Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (674 page)
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Authors: Timothy Darvill
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Solomon
[Na].
[Na].
King over the united kingdoms of Israel and Judah during the period 965–928 bc. During this time he undertook several campaigns of building works, including works at sites in Jerusalem.
sol lessivé
[De].
[De].
Type of
SOIL
that typically develops under open vegetation conditions and arable regimes, normally in areas of relatively low annual rainfall where soils can dry out during the summer months. They are common in northern Europe and appear to have originated in the post-glacial brown forest soils which were stripped of their protective forest cover and lost nutrients by grazing and crop cultivation.
SOIL
that typically develops under open vegetation conditions and arable regimes, normally in areas of relatively low annual rainfall where soils can dry out during the summer months. They are common in northern Europe and appear to have originated in the post-glacial brown forest soils which were stripped of their protective forest cover and lost nutrients by grazing and crop cultivation.
solstice
[De].
[De].
Literally, the sun's standstill. The extreme positions of the sun at midsummer and midwinter when its eastern risings and western settings appear to take place in the same position on the horizon for three or four days in succession.
Solutrean
[CP].
[CP].
Upper Palaeolithic cultures of western Europe named after material recovered from the site of Solutré in the Sâone-et-Loire in central France. The flint industries of the Solutrean are characterized by bifacially chipped laurel-leaf points. Examples date from around 17000 years ago and were first made using pressure flaking. By the later phases of the Solutrean pressure flaking was also used to produce slim leaf-shaped projectile heads and small single-shouldered points. Many of the decorated caves in southern France belong to this period.
SOM Culture
[Ab].
[Ab].
Sompting axes
[Ar].
[Ar].
Type of
SOCKETED AXE
typical of the Hallstatt C phase in southern England (
c.
700–600 bc) at the transition between the late Bronze Age and the early Iron Age. Sompting axes are so named after seventeen of them were found together in a hoard with other objects at Sompting, West Sussex, in 1946. They are made in bronze, of large size, show certain influences from contemporary Armorican axes, and have a pronounced collar with surface decoration comprising raised ribs and pellets.
SOCKETED AXE
typical of the Hallstatt C phase in southern England (
c.
700–600 bc) at the transition between the late Bronze Age and the early Iron Age. Sompting axes are so named after seventeen of them were found together in a hoard with other objects at Sompting, West Sussex, in 1946. They are made in bronze, of large size, show certain influences from contemporary Armorican axes, and have a pronounced collar with surface decoration comprising raised ribs and pellets.
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