War: What is it good for? (95 page)

Vinland,
155

Violence and the Social Orders
(North, Wallis, and Weingast),
206

violent death, rates of,
10
,
336
–
40
; in ancient world,
33
,
50
,
67
,
71
–
72
,
98
,
109
–
11
,
322
,
337
; decline in,
8
,
15
,
24
,
47
–
48
,
154
,
168
,
236
,
321
–
23
,
333
,
336
; imperialism and,
201
,
202
,
226
, 229–233; in Middle Ages,
130
,
138
,
146
–
47
,
321
–
22
; in Nazi Germany,
23
,
269
–
70
; in Stone Age and small-group societies,
13
,
58
,
59
,
75
,
84
; in United States,
332

Vishnugupta,
see
Kavtilya

volleying,
183
,
186
–
88
,
192
,
213

Vrijji clans,
108

Vulture Stele,
90
,
91

wages, iron law of,
216

Wales,
396
n

Wallis, John,
206

“War” (Whitfield and Starr),
6
,
17
,
54
,
282
,
287
,
328
,
333
,
377
,
395
n

War, Peace, and Human Nature
(Fry),
15

War Before Civilization
(Keeley),
13

War in Human Civilization
(Gat),
14
,
18

Wari,
68

warlords,
32
,
119
,
120
,
132
,
140
,
151
,
350

“War Pigs” (Black Sabbath),
20

Washington, George,
211
,
214

wastelands,
47
,
60
,
106
,
168
,
227
,
229
,
232
; after Roman battles,
28
,
29
,
32
–
33
,
38
,
44
,
111
; after World War II,
267
,
271

Watergate scandal,
285

Waterloo, Battle of,
215

wealth,
137
,
140
,
144
,
210
,
335
,
341
,
386
; in ancient empires,
33
,
39
,
72
,
74
,
97
,
98
,
118
,
336
; computerization and,
387
; imperialism and,
180
,
203
–
207
,
238
–
40
,
268
,
337
–
38
; loss of, in stock market crash,
259
; in lucky latitudes,
133
,
142
; of Middle Eastern oil states,
348
,
352
; of United States,
278
,
333
–
34
,
338
,
392

Wealth of Nations, The
(Smith),
138
,
205
,
208

weapons,
31
,
102
,
122
,
150
,
152
,
197
,
244
,
340
; bronze,
92
,
98
–
99
,
101
,
106
,
158
–
59
,
336
; buried with corpses,
13
,
35
–
36
,
72
,
102
; chemical,
284
,
377
; computerized,
286
,
326
,
329
(see also
drones); edged,
66
,
174
,
175
(see also
swords); iron,
101
–
102
,
105
–
106
,
154
,
232
; of mass destruction,
85
(see also
nuclear weapons); Mesoamerican,
156
,
160
; Native American,
62
; protohuman,
307
,
313
,
316
; robotic,
374
–
75
,
377
; Stone Age,
82
; in World War I,
252
,
265
;
see also
firearms;
specific types of weapons

Weingast, Barry,
206

Wei Zhuang,
141
–
42

Wells, H. G.,
379
; “The Land Ironclads,”
249

West Africa,
196
,
203

Western way of war,
82
,
104
,
108
,
336
,
337
; fallacy of concept of,
65
–
66
,
120
,
174
–
75
,
252
,
388

West Germany,
276
–
77
,
284
,
328
,
330
,
354
,
355

White Rajahs,
167

Whitfield, Norman,
395
n

Why Nations Fail
(Acemoglu and Robinson),
232

Why the West Rules—for Now
(Morris),
20
,
75
,
109
,
203
,
378
,
381

Wilhelm II, Kaiser of Germany,
244
,
245
,
251
,
254
,
255
,
264
,
359
,
392

William the Conqueror,
135
,
139

William Louis, Count of Nassau,
186
,
186
–
87

Williams, John,
60

Wilson, Woodrow,
257

Winning the War on War
(Goldstein),
15

Wolfe, Thomas,
406
n

World Bank,
334
,
363

World Until Yesterday, The
(Diamond),
15

World War I,
13
,
235
–
38
,
244
–
55
,
259
,
268
,
324
,
338
; artillery bombardments in,
273
; death toll of,
14
,
235
–
36
,
267
,
271
; financing of,
23
,
271
; Hitler's strategy influenced by,
264
–
66
; outbreak of,
10

World War II,
19
,
53
,
54
,
264
–
71
,
278
,
324
,
338
; death toll of,
13
,
14
,
236
,
238
,
266
–
67
,
270
,
271
,
273
,
369
; financing of,
23
,
271
–
72
; Indian army in,
224
; outbreak of,
10
,
12
,
259
,
265
–
66

Wrangham, Richard,
290
,
302
,
308
–
309
,
318

Wudi, Emperor of China
118
,
120

Xiangyang,
144

Xinjiang,
183

Xiongnu nomads,
118
–
21
,
130

Xiphilinos, Ioannis,
399
n

Xuanquan,
116

Yamato (Japan),
151

Yang Xuanzhi,
139
–
40

Yangzi Delta,
184

Yangzi Valley,
169
,
176

Yanomami,
55
–
60
,
81
,
84
,
139
,
290

yellow fever,
196
,
220

Yemen,
153
,
349
,
372

Yerkes, Robert,
305

Yin Shang,
69

York, Duke of,
191

Yorktown, British surrender at,
213

Young Bengal Movement,
231

Younger Dryas age,
76
n

Yuezhi peoples,
120
–
21

Yugoslavia,
40

Yunnan,
115

Zhao, state of,
105
–
106

Zhejiang,
115

Zheng, King of Qin,
see
Shihuangdi, First Emperor

Zheng He,
178

Zhou tribes,
97

Zhu Yuanzhang,
169
–
70

Zulus,
219
,
221
,
222

ALSO BY IAN MORRIS