Vikings in America (36 page)

Dame a l'alicorne
96

Dardanelles
15

Davis, John
156

Davis Strait
8
,
22
,
77
,
108
,
132

Decker, Thomas
143

DECODE genetics project
31

Dee, John
122
,
151
,
153–155

Democracy
8
,
20
,
180

diver, great northern
92

Denmark
6
,
18
,
96
,
142–144
,
179

Denmark Strait
36
,
39
,
42
,
108
,
134

Descriptio Britanniae Magnae
146

Devon Island
93

Disko Bay
49
,
132

Dorset Culture
48
,
82
,
112
,
132–134

Dublin
7
,
15
,
22–23
,
32
,
38
,
80
,
146

Dunvegan
52
,
147

Eastern Roman Empire
14

Edward III, king
150

Egede, Hans
57
,
100–102
,
170

Egerton, Francis
91

eider duck
98

Eirik the Red
37–39
,
46
,
66
,
79

Eirik's Fjord
38

Eirikur Thorvaldsson
see under
Eirik the Red

Elizabeth I, queen
122
,
142
,
153–154

ell
169

Ellesmere,
1
st earl of
see under
Francis Egerton

Ellesmere Island
10
,
89–104
,
108
,
170
,
178

European discovery of
91

stone age
91

England
14
,
150–153

etymology of
172

English
22

ermine
92

Erebus
105

Eskimo
see under
Inuit

Euclid
153

Eureka
90

Expedition Fiord
113

Eyak
138

Fair Isle
147

Faroe Islands
7
,
22–25
,
28
,
174

Ferrajoli, Enzo
83

Finnbogi
73

Fischer, Josef
87

Flatey
66
,
142

Flateyjarbok
22
,
66

Floki Vilgertharson
29

Foula
146

Fram
113

France
7

Franklin Expedition
105

Frederik III, king
101

freedom
181

French
15

Freydis
73

Frobisher, Martin
70
,
115
,
142
,
153

Frobisher Bay
70

fulmar
99

Gardar
50
,
169
,
185

Garthar Svavarsson
26
,
28

Gaukur of Stong
66

genes, Viking
21

Geoffrey of Monmouth
155
173

Germany
14

Gesta Hammaburgensis ecclesiae pontificum
49
,
63

Gisli Palsson
127

gnosis
153–154

Godfrey, William S.
167

Goths
14
,
117

Gotland
117

Grand Banks
4
,
155

grapes
75

Great Lakes
105

Great Plains
105
,
129

Greeks
14

Greenland
1
,
10
,
27
,
36–62
,
130–139
,
148

agriculture
42

bishops
5

colony
7

commonwealth
8

Eastern Settlement
45–46
,
48
,
54
,
108

Middle Settlement
46

name
39

North Shore
46

North-west
170

St Nicholas'

Cathedral
50

settlements
8

trade
8

Western Settlement
45–46
,
54

Greenlander, John
103

Grenada
6

Grimur Kamban
23
,
26
,
29

Grise Bay
92

Grise Fiord
90
,
93
,
99

Gudrid,
70
,
73

Gulf of St Lawrence
77

Gunnbjorn Ulfsson
37

Gunnbjorner Skerries
37

gyrfalcon
92

Haakon, king
51
,
150–151

Hakluyt, Richard
151

hall
44

Halward
151

Hamburg
6

diocese of
5

Hamburg-Bremen, archbishopric of
49
,
52
,
63–64

Hans Island
90

Heber, Reginald
41

Heimskringla
51

Helgi
73

Helluland
69
,
141
,
174

Henry VII, king
151
,
156
,
174

Hereford Cathedral
142

Herjolfsnes
68

heroic ideal
145
,
181

High Arctic
2
,
10
,
89–104

history, falsification of
5–6

History of Britain
155

History of the Danes
49

Hjorleifur
29

Holman
138

Holy Land
15

Hudson Bay
2
,
11
,
83
,
105–129
,
134
,
136
,
151–152
,
171
,
178

Hudson Bay Company
115

Hudson River
158

Hudson Strait
11
,
83
,
108
,
151–152
,
178

Hundred Years War
150

Husavik
28

Hvalsey
55

Iceland
5
,
7–8
,
25–36
,
51
,
141–142
,
174

Icelandic Geographical Treatise
74

Icelandic
Sagas
4
,
57
,
65

Inchcolm
20

Independence I Culture
131–132

Independence II Culture
132–133

Independence Fjord
131

Ingelfield, Sir Edward
91

Ingolfur Arnarson
29–30

India
3

Indica
95

Indo-European
176

Ingstad, Helge
76
,
114

Ink
86

Innocent VIII, pope
148–149

Inuit
7
,
49
,
55–57
,
77
,
102
,
107
,
138
,
178

animism
111

copper
138

East Greenlandic
37

Ellesmere Island
10
,
90

kayaks
151

mythology
111–112

Polar
138
,
170

Thule
92
,
100
,
103
,
139

and Vikings
130–139

Victoria Island
125–128

Inventio Fortuna
150

Iona
20

Ireland
7
,
15

Irish
3–4
,
22

Istanbul
see under
Constantinople

Italy
15

iron
9

Islam
59

Isle of Man
8
,
15
,
22

Isleif Gizuerarson
49

Ivar Bardarsson
54

ivory, narwhal
94–97

jade
143

James I, king
144

James VI, king
144

Jan Mayen Island
27

Jerome, saint
96

Jerusalem
7
,
15
,
50
,
52
,
108
,
157

Jews
15
,
59

Jon, bishop
50

Jon the Red, archbishop
52

Jones Sound
98

Kangerlussuaq
48

Kara
101

Karlsefni, Thorfinn Thordarson
71–73

Kensington Runestone
115–125

Kingiktorssuaq Island
46

Kings Lynn
59

Kiviuq
112

Klengenberg, Christian
125

Knutson, Paul
122

Krossanes
70

Labrador
8
,
68
,
136
,
151
,
156

Lady Ann Strait
97

Lake Winnipeg
118

Landnamabok
30

Lay of the Host of Igor
65

Leif Eiriksson
4
,
42
,
47
,
66
,
68
,
160

Leifsbudir
70–71
,
77

Lemming
92

Leo IX, pope
49

Lewis, Isle of
19
,
144
,
146–147

Lewis chessmen
144

Lindisfarne
19–20
,
23

Gospels
20

Lombardy
15

London
19

Long Island
13

loon
see under
diver, great northern

Lothian
21

Lyon, Captain George Francis
134

MacKenzie Delta
136

MacLeod, Alexander
145

Magellan, Strait of
157

Magnus, king
54

Maine
172

Maine penny
10
,
81–82

Magnus Eiriksson, king
122

Markland
8
,
53
,
69
,
141
,
174

Martha's Vinyard
171

Mary I, queen
154

Masons
2

Massachusetts
172

Matthew
155

Mayflower
158

Meanes, Philip
166

Mecca
155

Mediterranean,
35

Melville Peninsula
136

Mercator, Gerardus
122
,
151
,
169–170

Mercia
175

metallurgy
137

Mexico
137

Middle East
14

Middle Swedish
118

Midwest
105

Minneapolis
129

Minnesota
115
,
124

Minnesota Vikings
129

Mongolians
136

Moss, Edward L
98

Mowat, Farley
115

musk oxen
92–93
,
113

Nadd-Oddur
25

nan Sprot, Calum
144

Nares, Sir George
98

narwhal,
see under
whale

narwhal horn
92–97
,
142–143

Naskeag Point
81

National Museum of Scotland
145

Native American peoples
3
,
10
,
71–73
,
76
,
82
,
118
,
137
,
161

Nantucket Island
171

Naples
15

Narragansett Bay
166

Narragansett Indians
160–165

navigation
24–25

Nelson River
115

ness-taking
32
,
72

New Brunswick
9

New England
8
,
158–159
,
171

New Haven, Connecticut
83

Newfoundland
1
,
4
,
8
,
43
,
68–69
,
76
,
156

Newport
171

Newport Tower
166–170

Newton, Isaac
154

Nicholas, bishop
50

Nicholas III, pope
52
,
55

Nicholas V, pope
59

Nicholas of Lynne
150–153

Nidaros
24
,
43
,
52–53

Nielsen, Richard
118
,
123

Nord
131

Normandy
7
,
14

Norman Lockyer Island
98

Norse pantheon
35

North Pole
89–90
,
98
,
151

North Sea
18

North Water
92–93
,
97

northern renaissance
51

Northumberland
19

Northumbria
19

Northwest passage
2
,
105
,
156–157

Norway
6
,
13
,
18
,
25
,
30
,
35
,
43
,
171
,
174