Wallach's Interpretation of Diagnostic Tests: Pathways to Arriving at a Clinical Diagnosis (1469 page)

BOOK: Wallach's Interpretation of Diagnostic Tests: Pathways to Arriving at a Clinical Diagnosis
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HLA testing
deceased donor transplant
final cross-match
interim antibody screen and cross-match
monthly antibody screening program
new patient testing
posttransplant monitoring
UNET waitlist maintenance and transplant support
United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS)
recipients
initial evaluation
laboratory evaluation

Kidney tumors

juxtaglomerular cell tumor
renal cell carcinoma
wilms tumor

Kimmelstiel–Wilson disease.
See
Diabetic kidney disease

Kinky hair.
See
Menkes syndrome

Klebsiella pneumoniae

UTI

Kleihauer–Betke (acid/elution) test

Rh prophylaxis

Klinefelter syndrome

LAP
testicular disease

KOH.
See
Fungal wet mount

Krabbe disease

17-KS.
See
17-Ketosteroids, urine (17-KS)

L

LA.
See
Lupus anticoagulant (LA)

Labor and delivery time

lamellar body count
lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio
phosphatidylglycerol

Lactate, blood

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)

acute hepatitis phase
in cardiac diseases
CLL
hemoglobinuria
in hematologic diseases
histoplasmosis
lactic acidosis
legionnaires disease
limitations
in liver diseases
in lung diseases
in malignant tumors
in muscle diseases
in renal diseases
ovarian germ cell neoplasms
ovarian sex cord-stromal neoplasms
pancreatitis
pernicious anemia
PK deficiency
PNH
polymyositis and dermatomyositis
primary myelofibrosis
pulmonary embolism
renal infarction
sickle cell disease
trauma
trichinosis
TTP
use
β-thalassemia major

Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes

limitations
patterns in disease conditions
in tissue
use

Lactic acid.
See
Blood lactate

Lactic acidosis

acute liver failure
AG
AML
AST
bicarbonate
BUN
chloride
creatinine
LD
osmolar gap
phosphorus
potassium
serum pH
uric acid
WBC count

Lactoferrin, stool

diarrhea
in IBD
limitations
regional enteritis
use

Lal deficiency.
See
Wolman disease

Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome

Lamellar body count.
See also
Fetal lung maturity (FLM)

Landing disease.
See
GM
1
gangliosidosis

Lanoxin.
See
Digoxin

LAP.
See
Leucine amino peptidase (LAP)

Large cell undifferentiated carcinoma

Larva migrans (cutaneous and visceral)

Laryngotracheitis.
See
Croup

LCDD.
See
Light chain deposition disease (LCDD)

lcSSc.
See
Limited cutaneous scleroderma (lcSSc)

LD.
See
Lactate dehydrogenase (LD)

LDH.
See
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)

LDL-C.
See
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)

Lead (Pb)

poisoning, mean corpuscular volume
screening, intellectual disability

Leakage of fetal blood into maternal circulation, HbF

Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON)

Leber optic atrophy.
See
Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON)

Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency

cholesterol
HDL cholesterol (HDL-C)
TC

Lecithin-to-sphingomyelin (L:S) ratio

during labor and delivery
and lung maturity

Lee-White clotting time.
See
Clotting time

Left ventricular noncompaction

Legionella infection.
See
Legionnaires disease

Legionella
pneumonia

antigen screen
culture (rule out)
laboratory findings
culture
direct antigen detection and serology
molecular testing
urine antigen testing

Legionnaires disease

ALP
AST
bilirubin
gram stain
IFA
LD
WBC count

Leishmania

blood parasite examination
hepatitis viruses

Leishmaniasis

albumin
ESR
globulin
oriental sore

Leptin

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome

Leucine aminopeptidase

anemia
cholestasis
chronic myeloid leukemia
hypophosphatasia
Klinefelter syndrome
leukemoid reaction
myelofibrosis
myeloproliferative neoplasms
trisomy 21

Leukemia (acute/chronic)

adrenal masses
AIHAs
AML.
See
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
B lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma
CEL and HES syndrome
CLL.
See
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
CMML
HbF
HCL
intracerebral hemorrhage
myelogenous leukemia
neutrophilia
neutrophilic leukemia
PLL leukemia, B-and T-cell
priapism
T-ALL
T-LGL
thrombophilia

Leukemic involvement of CNS

Leukemoid reaction

Döhle bodies
LAP

Leukemoid reactions

Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP)

CMl
pancreas carcinoma
PNH
primary myelofibrosis

Leukocytes, Fecal.
See
Fecal leukocytes examination

Leukocytosis

cryoglobulins
white cell count

Leukopenia, pernicious anemia

Leukoreduction, blood component therapy

Leukorrhea, vaginitis

LH.
See
Luteinizing hormone (LH)

LHCDD.
See
Light and heavy chain deposition disease (LHCDD)

LHON.
See
Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON)

Light and heavy chain deposition disease (LHCDD)

lymphoma
PCM
Rouleaux formation
serum free light chain immunoassay

Light chain deposition disease (LCDD)

ILCA
myeloma kidney

Light transmittance aggregometry (LTA).
See
Platelet function assays, in vitro

Likelihood ratios (LRs)

Limited cutaneous scleroderma (lcSSc)

Lipase

pancreas carcinoma
pancreatitis
serum

Lipid metabolism disorders

abetalipoproteinemia
acid lipase deficiencies
atherogenic dyslipidemia
atherosclerosis
familial combined hyperlipidemia
familial dysbetalipoproteinemia
familial hypercholesterolemia
familial hypertriglyceridemia
high HDL-C lipidemia
hyperalphalipoproteinemia
hypertriglyceridemia
hypobetalipoproteinemia
lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency
low HDL-C lipidemia
metabolic syndrome
polygenic hypercholesterolemia
Tangier disease

Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase.
See
β-Trace protein

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