Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (693 page)

See
CONTEXT
.

 
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The preparation and agreement of an overarching plan that sets out the policies and proposals that will be followed by a local government authority in respect of such matters as land use, property development, environmental protection, transportation, employment, and so on for a defined period (typically 5–10 years). Once approved, the policies set out in a strategic plan are binding on the authority and must be followed in the course of
DEVELOPMENT CONTROL
. In Britain, central government provides
regional planning guidance
, county councils prepare
structure plans
, and district councils prepare
local plans
. Where the roles of different tiers of local authorities have been merged, as with unitary authorities, then a
unitary plan
will be produced. Where special issues are important to a local area, for example minerals extraction, then a
subject plan
may be produced. Archaeology and the historic environment in general is included in such plans, usually under the general heading of environment.

 
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1
[Ge].
The differentiation of the population on a prestige scale of kinship units in such a way that the distinctions among such units, or classes within them, become hereditary to an important degree.
2
[Th].
See
STRATIGRAPHY
.

 
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A probabilistic sampling technique used to cluster and isolate sample units when regular spacing is inappropriate for cultural reasons.
Stratified random sampling
involves dividing the target population or study area into broad zones (e.g. cultivated land, river valley, mountain, etc.) and then randomly selecting sample units so as to give each zone a number of units proportional to its area.
Stratified systematic sampling
combines the definition of broad zones with the application of a fixed sampling scheme within each zone but the random selection of specific points within the fixed scheme.

 
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A society in which competing groups have unequal access to power and/or resources, some groups being subordinate to others. The uppermost stratum is termed an elite.

 
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A closely established relationship between two or more archaeological items (objects or structural elements) because they are physically linked by virtue of being within or attached to the same stratigraphically determined deposit or layer.

 
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