Tower of Basel: The Shadowy History of the Secret Bank That Runs the World (48 page)

Siegman, Charles J. “The Bank for International Settlements and the Federal Reserve,”
Federal Reserve Bulletin
, Volume 80, number 10, October 1994.

Simmons, Beth. “Why Innovate? Founding the Bank for International Settlements,”
World Politics
, Vol. 45, No. 3 (Apr. 1993), 361–405.

Taibbi, Matt. “The Great American Bubble Machine,”
Rolling Stone
, July 9 2009.

Tuttle, William M. Jr. “The Birth of an Industry: the Synthetic Rubber ‘Mess’ in World War II,”
Technology and Culture
, January 1981, 40.

Van Hook, James C. “Review of Treasonable Doubt: The Harry Dexter White Spy Case by R. Bruce Craig,”
Studies in Intelligence
, Vol. 49, No. 1, April 2007.

Weixelbaum, Jason. “The Contradiction of Neutrality and International Finance: The Presidency of Thomas H. McKittrick at the Bank for International Settlements in Basel 1940–1946,” May 2010, available at
http://jasonweixelbaum.wordpress.com/tag/thomas-h-mckittrick
.

———. “Following the Money: An Exploration of the Relationship between American Finance and Nazi Germany,” December 2009, available at
http://jasonweixelbaum.wordpress.com/2009/12/21/following-the-money-an-explorationof-the-relationship-between-american-finance-and-nazi-germany
.

ARCHIVED INTERVIEWS

Connelly, Albert Ray. Conducted in October 1990. Number 549, Jean Monnet Statesman of Interdepence Collection (EUI), available at
http://www.eui.eu/HAEU/OralHistory/bin/CreaInt.asp?rc=INT549
.

Harriman, Averell. Conducted in 1971. Harry S. Truman Library and Museum, available at
http://www.trumanlibrary.org/oralhist/harriman.htm
.

Hoffman, Paul. Conducted in October 1964. Harry S. Truman Library and Museum, available at
http://www.trumanlibrary.org/oralhist/hoffmanp.htm
.

Lamfalussy, Alexandre. Series of interviews conducted in March 2010, available at
http://www.cvce.eu
.

McKittrick, Thomas. Conducted in July 1964. John Foster Dulles Oral History Collection, number 172 (SGMML).

Zijlstra, Jelle. Conducted in May 1989. Number 534, Jean Monnet Statesman of Interdepence Collection (EUI), available at
http://www.eui.eu/HAEU/OralHistory/bin/CreaInt.asp?rc=INT534
.

SELECTED WEBSITES

Bank for International Settlements,
http://www.bis.org

Centre for European Studies,
http://www.cvce.eu

Economics resource,
http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com

Economics and finance resource,
http://www.econlib.org

The Economist
magazine,
http://www.economist.com

European University Institute,
http://www.eui.eu

Financial Times
,
http://www.ft.com

Investopedia finance resource,
http://www.investopedia.com

New York Times
,
http://www.nytimes.com

Holocaust research resource,
http://www.nizkor.org

Harry S. Truman Library and Museum,
http://www.trumanlibrary.org

IG Farben historical resources,
http://www.wollheim-memorial.de

US Department of State, Office of the Historian,
http://www.history.state.gov

A

Abacha, Sani,
259

Abs, Hermann,
153–154
,
184
,
187–188
,
192–193
,
197

Adenauer, Konrad,
159

Agreement for Intra-European Payments and Compensation,
166

The Alchemy Murder
(Jacobssen),
52

Aldrich, Nelson,
137

Aldrich, Richard,
173

Aldrich, Winthrop,
137

Alien Property Custodian,
102
,
118
,
146

Alkali Export Association (Alkasso),
143

Allied Chemical & Dye Corporation,
37

Allied Tripartite Commission,
127
,
132–133

Ambros, Otto,
159

American Committee for a United Europe,
173

American-Nazi financial network,
99–102
,
104–109

Anschluss,
47
,
53

Arendt, Hannah,
183

Argentina, dispute over reserves of,
260–261

Arnold, Thurman,
101

Ashton-Gwatkin, Frank,
70–71

Asian debt crisis (1997),
238

Auboin, Roger,
xviii
,
61
,
81
,
86
,
94
,
116
,
192

Auschwitz,
116
,
144
,
158
,
162

       
See also
IG Auschwitz

Australia,
198

Austrian National Bank,
53
,
182

Autarky,
35
,
84
,
166

Axis powers, BIS gold transactions for,
86–87

B

Baer, Gunther,
212

Baker, Dean,
252

Baltic gold, management of by BIS,
79–80
,
206

Banco Zaragozano,
57

Bank deutscher Länder,
151
,
175
,
219

Bank for International Settlements (BIS)

       
adaptability of,
xxi
,
193

       
American presidents of,
109

       
amorality of,
52–54
,
63–66

       
annual reports,
25
,
52–53
,
208
,
236
,
256–254

       
Argentine reserves, dispute over,
260–261

       
authorized activities of,
21–22

       
available information about,
xvi–xvii
,
xvii–xviii

       
Baltic gold, management of,
79–80
,
206

       
Basel Committee rules,
241

       
buy-back of shares, dispute over,
242–243

       
as Cold War information channel,
201–202

       
collapse of Soviet Union, role of in,
205

       
current status,
255–257

       
Czechoslovak gold affair,
59–63

       
ECSC, as transitional bank for,
174–175

       
effect of World War II on,
84–85

       
employees,
23–24

       
European Currency Unit (ECU), agent for,
210

       
European Monetary Cooperation Fund, agent for,
210

       
European Payments Union (EPU), agent for,
167

       
European unification, role in,
208–211
,
258

       
Eurozone crisis, role in,
xx–xxi

       
evacuation of headquarters in World War II,
80–81

       
existence, question of need for,
262–263

       
founding of,
xvii
,
20–21

       
fund transfer procedure,
22–23

       
funding of Holocaust by,
258

       
future of,
270

       
globalization of,
228

       
gold, looted,
53
,
78
,
85
,
132
,
261–263

       
gold standard and,
42

       
gold transactions of,
67–68
,
86–87
,
114–115

       
governors’ monthly meeting,
xii–xiii
,
49–50
,
256

       
Hague Convention, signing of,
20

       
headquarters,
xix
,
199–201

       
hostility toward,
89

       
insider trading by,
41

       
legal inviolability of,
14
,
20
,
42
,
263
,
265–268

       
liquidation of, motion for,
122–124

       
location, choice of,
13

       
Marshall Plan payments, as clearinghouse for,
146–147

       
Nazi Germany, relationship with,
33
,
51
,
78–79
,
84–87
,
114–115
,
123
,
125–127
,
256

       
neutrality of,
78
,
87

       
post–World War II survival of,
139–140
,
147–148
,
167
,
175–176

       
privileges of,
xiv
,
81–82

       
problems caused by member financial policies,
245–246

       
purpose,
xix–xxi
,
5
,
20
,
42–43
,
53–54

       
Reichsbank gold account in,
85

       
rescue packages, coordination of,
206–207

       
reserve currency rescue, coordination of,
193

       
as safe haven from creditors,
261–262

       
secrecy, tradition of,
xv–xviii
,
259

       
social responsibility, need for,
268–269

       
transnational economy, role of in,
xxii–xxiii

       
transparency, need for,
267–268

       
United States, blockage of transactions by,
95
,
111
,
133

       
warnings about easy credit,
238–240

       
wartime intelligence, conduit for,
113
,
116–117
,
127–131

       
See also
BIS committees

Bank of America,
169

Bank of England,
28
,
29
,
59–61
,
67
,
83
,
110
,
122
,
189
,
191
,
245
,
257

Bank of France,
28
,
29
,
61
,
62
,
65
,
69
,
85
,
175

Bank of France (Vichy),
86–87

Bank of Greece’s missing gold,
23

Bank of Japan,
257

Bank of Portugal,
114

Bank of Russia,
206

Bank of Spain,
44
,
56

Bank Voor Handel en Scheepvaart,
145

Bankers’ Almanac and Yearbook
,
64

Bankers’ Magazine
, on neutrality of BIS reports,
52

Bankhaus Herstatt,
207

Banks, war and,
29–30

Baranski, Leon,
79

Basel Committee on Banking Supervision,
xxi–xxiv
,
207–208
,
240
,
256–257
,
271

BASF,
225

Bayer,
225

Bear Sterns,
239

Beevor, Antony,
218

Behn, Sosthenes,
37
,
75

Belgian gold reserves, fate of,
85–86

Belgium,
xvii
,
20
,
79
,
146
,
167
,
188
,
217