Women in Dark Times (42 page)

 
    
3
    Virginia Woolf,
Three Guineas
, 1938 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992), p. 313.

 
    
4
    Ibid., p. 273.

 
    
5
    Ahdaf Soueif,
Cairo, My City, Our Revolution
(London: Bloomsbury, 2012),
p. 7.

 
    
6
    Ben Quinn, ‘Facebook campaign hero sparks TV support’,
Guardian
, 8 February 2011.

 
    
7
    Luxemburg to Jogiches, 17 May 1898,
Letters
,
p. 41.

 
    
8
    Wendell Steavenson, ‘Letter from Cairo: Two Revolutions – What has Egypt’s transition meant for its women?’,
The New Yorker
, 12 November 2012.

 
    
9
    Ibid.

 
  
10
    Patrick Cockburn, ‘Hazards of Revolution’,
London Review of Books
, 36:1, January 2014.

 
  
11
    Marwan Bishara, author of
The Invisible Arab: The Promise and Peril of the Arab Revolution
(New York: Nation, 2012), in discussion, Middle East Institute, Columbia University, 16 February 2012.

 
  
12
    Luxemburg to Luise Kautsky, 24 November 1917,
Letters
, p. 452.

 
  
13
    Luxemburg, ‘The Russian Revolution’, p. 69; see also
Reader
,
p. 305.

 
  
14
    Ettinger,
Rosa Luxemburg
,
p. 28.

 
  
15
    Ibid., p. 80.

 
  
16
    Hannah Arendt, ‘Rosa Luxemburg: 1871–1919’,
Men in Dark Times
(London: Jonathan Cape, 1970; Pelican edition, 1973), p. 50.

 
  
17
    Rosa Luxemburg, ‘The Crisis in German Social Democracy (The Junius Pamphlet)’ (New York: Socialist Publications, 1919), p. 127; see also
Reader
, p. 340.

 
  
18
    Cited in Nettl,
Rosa Luxemburg
, p. 323.

 
  
19
    Ibid., p. 518.

 
  
20
    Luxemburg to Jogiches, 1 November 1905,
Letters
, p. 216.

 
  
21
    Luxemburg to Luise and Karl Kautsky, 13 March 1906,
Letters
, p. 230.

 
  
22
    Luxemburg to Emanuel and Mathilde Wurm, 18 July 1906, cited in Nettl,
Rosa Luxemburg
, p. 246.

 
  
23
    Luxemburg to Luise and Karl Kautsky, 13 March 1906,
Letters
, p. 230.

 
  
24
    Luxemburg to Mathilde Wurm, 28 December 1916,
Letters
, p. 363.

 
  
25
    Ibid., emphasis original.

 
  
26
    Ibid.

 
  
27
    Zetkin,
Selected Writings
, p. 156.

 
  
28
    Luxemburg to Adolf Warski, end November or beginning December 1918,
Letters
, p. 484.

 
  
29
    Ettinger,
Rosa Luxemburg
,
p. 226.

 
  
30
    Rosa Luxemburg,
Letters from Prison to Sophie Liebknecht
(Berlin: Schoenberg, 1921), trans. Eden and Cedar Paul (London: Socialist Book Centre, 1946).

 
  
31
    Luxemburg, ‘The Russian Revolution’, p. 25; see also
Reader
,
p. 281.

 
  
32
    Ettinger,
Rosa Luxemburg
, p. 196.

 
  
33
    Luxemburg, ‘The Russian Revolution’, p. 30; see also
Reader
, p. 284.

 
  
34
    Rosa Luxemburg,
The Mass Strike
, 1906, introduction by Tony Cliff (London: Bookmarks, 1986), p. 54; see also
Reader,
p. 198.

 
  
35
    Luxemburg, ‘Organisational Questions of Russian Social Democracy’, p. 302; see also
Reader
, p. 256.

 
  
36
    Luxemburg, ‘The Russian Revolution’, p. 71; see also
Reader
, p. 306.

 
  
37
    Ibid.

 
  
38
    Nettl,
Rosa Luxemburg
, p. 90.

 
  
39
    Luxemburg, ‘The Russian Revolution’, p. 58; see also
Reader
, pp. 299–300.

 
  
40
    Luxemburg, ‘The Russian Revolution’, p. 77; see also
Reader
, p. 308.

 
  
41
    Ettinger,
Rosa Luxemburg
, p. 148; Luxemburg to Franz Mehring, 10 February 1913,
Letters
, p. 324.

 
  
42
    Luxemburg, ‘The Russian Revolution’, p. 62; see also
Reader
, p. 302.

 
  
43
    Luxemburg, ‘The Russian Revolution’, p. 60; see also
Reader
, p. 301.

 
  
44
    Ibid.

 
  
45
    Luxemburg to Hans Diefenbach, 29 June 1917,
Letters
, p. 425.

 
  
46
    Luxemburg,
Mass Strike
,
p. 15.

 
  
47
    Luxemburg, ‘The Russian Revolution’, p. 71; see also
Reader
, p.307.

 
  
48
    Luxemburg, ‘The Russian Revolution’, p. 71; see also
Reader
, p. 306.

 
  
49
    Luxemburg,
Mass Strike
,
p. 33; see also
Reader
, p. 181.

 
  
50
    Luxemburg, ‘A Tactical Question’, 1902; see also
Reader
, p. 235.

 
  
51
    For example, ‘Thereupon there began a spontaneous general shaking of and tugging at these chains’, Luxemburg,
Mass Strike
, p. 33; ‘The element of spontaneity, as we have seen, plays a great part in all Russian mass strikes without exception’, Luxemburg,
Mass Strike
, p. 54; see also
Reader
,
p. 198.

 
  
52
    Tony Cliff,
Rosa Luxemburg
, 1959 (London: Bookmarks, 1983),
p. 45.

 
  
53
    Rich is writing about the study of Luxemburg by the modern Russian feminist thinker Raya Dunayevskaya, who made the first case for Luxemburg as socialist feminist for today. Adrienne Rich, ‘Raya Dunayevskaya’s Marx’,
Arts of the Possible
(New York: Norton, 2001), p. 85.

 
  
54
    Arendt,
The Origins of Totalitarianism
, p. 455.

 
  
55
    Luxemburg, ‘The Russian Revolution’, p. 70; see also
Reader
, p. 306.

 
  
56
    Max Rodenbeck, ‘Volcano of rage’,
New York Review of Books
, 24 March 2011.

 
  
57
    Michael Parsons, ‘Psychoanalysis and Faith’, unpublished paper presented at the Delphi International Psychoanalytic Symposium, October 2008.

 
  
58
    Luxemburg, ‘Organisational Questions of Russian Social Democracy’,
Marxism in Russia
, p. 309; see also
Reader
,
p. 265.

 
  
59
    Rosa Luxemburg, ‘Theory and Practice’, 1910, trans. David Wolff (London: News and Letters, 1980), Part 2, ‘Die Theorie und die Praxis’, 1910; see also
Reader
,
p. 221.

 
  
60
    Luxemburg to Aleksandr N. Potresov, 7 August 1904,
Letters
, p. 171 (emphasis original).

 
  
61
    Luxemburg, ‘Organisational Questions of Russian Social Democracy’,
Marxism in Russia
,
p. 309; see also
Reader
,
p. 265.

 
  
62
    Jacques Lacan,
Les non dupes errent
, Seminar 21, 1973–4 (unpublished).

 
  
63
    Luxemburg to Luise Kautsky, 26 January 1917,
Letters
, p. 369.

 
  
64
    Ibid.

 
  
65
    Rosa Luxemburg, ‘The Historical Conditions of Accumulation’,
The Accumulation of Capital
, 1910 (London: Routledge, 2003), pp. 324, 356 (Luxemburg is citing Marx); see also
Reader
, pp. 45, 67.

 
  
66
    Luxemburg, ‘The Historical Conditions of Accumulation’,
The Accumulation of Capital
, p. 350;
Reader
, p. 64. In
Philosophia – The Thought of Rosa Luxemburg, Simone Weil and Hannah Arendt
(London: Routledge, 1994), Andrea Nye argues that this work challenged not just Marxist theories of capital accumulation but ‘the foundations of economic science’, p. 34.

 
  
67
    Luxemburg, ‘The Historical Conditions of Accumulation’,
The Accumulation of Capital
, p. 338; see also
Reader
, pp. 55–6.

 
  
68
    Luxemburg, ‘Slavery’,
Reader
, p. 114.

 
  
69
    Luxemburg, ‘The Dissolution of Primitive Communism’, 1908,
Reader
, p. 103.

 
  
70
    Georg Lukács,
History and Class Consciousness – Studies in Marxist Dialectics
, trans. Rodney Livingstone
(London: Merlin, 1971), pp. 32–3.

 
  
71
    Luxemburg, ‘Martinique’, 1902,
Reader
,
p. 123.

 
  
72
    Ibid., p. 124.

 
  
73
    Ibid., p. 125.

 
  
74
    Ibid., p. 123.

 
  
75
    Luxemburg, ‘Slavery’,
Reader
, p. 122.

 
  
76
    Ibid.

 
  
77
    Ettinger,
Rosa Luxemburg
,
p. 22.

 
  
78
    Nettl,
Rosa Luxemburg
, p. 226.

 
  
79
    Luxemburg, ‘Crisis in German Social Democracy’; see also
Reader
, p. 331.

 
  
80
    Luxemburg, ‘Organisational Questions of Russian Social Democracy’, p. 301; see also
Reader,
p. 255.

 
  
81
    Ibid.

 
  
82
    Ettinger, ed.,
Comrade and Lover
, p. 76; see also
Reader
, pp. 381–2.

 
  
83
    Luxemburg, ‘The Russian Revolution’, p. 69; see also
Reader
, p. 305.

 
  
84
    Hannah Arendt, ‘On Humanity in Dark Times: Thoughts About Lessing’,
Men in Dark Times
, p. 16.

 
  
85
    Luxemburg to Kostya Zetkin, 24 September 1907,
Letters
, p. 245; see also Arendt, ‘On Humanity in Dark Times’, p. 17.