What Mad Pursuit (25 page)

Howard, Alan

Hoyle, Frederick

Hubel, David

Hughes, Arthur

Huxley, Andrew

Hydrodynamics

Hydrogen

Hydrogen bond

Hydroxyproline

Induction, gene

Infection, bacterial

Ingram, Vernon

Inheritance: blending; genetic basis of; Mendelian; particulate

Insects, gradients in cuticle of

Institut Pasteur

Insulin

Integer axes, α helix and

Integer screw, α helix and

International Congress of Biochemistry, First

Interpeak distances, in electron density map

Introns

Ions: exchange columns; movement of in giant axon of squid; sodium

Isomorphous replacement

Isotope separation

Itano, Harvey

Jackson, Mick

Jacob, François

Jenkin, Fleeming

Judson, Horace Freeland

Karle, Jerome

Keller, Walter

Kendrew, John; α helix and; myoglobin and

Keratin, X-ray diagrams of

Keynes, Richard

Khorana, Gobind

Kieckhefer Foundation

King's College, London

Klug, Aaron

Kornberg, Arthur

Kornberg, Roger

Kornberg enzyme

Kreisel, Georg

La Jolla, California

Lattice, crystal

Lawrence, Peter

Lea, D. A.

Lederberg, Joshua

Lennox, Edward

Lerman, Leonard

Leucine

LeVay, Simon

Levine, Phoebus

Life Itself
(Crick)

Life Story
(movie)

Light: microscopy; ultraviolet; wavelength of visible

Linguistics, modern

Linking number

Linnean Society

Lipmann, Fritz

Locke, Michael

London

Luria, Salva

Luzzati, Vittorio

Lysenko

Lysozymes: chick; egg white; guinea fowl; phage; tear drop

McCarty, Maclyn

McClelland, Jay

MacLeod, Colin

MacLeod, Donald

Macroevolution

Macromolecules

Maddox, John

Magnetic ore, phagocytosis of by chick fibroblasts

Magnetism

Magnetron

Magnification, genetic

Mandler, George

Mapping, gene

Mark, Herman

Markham, Roy

Marr, David

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Massey, H. S. W.

Mathematics

Maxwell, James Clerk

Maxwell's equations

Medawar, Peter

Medical Research Council (MRC)

Medicine, Nobel Prize for

Mee, Arthur

Mellanby, Sir Edward

Memory

Mendel, Gregor.
see also
Genetics Mercury

Meselson, Matt

Metabolism, cellular

Methionine

Methyl (CH
₃
) groups

Microevolution

Microscopy

Mind into Matter
(Delbrück)

Mines, noncontact

Minton, John

Mirsky, Alfred

Mr. Tompkins Explores the Atom
(Gamow)

Mitchell, Peter

Mitchison, Graeme

Mitchison, Murdoch

Mitochondria

Models: Astbury's keratin; behavioral; Bragg's, Kendrew's, and Perutz's α helix; brain; of chemical molecules; of DNA structure; giant axon potential in squid; good biological; neural net; Pauling's α helix; Penroses's gene replication; polypeptide backbone; side-by-side DNA structure; three-chain DNA; Watson and Crick's DNA structure

Molecular biology; and borderline between living and nonliving; brief outline of classical; chemical structure of gene as central problem of; theory in

Molecular psychology

Molecules: adaptor; approximate size of; chemical; handedness of; King's College biophysics research and; as parasites; tRNA

Molteno Institute

Monkeys, visual system in

Monoclonal antibodies

Monod, Jacques

Monomers;
see also specific monomers

Montefiore, Hugh

Moore, Ruth

Morse code

Mott, Professor Neville

Muller, Hermann

Muscle, biophysics of

Mutations: acridine; amino acids and; amino acid string alterations; beneficial; deleterious; deletions; distributions; double; gene; genetic diversity and; leaky; multiple; nonleaky; nonsense; phenotype; point; proflavin; quadruple; random; rate; during replication; revertant; single; suppressors; triple; viral; wild-type;
see also
Gene(s), Genetic code, Genetics

Mutons

Myoglobin; heavy atoms added to; structure of; three-dimensional structure of

Mutons

Natural selection: appearance of planned design due to; biological replication and; brain as product of; contem­porary acceptance of; contemporary understanding of; as cumulative process; fair criticisms of; evolution and; genetic diversity and; power of; randomness of; rate of; remarkable structures built by; role of environment in; selective pressures and; selfish DNA and; sex and; theory of; unplanned nature of

Natural Theology
(Paley)

Nature

Nauta, Walle

Nematodes

Neocortex

Nerve cells

NetTalk

Neural nets

Neuroanatomy

Neurobiology

Neurons

Neurophilosophy
(Churchland)

Neurophysiology

Neurospora crassa

Neutron, discovery of

Newtonian mechanics

Nicholson, William

Nirenberg, Marshall

Nitrogen; atomic

NMDA, receptor for glutamate

Nobel Prize

Noninteger screw, α helix and

Nucleic acids: molecular structures of; tetranucleotide hypothesis and; ultraviolet light absorption by;
see also
DNA; RNA

Nucleoproteins

Nucleosomes

Nucleotides; acridines between; DNA; looped out; number of in human cell; order of; RNA; sequences of; tautomeric nature of; triplets;
see also
. Base pairs;
specific nucleotides

Nucleus, cellular

Occam's razor

Occlusion

"Ode on a Grecian Urn" (Keats)

Olby, Robert

Omissions

"On Degenerate Templates and the Adaptor Hypothesis" (Crick)

One gene-one enzyme hypothesis

Ontogeny

Orgel, Leslie; error-correcting device in DNA replication and; extraterrestrial intelligence interests of; genetic code work of; paper on comma-free code; paper on triplet code

Origin of Species, The
(Darwin)

Overlapping,
see
Triplets

Oxford University;
see also specific colleges

Oxygen

PaJaMo experiment

Paley, William

Pancreas, function of

Panspermia, directed

Parallel distributed processing (PDP)

Parallel Distributed Processing
(Rumelhart and McClelland)

Parasitic DNA

Pardee, Arthur

Paris

Particulate inheritance

Path to the Double Helix, The
(Olby)

Patterson, Lindo

Patterson density map

Pauling, Linus; and α helix; and hemoglobin; hydrogen bond and; importance of to molecular biology; and sickle-cell anemia; and vitamin C

Pauling, Peter

Penicillin

Penrose, Lionel

Penrose, Roger

Peptide bonds, planar in α helix

Perception: scientific study of; utilitarian theory of

Periodic table

Perutz, Max; and α helix; and hemoglobin; movie characterization of; and protein structure

Peterhouse College

Phage Group

Phages; DNA; genetics; lysozyme;
see also
Bacteriophages

Phagocytosis, of magnetic ore by chick fibroblasts

Phase sequence

Phase shift

Phenotype

Phenylalanine

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society

Phosphate groups

Photoreceptors

Physical chemistry; α helix and

Physics; difference of from biology; entry of into biology

Physiology; Nobel Prize for

Pigott-Smith, Tim

Plane groups

Plants: extant species; viruses

Plaques: bacterial; mutants; picking of; wild-type

Pneumococcus, transforming factor of

Poggio, Tomaso

Pohl, William

Poisson distributions

Polymers;
see also specific polymers

Polypeptide chains; backbone of; basic chemical formula for; chemistry of synthesis; cutting of by trypsin; folding; NH group donors; nonsense sites; repeats; side-chains; synthesis;
see also
Polypeptides; Proteins

Polypeptides;
see also
Polypeptide chains; Proteins

Polyphenylalanine

Polysaccharide coat, of gene

Princeton University

Probability of God, The
(Montefiore)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Proceedings of the Royal Society

Proflavin

Protamines

Proteins: amino acid residues in; amino acid sequences in; collagen; denatured; distinct types of; DNA coding for; enzymes as; fibrous; fingerprinting; folding; function dependent on three-dimensional structure; gene determination of; as genetic material in; transforming factor; globular; as nucleoprotein constituent; RNA coding for; shape; sizes; structure; symmetry elements; synthesis; three-dimensional structure; X- ray diffraction patterns of;
see also specific proteins

Psychology; behaviorism and; molecular; parallel distributed processing and; of vision

Psychophysics; of vision

Purines

Putnam, Frank

Pyrimidines

Quantum electrodynamics

Quantum mechanics

Quarks

r
_II
gene

Radar, military applications of

Ramachandran, V. S.

Randall, John

Reagan, Ronald

Recombinant DNA

Recons

Red blood cells

Reductionism

Reflection

Relativity

Religion, incompatibility with some scientific beliefs

REM sleep

Replication: cellular; DNA; error rate per step of; exact; gene; geometrical nature of; mutation and; RNA; semiconservative model of; template concept of

Repression, gene

Retroviruses

Revertants

Ribonucleic acid,
see
RNA

Ribose

Ribosomes: gene production of after transfer; protein synthesis on; RNA in

Rich, Alex; Biochemical Congress at Moscow (1961) and; collagen work by; DNA structure work by; genetic code work by; RNA Tie Club and

Riley, Monica

RNA: bacterial cell; base pairs; bases; base sequences; coding for proteins; cytoplasmic; export to cytoplasm; our-letter language of; fractionation of tRNA; intermediate in protein synthesis; length of presence on Earth of; messenger (mRNA); mutation rate per effective base pair; as nucleoprotein constituent; replication; retroviruses; ribosomal (rRNA); shape; single-stranded; sizes of; structure; synthesis; as template; transfer (tRNA); viruses; Volkin-Astrachan

RNA Tie Club

Rock crystals

Rockefeller Institute

Rosenberg, Charles

Rotation: angles of; axes

Rothschild, Lord Victor

Royal Institution

Royal Society

Rumelhart, David

Russian Atomic Energy Research estab­lishment

Rutherford, Ernest; and α helix

Salk, Jonas

Salk Institute for Biological Studies

Sanger, Frederick

Schroedinger, Erwin

Scientific American

Screw axis, α helix

Search, The
(Snow)

Sejnowski, Terry

Selfish DNA

Selfish Gene, The
(Dawkins)

Semiconservative model of DNA replication

Sequence hypothesis

Sequences: amino acid; base; complementary; DNA; phase of

Sexual reproduction, natural selection and

Shape-from-shading

Shaw, Gordon

Shrinkage states

Sickle-cell anemia, as molecular disease

Side-by-side hypothesis of DNA structure

Side-chains; charges on; DNA and RNA as templates for; hydrogen atom; methyl group; total number known

Silica

Silicon chips

Slow viruses

Snow, C. P.

Society for Experimental Biology (Lon­don)

Sodium chloride

Sodium ion

Space groups

Spatial repeat unit

Speciation, genetics of

Sperm

Splicing, gene

Squid, ion movement in giant axon of

Stanford University

Stars; evolution of

Stereopsis

Stent, Gunther

Stevenson, Juliet

Stokes, A. R.

STOP codon

Strangeways Laboratory

Streisinger, George

Sugar

Sumner, James

Suppressors: FC series; internal; mutants; P series

Sutherland, Stuart

Symmetry

Synge, Dick

Szent-Györgyi, Albert

Szent-Györgyi, Andrew

Szilard, Leo

Tamm, Igor

Tatum, Edward; bacterial genetics work by

Tautomeric forms

Tears, human, lysozyme in

Temin, Howard

Template concept of DNA replication

Tendons

Tetranucleotide hypothesis

Theology

Thermal energy

Thermal motion

Thom, René

Thomson, J. J.

Thymine

Tissue culture techniques

Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV)

Topoisomerase II

Topology

Transitions

Transversions

Triplet code

Triplets, nucleotide; chain terminator; nonoverlapping; nonsense; overlapping; sense

Trypsin

Tryptophan