Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (678 page)
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Authors: Timothy Darvill
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specchia
(pl.
specchie
)
[MC].
(pl.
specchie
)
[MC].
A type of burial monument found during the Iron Age of Apulia, southern Italy. It is normally a stone cairn over a single crouched inhumation within a slab-built cist lined to the outer edge of the mound by a narrow passage. The name is also applied to some larger mounds of uncertain function.
Speckhau, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
[Si].
[Si].
Mortuary complex comprising about 35 burial mounds grouped around the Hohmichele, the second largest early Iron Age round barrow in Europe with a diameter of about 80m and a preserved height of 13m, associated with the
HEUNEBURG
hillfort. The Hohmichele was partially investigated by G. Riek in the 1930s and found to contain eight inhumations and five cremations. Two of the burials had wagons with them. All appeared to date to the 6th century
bc
. More recently, excavations directed by Bettina Arnold and Matthew L. Murray have investigated Mound 17. Before excavation this mound stood 3m high and was about 20m in diameter. Five individuals of above average status had been buried in the mound, starting in about 600 bc with the central cremation. A later warrior grave contained a bronze cauldron and a set of iron weapons. The last burial dated to about 450 bc.
[Sum.: G. Riek , 1962,
Der Hochmichele
. Berlin: De Gruyter; B. Arnold , M. L. Murray , and S. A. Schneider , 2000, Untersuchungen an einem hallstattzeitlichen Grabhügel der Hochmichele-Gruppe im ‘Speckhau’, Markung Heiligkreuztal, Gde. Altheim, Kreis Biberach.
Archäologische Ausgrabungen in Baden-Württemberg 1999
, 64–8]
HEUNEBURG
hillfort. The Hohmichele was partially investigated by G. Riek in the 1930s and found to contain eight inhumations and five cremations. Two of the burials had wagons with them. All appeared to date to the 6th century
bc
. More recently, excavations directed by Bettina Arnold and Matthew L. Murray have investigated Mound 17. Before excavation this mound stood 3m high and was about 20m in diameter. Five individuals of above average status had been buried in the mound, starting in about 600 bc with the central cremation. A later warrior grave contained a bronze cauldron and a set of iron weapons. The last burial dated to about 450 bc.
[Sum.: G. Riek , 1962,
Der Hochmichele
. Berlin: De Gruyter; B. Arnold , M. L. Murray , and S. A. Schneider , 2000, Untersuchungen an einem hallstattzeitlichen Grabhügel der Hochmichele-Gruppe im ‘Speckhau’, Markung Heiligkreuztal, Gde. Altheim, Kreis Biberach.
Archäologische Ausgrabungen in Baden-Württemberg 1999
, 64–8]
spectrograph analysis
[Te].
[Te].
Chemical analysis that involves passing the light from a number of trace elements through a prism or diffraction grating that spreads out the wavelengths in a spectrum. This enables the emissions to be separated and different trace elements identified. A useful approach for studying metal objects and obsidian artefacts.
speculum
[Ma].
[Ma].
An alloy of copper and tin.
spelt
[Sp].
[Sp].
spheroids
[Ar].
[Ar].
Chipped spherical missiles either thrown or slung, or possibly used as a form of bolas.
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