Ashoka: The Search for India's Lost Emperor (66 page)

Lauriya-Araraj pillar,
106
,
140
,
292

Lauriya-Nandangarh pillar,
17
–
18
,
18
,
38
,
138
,
139
–
40
,
246

Law, Thomas,
18
,
37
–
8

Lawrence, Lord,
263

Layard, Henry,
249

Leyden, John,
73
–
5
,
232

London University,
310

Lumbini,
191
,
207
,
298
,
317
,
330
; Garden,
312
–
13
; pillar at,
214
–
15
,
303
,
312
–
13
,
326
,
387

Lumsden, Captain Harry,
230
,
234

Macaulay, Thomas,
154

Macedonian Wars of the
Diadochi/Successors
,
56
,
57
,
62
,
367
–
8

Machiavelli, Niccolò,
309

Mackenzie, Colonel Colin,
xiv
,
69
,
82
–
3
,
84
,
85
–
9
,
98
,
109
,
110
–
11
,
133
,
280
–
1

Magadha, kingdom of: Ashoka as king of,
178
,
189
–
96
,
197
–
9
,
207
–
9
,
213
,
222
–
3
,
260
,
268
,
269
,
377
–
95
; Chandragupta’s usurption of throne,
363
–
5
,
366
–
7
; end of Maurya dynasty,
36
,
218
,
396
–
7
; in
Great Dynastic Chronicle
,
101
,
142
,
143
–
5
,
147
–
8
,
149
; language of,
142
,
162
–
3
,
329
,
354
,
381
; in
Legend of King Ashoka
,
188
–
96
; origins of Buddhism and,
42
–
3
,
78
,
101
; overthrow of Nanda dynasty,
66
–
7
,
83
,
365
,
366
; Piprahwa inscription,
329
–
30
; in the
Puranas
,
34
–
6
,
68
,
77
,
80
,
169
,
373
,
395
,
396
–
7
; Rajagriha as first capital,
224
; Xuanzang in,
216
–
19
;
see also
Mauryan dynasty; Pataliputra (capital city of Magadha)

Magas (half-brother of Ptolemy II),
259
,
260

Mahabharata
,
7
,
31

Mahabodhi temple at Bodhgaya
see
Bodhgaya, great temple at

Mahabun mountain,
230
,
231
,
233
–
5
,
364
,
365

Mahasthan walled city,
316

Mahavamsa
(’Great Dynastic Chronicle’),
99
,
187
,
197
,
296
,
387
; Ashoka in,
100
–
2
,
141
,
144
–
52
,
164
–
5
,
186
,
249
,
267
–
8
,
284
,
375
,
378
,
379
,
382
,
395
; Bindusara in,
101
,
143
–
4
,
145
,
368
; Chetiyagiri/Sanchi in,
148
,
152
,
248
;
Dipavamsa
(Island Chronicle) as early source for,
143
,
168
,
379
; early Buddhist elders and missionaries in,
247
,
248
,
387
; Fox’s purported translation of,
100
–
2
,
104
,
105
,
141
; Turnour’s translation of,
103
–
4
,
105
,
141
–
52
,
164
–
5
,
168
,
186
,
229

Mahavira,
84
,
225
,
366
–
7

Mahinda (son of Ashoka),
144
,
150
,
248
,
296
,
297
,
351
,
376
; Buddhism and,
146
,
148
–
9
,
186
,
296
,
298
,
379
; mission to Lanka,
148
–
9
,
152
,
296
,
386

Mahmud of Ghazni,
xii
–
xiii
,
234

Maisey, Fred,
237
,
240
–
3
,
245
,
247
,
249
,
334
,
342
,
343
,
345
,
387

Majumdar, N.G.,
340

Manikyala Tope,
129
,
260

Manjusri-mula-tantra
(The Root of the Doctrine of Manjusri),
373

Manu (son of god Brahma),
34
,
37
,
308
,
369

mapping of India,
64
,
82
,
125

Maratha warlords,
21
,
72
,
105

Marco Polo,
37

Marshall, John (1876-1958),
262
,
326
,
332
–
3
,
336
,
337
,
339
,
348
;
The Monuments of Sanchi
(with Alfred Foucher),
339
–
46

Marshall, John (first British Orientalist),
17
–
19
,
23
,
138
,
332

Masson, Charles (James Lewis),
131
,
228
,
229
,
260

Masulipatam town square,
87
–
8
,
281

Mathura, holy city of,
111
,
188
,
197
,
205
,
277
,
298
–
9
,
336
,
359
,
382
,
387

Matyendranath, yogi,
264

Mauryan dynasty,
xix
,
77
,
126
,
127
,
143
–
5
,
299
,
300
,
326
,
336
,
338
,
353
; administrative system,
315
,
316
,
370
–
1
,
388
–
9
; Brahmanism and,
370
,
371
,
372
–
3
,
378
,
379
,
384
–
5
,
391
,
396
; Brahmi alphabet and,
133
; caste system and,
369
–
70
; chronology of,
35
–
6
,
68
,
296
–
8
,
366
–
7
; coinage,
262
,
285
,
371
–
2
; end of,
36
,
91
,
196
,
200
,
218
,
246
–
7
,
277
,
278
,
288
,
304
,
359
,
396
–
7
; fine sculpture and,
322
–
4
,
335
; founding of,
35
,
36
,
67
,
68
,
83
,
143
,
200
,
296
,
297
,
363
; modern scholarly publications on,
309
–
10
; origins of family,
364
; peacocks and,
83
,
364
; succession to Ashoka,
395
–
6
; yakshi fertility goddesses,
318
,
322
–
4
;
see also
Ashoka; Bindusara, King; Chandragupta, King

Megasthenes,
India
,
45
,
61
–
2
,
64
,
65
,
176
,
273
,
320
,
369
–
70
,
372

Mehta, Gita,
355
–
6

microliths,
294

Mieza, school at,
47

‘Might of Islam’ mosque, Delhi,
7
–
8
,
10

Mill, Reverend William,
142

Minhaj-ud-din (a judge of Ghor),
4

Minto, Lord,
74

Mishra, P.K.,
358
–
9

Mitra, Mrs Debala,
285

Mitra, Rajendra Lala,
277
,
291
,
295
,
300
,
301
;
The Antiquities of Orissa
,
291

Moggaliputta Tissa,
145
,
146
,
147
,
148
,
186
,
187
,
248
,
296
,
382

Mohenjo-Daro excavations (1922),
332

The Monkey King
(Chinese novel),
202
,
220

Moodaliar, Murugesa,
88
,
90
,
91

Mookerji, Dr Radhakumud,
347
,
387

mosques: in Delhi,
7
–
8
,
9
,
10
,
15
–
16
; in Varanasi,
19
–
20
,
21
,
22
,
125

Mughal dynasty,
xv
,
15
,
16
,
20
–
1
,
32
,
40
,
74
,
138
,
232
–
3

Muhammad, Prophet,
210

Muhammad Bakhtiyar,
1
–
3
,
4
–
5
,
7
,
81

Muhammad bin Tughluq,
8

Muhammad Hasan Nizami, Sadruddin,
2

Muhammad of Ghor, Sultan,
2
,
4

Mukherjee, B.N.,
361

Mukherji, Babu Purna Chandra,
317
,
321
–
2
,
324

Müller, Max,
249
,
295
,
310

Murray, William,
96
,
159
,
341
–
2

Mutasiwo, King,
147

Mysore,
72
,
73
,
82
,
305
–
6
,
307
,
336
,
372
,
373

Naga snake cult,
199
,
240
,
272
,
275
,
340
,
341
,
342

Nalanda,
Mahavihara
of,
xvi
,
1
,
3
–
5
,
81
,
218
–
19
,
254
,
400

Nalanda International University,
400

Nanda dynasty: Dhana Nanda (also Nandrus, Xandrames or Aggrames),
54
,
58
,
59
,
66
,
67
,
83
,
143
,
306
,
363
–
4
,
365
,
366
,
368
; overthrow of,
35
,
66
–
7
,
68
,
83
–
4
,
143
,
306
–
7
,
363
,
365
,
366
; usurption of throne,
34
–
5
,
76

Nath order of ascetics,
264

nationalism, Indian,
xiii
,
xv
,
291
,
326
,
347
–
8

Nearchos (Macedonian admiral),
54
,
273
,
354

Nehru, Jawaharlal,
309
,
355
,
356

Neil, Robert Alexander,
310

Nepal,
xiii
,
182
,
186
,
197
,
216
,
288
,
292
,
294
,
322
,
399
; Buddhism in,
78
,
80
,
126
–
8
,
127
,
186
,
216
; Capuchin mission to (1715),
22
; Hodgson and,
123
,
125
–
8
,
138
,
184
; Lumbini Garden,
312
–
13
; Nigliva Sagar inscription,
310
–
12
,
311
,
313
,
327
,
387
; Patan,
126
–
7
,
127
,
182
;
surrender of North Bihar to EICo,
106

Nigrodha (Ashoka’s nephew),
145
,
187
,
268
,
379

Nirgranthas (sect),
386

Nodaris, George,
168

Norris, Edwin,
228
,
229
,
230