 | 11. Both quotations from
Josephine Butler, An Autobiographical Memoir
(Bristol: J. W. Arrowsmith, 1909), 49, 51.
|
| 12. Josephine Butler,
Recollections of George Butler
(Bristol: J. W. Arrowsmith, 1892), 157.
|
| 13. Josephine Butler to her son Stanley; quoted in Margaret Forster,
Significant Sisters
(London: Seeker & Warburg, 1984), 176.
|
| 14. Margaret Oliphant,
Autobiography
(1899), ed. by Elisabeth Jay (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990).
|
| 15. This has of course become one of the most controversial issues in recent literary theory, under the influence of Derrida in philosophy and Foucault and Hayden White in the writing of history, as well as innumerable literary theorists. A fierce but intelligent and well-documented attack on the decontructionist insistence that there is no escape from textuality can be found in J. G. Merquior,
From Prague to Paris
(London: Verso, 1986). Entering into this theoretical issue would clearly be beyond the scope of this book, but it is natural, even necessary, nowadays to ask oneself where one stands. The naive realist belief, that access to the thoughts and feelings of the past is unproblematic, is everywhere in retreat, but it is important not to replace it by an equally naive post-structuralism, claiming that such access is impossible and that all we can understand is our own way of constructing it. "The remedy for bad history," asserts Melchior, "is more and better historya far cry from wholesale distrust." If there is no absolute signified, this does not mean that there is no signified at all or that language is ultimately about itself.
|
| 16. The Kipling papers are in the University of Sussex Library. The passages quoted are in boxes 19/2, 19/3, and 19/4.
|
| 17. Leonard Huxley,
Life and Letters of Thomas Henry Huxley
2 vols. (London: Macmillan, 1900), 1:213220.
|
| 18. Harriet Sarnoff Schiff,
The Bereaved Parent
(New York: Viking, 1977), 114115.
|
| 19.
The Journal of Emily Shore
(London: Kegan Paul, 1891). The quotations occur on 280, 319, and 352.
|
| 20. See the introduction to the bibliography for references to other child deaths.
|
| 21.
Times,
6 Nov. 1817.
|
| 22. Florence Nightingale,
Notes on Nursing
(London: D. Appleton & Co., 1860). Quotations occur on 26 and 10.
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