A History of the End of the World (47 page)

11.
Quoted in Ehrman,
Jesus,
17.

12.
Tertullian, quoted in Greenslade,
Schism,
110.

13.
Rev. 21:9, 21:10, 21:18, 21:19 (RSV).

14.
Rev. 11:8 (KJV).

15.
Quoted in Brian E. Daley, “Apocalypticism in Early Christian Theology,” in McGinn,
Apocalypticism,
11–12.

16.
Quoted in Brian E. Daley, “Apocalypticism in Early Christian Theology,” in McGinn,
Apocalypticism,
11.

17.
Malone,
Women and Christian ity,
1:113.

18.
P. Hughes, quoted in Festinger, Riecken, and Schachter,
When Prophecy Fails,
6–7 (adapted).

19.
Brian E. Daley, “Apocalypticism in Early Christian Theology,” in McGinn,
Apocalypticism,
7.

20.
Fox,
Jesus in America,
253 (referring to “Protestant millennialists” such as Seventh-day Adventists and Jehovah’s Witnesses).

21.
Rev. 17:4 (RSV).

22.
Rev. 2:24 (NKJ).

23.
Matt. 22:21 (RSV).

24.
Rom. 13:1 (NKJ).

25.
Eusebius, “The Oration of Eusebius Pamphilus in Praise of the Emperor Constantine,” in Schaff and Wace,
Eusebius,
584.

26.
Rev. 17:5 (RSV). (John refers here to “Babylon,” a term that is understood to refer to Rome); Rev. 14:8 (KJV).

27.
McGinn,
Visions of the End,
25.

28.
Quoted in Smith,
Constantine the Great,
201.

29.
Rev. 1:1 (KJV).

30.
Paula Fredriksen, “Tyconius and Augustine on the Apocalypse,” in Emmerson and McGinn,
Apocalypse,
20–21.

31.
Dan. 12:11, 12:12 (NKJ).

32.
Dan. 12:10 (JPS).

33.
Matt. 24:15–16 (NKJ).

34.
Matt. 24:19–21 (RSV; adapted).

35.
Matt. 24:7 (KJV).

36.
Mark 8:38 (KJV).

37.
Mark 9:1 (RSV). (See also Mark 13:30, 14:62.)

38.
Matt. 24:34 (RSV).

39.
1 Thess. 4:16–17 (NKJ; adapted).

40.
McGinn,
Visions of the End,
11.

41.
2 Thess. 1–2, 3 (RSV).

42.
Mark 13:7 (NKJ; adapted).

43.
Mark 13:22 (RSV).

44.
Mark: 13:21, 13:32 (NKJ; adapted).

45.
Rowley,
Relevance of Apocalyptic,
119.

46.
Quoted in Fallon, “Gnostic Apocalypses,” 143.

47.
Adela Yarbro Collins, “Revelation, Book of,” in Freedman,
Anchor Bible Dictionary,
5:695.

48.
Yarbro Collins, “Revelation, Book of,” in Freedman,
Anchor Bible Dictionary,
5:695.

49.
Quoted in Schüssler Fiorenza,
Book of Revelation,
87.

50.
Adela Yarbro Collins, “Revelation, Book of,” in Freedman,
Anchor Bible Dictionary,
5:706, quoting Eusebius,
Hist. Eccl
. 725.

51.
Adela Yarbro Collins, “Early Christian,” in “Apocalypses and Apocalypticism,” in Freedman,
Anchor Bible Dictionary,
1:290.

52.
Quoted in Colwell,
Study of the Bible,
21–22.

53.
Colwell,
Study of the Bible,
34.

54.
Colwell,
Study of the Bible,
32, 35.

55.
Quoted in Colwell,
Study of the Bible,
35 (adapted).

56.
Quoted in Bernard McGinn, “Revelation,” in Alter and Kermode,
Literary Guide,
529.

57.
Ellul,
Apocalypse,
1977, 9–10 (adapted).

58.
Akenson,
Surpassing Wonder,
226–27.

59.
Rev. 11:2 (NKJ; “tread the holy city underfoot”); Rev. 11:3–4, 11:7 (RSV; “the beast that ascends”).

60.
Rev. 11:13 (RSV).

61.
Rev. 11:8 (RSV).

62.
Rev. 17:7 (NKJ).

63.
Rev. 1:20 (NKJ).

64.
Brian E. Daley, “Apocalypticism in Early Christian Theology,” in McGinn,
Apocalypticism,
6.

65.
Quoted in Boyer,
When Time Shall Be,
47.

66.
Paula Fredriksen, “Tyconius and Augustine on the Apocalypse,” in Emmerson and McGinn,
Apocalypse,
21.

67.
Bernard McGinn, “Revelation,” in Alter and Kermode,
Literary Guide,
528 (“moral conflict…”); Augustine,
City of God,
XX:7, 719 (“ridiculous fancies”).

68.
Bernard McGinn, “Revelation,” in Alter and Kermode,
Literary Guide,
528, referring to
City of God
, XX:7 and XX:9.

69.
Paula Fredriksen, “Tyconius and Augustine on the Apocalypse,” in Emmerson and McGinn,
Apocalypse,
35.

70.
Quoted in Robert E. Lerner, “Millennialism,” in McGinn,
Apocalypticism,
328 (adapted).

71.
Adapted from Augustine,
City of God,
XX:7, 719, and a quoted passages from
City of God
that appears in “Tyconius and Augustine on the Apocalypse,” by Paula Fredriksen, in Emmerson and McGinn,
Apocalypse,
29.

72.
Augustine,
City of God,
XX:7, 719 (adapted).

73.
Augustine,
City of God,
XX:17, 736.

74.
Quoted in “The Medieval Return to the Thousand-Year Sabbath, in Emmerson and McGinn,
Apocalypse,
52.

75.
Augustine,
City of God,
XX:7, 720.

76.
Augustine,
City of God,
XX:11, 729.

77.
Paula Fredriksen, “Tyconius and Augustine on the Apocalypse,” in Emmerson and McGinn,
Apocalypse,
34 (“radical agnosticism”); Robert E. Lerner, “The Medieval Return to the Thousand-Year Sabbath,” in Emmerson and McGinn,
Apocalypse,
60 n. 29 (“eschatological uncertainty principle”).

78.
Augustine,
City of God
, XX:20, 742 (referring specifically to the resurrection of the dead).

79.
Robert E. Lerner, “Millennialism,” in McGinn,
Apocalypticism,
356.

80.
Bernard McGinn, “The Last Judgment in Christian Tradition,” in McGinn,
Apocalypticism,
378.

81.
Paula Fredriksen, “Tyconius and Augustine on the Apocalypse,” in Emmerson and McGinn,
Apocalypse,
35.

82.
Rev. 17:9 (KJV).

83.
1 John 2:18 (NKJ; adapted).

84.
Rev. 12:9 (RSV).

85.
Rev. 13:2, 13:8 (RSV; adapted).

86.
Rev. 13:18 (KJV).

87.
Rev. 17:8 (KJV).

88.
Rev. 13:3 (RSV).

89.
Quoted in Ladd,
Revelation of John,
233 (adapted).

90.
Quoted in Brian E. Daley, “Apocalypticism in Early Christian Theology,” in McGinn,
Apocalypticism,
23.

91.
Quoted in Brian E. Daley, “Apocalypticism in Early Christian Theology,” in McGinn,
Apocalypticism,
23 (adapted).

92.
Paula Fredriksen, “Tyconius and Augustine on the Apocalypse,” in Emmerson and McGinn,
Apocalypticism,
30.

93.
Rev. 6:12 (KJV; adapted).

94.
Quoted in Robert E. Lerner, “The Medieval Return to the Thousand-Year Sabbath,” in Emmerson and McGinn,
Apocalypticism,
52.

95.
Dan. 12:7 (KJV).

96.
Rev. 12:14, 12:6, 11:3, 13:5.

97.
Ps. 90:4 (KJV).

98.
2 Pet. 3:8 (KJV).

99.
Quoted in John Williams, “Purpose and Imagery in the Apocalypse Commentary of Beatus of Liébana,” in Emmerson and McGinn,
Apocalypse,
225.

100.
Bernard McGinn, “The Last Judgment in Christian Tradition,” in McGinn,
Apocalypticism,
379.

101.
Rev. 21:16 (KJV).

102.
John 2:21 (KJV).

103.
Schüssler Fiorenza,
Apocalypse,
8. Schüssler Fiorenza specifically refers to the fact that “the author speaks of divine wrath and fierce revenge but not of God’s love and grace.”

104.
Quoted in Robert E. Lerner, “The Medieval Return to the Thousand-Year Sabbath,” in Emmerson and McGinn,
Apocalypse,
4 (“The saints will in no wise have an earthly kingdom…”); Jerome,
Commentary on Isaiah
, quoted in Bernard McGinn, “Introduction: John’s Apocalypse and the Apocalyptic Mentality” in Emmerson and McGinn,
Apocalypse,
18–19 (“To take John’s Apocalypse according to the letter…”).

105.
Rev. 2:9 (KJV; “synagogue of Satan”); Rev. 5:5 (KJV; “the Lion of the tribe of Judah”).

106.
Dale Kinney, “The Apocalypse in Early Christian Monumental Decoration,” in Emmerson and McGinn,
Apocalypse,
209.

107.
Dale Kinney, “The Apocalypse in Early Christian Monumental Decoration,” in Emmerson and McGinn,
Apocalypse,
200, quoting Frederik van der Meer.

108.
Quoted in McGinn,
Visions of the End,
55.

109.
Quoted in Brian E. Daley, “Apocalypticism in Early Christian Theology,” in McGinn,
Apocalypticism,
33.

110.
Rev. 10:9 (KJV).

111.
Rev. 1:16 (KJV).

CHAPTER 5: “YOUR OWN DAYS, FEW AND EVIL”