Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (339 page)

A warm period between two major phases of glaciation. During an interglacial, which may have a duration of more than 100000 years, ice sheets diminish in size, climates warm up, sea levels rise, and there are changes to the nature and extent of the wild flora and fauna.

 
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General term used in Peruvian archaeology to denote phases of change. Two distinct intermediate periods can be recognized.
The early Intermediate Period covers the period
c.
200 bc to ad 600 and is characterized by the rise of the first city-states.
The late Intermediate Period refers to the period
c.
.ad 1000–1476 and therefore covers the fragmented units which appeared after the decline of Tiahuanaco and Huari.

 
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A specialist committee of
ICOMOS
established in 1985 to provide an international forum for the exchange of experience and expertise between those concerned with archaeological heritage management, to promote international cooperation, and to advise on the development of ICOMOS policies and programmes in this field. In 1988 a
Charter for the Protection and Management of the Archaeological Heritage
(Stockholm: ICAHM) was agreed and published.

 
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A non-governmental representative body composed of specialists professionally concerned with conservation from more than 60 member nations. Established in 1965, ICOMOS has set up international committees consisting of leading experts on wood, stone, cultural tourism, historic towns, vernacular architecture, rock art, earth structures, training, photogrammetry, historic gardens, stained glass, and archaeological heritage management. These committees are in touch with the latest technical developments and through them ICOMOS provides specialist advice to governments and organizations around the world. ICOMOS also has national committees in its member countries and these provide local membership schemes for individuals. Internationally, ICOMOS provides advice to UNESCO on nominations for cultural sites to be added to the World Heritage List through its World Heritage coordinator. It also debates, agrees, and publishes international charters setting down relevant core principles. See also
ICAHM
.

 
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Period when the rainfall was less than it is at present.

 
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The stage in research at which the results of archaeological analyses are synthesized and there is an attempt to explain their meaning or consolidate a knowledgeable understanding of the results. See
DISCOURSE
.

 
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