Quiet Lives
.

24
Osborne Letters
, pp.181–2, 182.

25
Osborne Letters
, p.197.

26
Osborne Letters
, p.163.

27
Newdegate,
Muniment Room
, p.36.

28
Lismore Papers
, V, p.101;
Warwick Autobiography
, p.3.

29
Warwick Autobiography
, p.8.

30
See Gardiner,
Oxinden and Peyton
, pp.xxvi–xxvii and ‘Oxinden Correspondence’, V, BL Add MSS, 28, 003.

31
Fell Smith,
Warwick
, p.336;
Osborne Letters
, p.115.

32
‘Oxinden Correspondence’, V, BL Add MSS, 28, 003, fo. 147, 143.

33
‘Oxinden Correspondence’, V, BL Add MSS, 28, 003, fo. 143.

34
‘Oxinden Correspondence’, V, BL Add MSS, 28, 003, fo. 173.

35
‘Oxinden Correspondence’. V, BL Add MSS, 28, 003, fo. 173.

36
See Gardiner,
Oxinden and Peyton
. pp.113–14, 155, 171.

37
Woolley,
Gentlewomans Companion
, p.104.

38
MacDonald,
Mystical Bedlam
, p.90.

39
Martindale Life
, p.16.

40
See Laslett,
World we have lost
(1983), pp.81–3.

41
cit. Duffy,
Inherit the Earth
, p.88;
Overbury Works
, pp.169–70.

42
Herrick Poems
, pp.229–30.

43
Osborne Letters
, p.85.

Chapter 3: Crown to her Hushand

1
Walker,
Holy Life
, p.39 quoting Proverbs, 12, VS. 4; Hieron,
Helpe unto Devotion
, p.386; Walker,
Holy Life
, p.40; Hookes,
Amanda
, p.116.

2
Knevet,
Funerall Elegies to the memory of Lady Paston
; Ballard,
Memoirs of Several Ladies
, p.285.

3
Markham,
English Huswife
, II, p.3.

4
Brathwaite,
English Gentlewoman
, p.397

5
Walker,
Holy Life
, p.39.

6
Houblon Family
, Appendix A, p.346;
Evelyn Diary
, II, pp.237, 128, 173.

7
i.e.
Pepys Diary
, VI, p.316; IX, p.204;
Hic Mulier: Or, The Man-Woman
.

8
cit. Notestein,
English Woman
, p.94; Bridenbaugh,
Vexed Englishmen
, p.119 and note; Fuller,
Worthies
, II, p.294.

9
Gardiner,
Oxinden Letters
, pp.40–41.

10
cit. Notestein,
English Woman
, p.94.

11
Howell,
Familiar Letters
, p.76;
Memoriae Matris
in Herbert,
Works
, p.422 (translation by Edmund Blunden in
Essays and Literature by Members of the English Association
, XIX, pp.32–3).

12
cit. Clark,
Working Life
, pp.44–5.

13
Stout Autobiography
, p.3.

14
cit. Fussell,
English Countrywoman
, p.62; Clark,
Working Life
, p.51.

15
Queens Closet Opened
, Preface; see especially pp.7, 44.

16
Kent,
Choice Manuall
, see especially pp.107–8, 174, 4.

17
Kent,
Choice Manuall
, p.198.

18
Brathwaite,
English Gentlewoman
, p.397.

19
Walker,
Holy Life
, pp.14, 67.

20
Walker,
Holy Life
, p.67.

21
Walker,
Holy Life
, p.72.

22
Walker,
Holy Life
, pp.67, 88.

23
Ambrose,
Works
, pp.117–18.

24
Fell Smith,
Warwick
, pp.322–41;
Warwick Memoir
, pp.292–4.

25
Walker,
Holy Life
, p.27.

26
Evelyn,
Mundus Muliebris
, Preface; Gardiner,
Oxinden Letters
, p.299.

27
Nash,
Worcestershire
, I, p.500.

28
See Stone,
Family, Sex and Marriage
, pp.489–90; Sharp,
Midwives Book
, p.33.

29
Gouge,
Domesticall Duties
, p.223; Milton,
Paradise Lost
, Book IV, lines 338–9.

30
cit. Bowle,
Evelyn
, p.177.

31
Capp,
Astrology
, pp.120–21.

32
Oglander Notebook
, p.5.

33
Whitelocke,
Memorials
, III, p.32.

34
See Christie,
Shaftesbury
, p.lii.

35
Fell Smith,
Warwick
, p.302.

36
Heywood Autobiography
, I, pp.61, 177.

37
Harley Letters
, pp.1, 3.

38
Denbigh,
Royalist Father
, pp.197, 202, 199.

39
Lovelace Poems
, p.17.

40
See Lady Fanshawe’s account in
Halkett and Fanshawe
, pp.110, 102.

41
Halkett and Fanshawe
, p.114.

42
Halkett and Fanshawe
, p.115.

43
Halkett and Fanshawe
, pp.115–16.

44
Halkett and Fanshawe
, pp.123, 128.

45
Halkett and Fanshawe
, pp.130–31.

46
Halkett and Fanshawe
, p.103.

47
Halkett and Fanshawe
, p.103.

48
Fanshawe,
Shorter Poems
, p.6.