Wallach's Interpretation of Diagnostic Tests: Pathways to Arriving at a Clinical Diagnosis (785 page)

BOOK: Wallach's Interpretation of Diagnostic Tests: Pathways to Arriving at a Clinical Diagnosis
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   Urine confirmation assays typically target
only
THC-COOH; limit of detection/quantitation is 5–15 ng/mL
   GC/MS: selected ion -monitoring mode for quantitative analysis of serum, plasma for THC, 11-OH-THC, THC-COOH; limits of quantitation: 1–5 ng/mL.
   LC/MSn (multiple MS).
   Multiple reaction–monitoring mode for qualitative or quantitative analysis of THC, 11-OH-THC, THC-COOH
   Limits of detection/quantitation: 0.5–5 ng/mL
CARBON DIOXIDE, TOTAL
   Definition
   Total carbon dioxide consists of carbon dioxide (CO
2
) in solution or bound to proteins, bicarbonate (HCO
3

), carbonate (CO
3
2−
), and carbonic acid (H
2
CO
3
). In practice, 80–90% is present as HCO
3

and is a general guide to the body’s buffering capacity. It is usually measured with electrolytes as a panel.
   
Normal range:
   0–2 years: 20–25 mmol/L
   2–16 years: 22–28 mmol/L
   >16 years: 24–32 mmol/L
   Use
   To evaluate the total CO
3
2−
buffering system in the body as well as the acid– base balance

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