Black Gotham: A Family History of African Americans in Nineteenth-Century New York City (63 page)

46
. Fox, “Wolfe, Catharine Lorillard,” 2:641.

47
. Riis,
Battle with the Slum
, ch. 12.

48
. “Mulberry Street,” Print Archives, Museum of the History of New York.

49
.
New York Age
, February 23, 1889;
New York Freeman
, April 17, 1886; St. Philip’s Church, news clipping file.

50
. Lyons, “Memories of Yesterdays,” 80;
New York Age
, June 20, 1891.

1
.
New York Globe
, January 20, February 3, 1883.

2
.
New York Globe
, April 7, 1883.

3
.
New York Globe
, February 24, March 3, 10, and 17, 1883.

4
.
New York Freeman
, June 18, 1887.

5
.
New York Freeman
, May 28, 1887, October 30, 1886, April 24, 1886, February 19, 1887.

6
.
New York Age
, January 24, April 25, and December 20, 1891, November 19, 1892.

7
. Lyons, “Memories of Yesterdays,” 5, A, 49, 6, 50.

8
. Lyons, “Memories of Yesterdays,” 17, 20–22.

9
. Lyons, “Memories of Yesterdays,” 32–33.

10
. Holt, “Lonely Warrior,” 42–43.

11
. Duster,
Crusade for Justice
, 78.

12
. Duster,
Crusade for Justice
, 79; McMurry,
To Keep the Waters Troubled
, 171.

13
. Duster,
Crusade for Justice
, 79, 80, 81.

14
. Lyons, “Sarah S. J. Garnet,” 110–12.

15
.
New York Sun
, June 5, 1877; Lyons, “Susan Steward,” 162–63.

16
. Frances R. Keyser, “Victoria Earle Matthews,” 208–13.

17
.
Woman’s Era
, March 24, 1894.

18
.
Woman’s Era
, May 1, 1894, August 1895, November 1894, December 1894.

19
.
Woman’s Era
, September 1894, December 1894, April 1894, May 1895.

20
.
Woman’s Era
, September 1894, December 1894.

21
.
Woman’s Era
, August 1895, February 1896, January 1897.

22
. Gugle,
History of the International Order of the King’s Daughters and Sons
, 21–23.

23
.
Brooklyn Daily Eagle
, April 13, 1891.

24
.
Brooklyn Daily Eagle
, April 18, 1891, June 25, 1899.

25
. Fairall,
World’s Industrial and Cotton Centennial Exhibition
, 10.

26
. Rydell,
All the World’s a Fair
, 82.

27
.
New York Globe
, November 8, 1884, September 20, 1884;
New York Freeman
, March 14, 1885.

28
. Herbert, “The New Orleans Exhibition—Colored Department,” 190.

29
.
Brooklyn Daily Eagle
, May 3, 1872;
New York Globe
, September 27, 1883;
New York Age
, March 6 and 9, 1889.

30
.
Brooklyn Eagle
, May 3, 1872; Williams,
Horace Greeley
, 292–305.

31
.
New York Globe
, May 12, August 4, 1883.

32
. Thornbrough,
T. Thomas Fortune
, 86.

33
. Swan,
T. McCants Stewart
, ch. 7.

34
. Syrett,
The City of Brooklyn
, 1865–1898, chs. 5, 6, 10, 12, 13.

35
. Swan,
T. McCants Stewart
, ch. 4;
New York Age
, November 5, 1887.

36
.
Brooklyn Union
, June 13, 1884.

37
. Kurland,
Seth Low
, 11–38, 39–49.

38
.
New York Globe
, January 27, 1883.

39
. Brooklyn Board of Education Minutes, October 10, 1882, p. 772.

40
.
New York Globe
, December 1, 1883.

41
. Brooklyn Board of Education Minutes, December 11, 1883, p. 683;
New York Globe
, January 19, 1884.

42
.
New York Globe
, December 22, 1883, January 17, 1883.

43
.
New York Globe
, July 5, 1884;
New York Freeman
, June 20, 1887;
New York Age
, December 22, 1888;
New York Freeman
, February 13, 1886.

44
.
New York Age
, September 15, 1888;
New York Freeman
, September 25, 1886;
New York Age
, March 15, 1890, April 5, 1890, June 14, 1890.

45
. Brooklyn Board of Education Minutes, May 3, 1892, p. 339, March 7, 1893, pp. 183–86.

46
.
New York Times
, June 28, 1893; Swan,
T. McCants Stewart
, ch. 6.

47
. Lyons, “Memories of Yesterdays,” 20.

48
. Swan,
T. McCants Stewart
, ch. 10; Thornbrough,
T. Thomas Fortune
, 117–19.

49
. Du Bois,
Souls
, 138.

50
.
New York Tribune
, December 19, 1888.

51
.
Lehighton Advocate
, January 5, 1889.

52
. Metropolitan Museum of Art,
Catharine Lorillard Wolfe Collection
, 6–18; Tomkins,
Merchants and Masterpieces
, 71–72.

53
. Lerman,
The Museum
, 16.

54
. Tomkins,
Merchants and Masterpieces
, 23, 50–57, 62–67.

55
. Tomkins,
Merchants and Masterpieces
, 45; Lerman,
The Museum
, 26.

56
. Tomkins,
Merchants and Masterpieces
, 59.

57
. Howe,
History of the Metropolitan Museum of Art
, 244.

58
. Du Bois,
Souls
, 139.

59
. Quoted in Levine,
Highbrow/Lowbrow
, 73.

60
. Strong,
Diary
, 4:116, 463.

1
.
New York Age
, April 6, 1889;
Brooklyn News
, November, 15, 1890.

2
.
New York Freeman
, July 16, 1887; J. M. Smith, “Sketch of the Life and Labors of Henry Highland Garnet,” 34.

3
.
New York Globe
, March 10, 1883;
New York Age
, January 5, 1900.

4
.
Brooklyn Citizen
, April 1, 1887.

5
.
New York Freeman
, August 15, 1885;
New York Times
, April 25, 1897.

6
. Downing, “Sketch of the Life and Times of Thomas Downing,” 410; New York African Society for Mutual Relief Records, September 10, 1888.

7
.
New York Age
, June 16, 1888.

8
.
Brooklyn Daily Eagle
, January 30, 1882;
New York Freeman
, April 9, 1887;
New York Freeman
, July 25, 1885;
New York Freeman
, August 8, 1885.

9
. Peter Guignon obituary,
New York Freeman
, January 31, 1885.

10
.
New York Age
, February 21 and 28, March 7, 21, and 28, April 4 and 11, May 16, 1891.

11
. St. Philip’s Vestry Minutes, March 7, 1891.

12
. Philip White obituary,
New York Age
, February 21, 1891.

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