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7.
Tarrant,
U-Boat Offensive
, 151; van der Vat,
Atlantic Campaign
, 531.

8.
Werrell, “Strategic Bombing,” 708.

9.
Werskey,
Visible College
, 273–74.

10.
“Note on the Scale of Wartime Honours and Awards to Government Scientists,” PRO, ADM 219/288.

11.
Gannon,
Black May
, 243; Blackett, “Evan James Williams,” 404–5.

12.
Rosenhead, “Operational Research at the Crossroads,” 9–11.

13.
Roberston, “Conrad Hal Waddington,” 582; Rosenhead, “Operational Research at the Crossroads,” 22.

14.
“Scientists’ Visit to Russia Banned,”
The Times
, June 15, 1945; Brown,
J. D. Bernal
, 266–67; Mott,
Life in Science
, 49.

15.
Brown,
J. D. Bernal
, 485; Werskey,
Visible College
, 300–301, 318.

16.
“Fundamental Research,” p. 114, Blackett Papers, PB 5/1/4/10/3; Lovell, “Blackett in War and Peace,” 228.

17.
Nye,
Blackett
, 89; Blackett,
Fear, War, and the Bomb
, 143–44, 149–50.

18.
Crook, “Case Against Area Bombing,” 186n34; Zuckerman,
Apes to Warlords
, 145.

19.
“An English Scientist Exposes Atomic Diplomacy,”
Bulletin of Atomic Scientists
, February 1949, pp. 43, 50; Nye,
Blackett
, 3; Ash, “Orwell’s List.”

20.
“Cosmic Ray Conference Mexico 1951,” Blackett Papers, PB 1/10A.

21.
Jones,
Wizard War
, 495–96, 514–16, 524.

22.
Butler, “Recollections of Blackett,” 154; Nye,
Blackett
, 175; “Oral History Transcript—Dr. P. M. S. Blackett,” American Institute of Physics,
www.aip.org/history/ohilist/4508.html
.

23.
Morse,
In at the Beginnings
, 291–99; Morse, “Trends in Operational Research,” 159.

24.
Ormerod, “Father of Operational Research,” 191–92.

25.
Crowther and Whiddington,
Science at War
, 199.

26.
Waddington,
OR in World War II
, xv–xvi.

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