Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (792 page)

King of England, Wales, Scotland, and Ireland from 1689; born of the House of Stuart in 1650; son of William II, prince of Orange, and Mary Stuart , daughter of Charles I. Married Mary, elder daughter of James II. Died in 1702 aged 51; reigned thirteen years.

 
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British monarch of the House of Hanover from 1830. Born 1765, third son of George III. Married Adelaide , daughter of George , duke of Saxe-Meiningen. Died in 1837, aged 71; reigned seven years.

 
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British colonial settlement, at first called Middle Plantation, established in ad 1633 on a narrow peninsula between the York and James rivers. When it became the capital of Virginia in 1699, the town was renamed in honour of King William III.At its peak, structures of stone and wood housed a population of 5000–6000. Public buildings included the Raleigh Tavern, the Capitol Building, and the College of William and Mary (founded 1693). When its tenure as state capital ended in 1780, the town went into decline.Since 1928, however, excavations have been going on at the site and it now has one of the most extensive restoration projects in North America. As such it provides a picture of life in the 18th century
ad
.
[Rep.: A. L. Kocher and H. Dearstyne , 1949,
Colonial Williamsburg, its buildings and gardens. A study of Virginia's natural capital
. Williamsburg: Colonial Williamsburg]

 
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British religious leader and missionary born
c.
657. Educated at Ripon and sent in 690 to the Frisians to complete Wilfrid's mission. With Frankish support he was made archbishop of the Frisians in
c.
695, and founded the bishopric of Utrecht, Holland. Died
c.
738.

 
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Long, thin bifacially worked flint points of the
SOLUTREAN
Tradition in the European Upper Palaeolithic.

 
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Wilson , Daniel
(1816–92)
[Bi].

Scottish artist and antiquary who was the first English speaker to apply the Danish approach to prehistoric archaeology outside Scandinavia. Born in Edinburgh, he attended Edinburgh High School before being apprenticed to a steel engraver. Between 1837 and 1842 he worked in London as an engraver and popular writer, but returned to Edinburgh to run an artist's supplies and print shop. Although Wilson developed an interest in history and matters antiquarian from a relatively early age, it was not until he was invited to help turn the collections of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland into a modern national museum that he turned from antiquarianism to archaeology. In reorganizing the collection he adopted the Danish model of ordering the artefacts according to the
THREE AGE SYSTEM
. Wilson's arrangement presented an evolutionary approach to viewing the artefacts, and this also came across in the catalogue that he wrote to go with the exhibition. Later, in 1851, he published an extended version of the catalogue as
Archaeology and prehistoric annals of Scotland
(London: Macmillan). This was the first comprehensive treatment of early Scotland based on material culture and the first time that the term ‘prehistoric’ was used in English. Although Wilson received an honorary LLD from the University of St Andrews, he was unable to get an academic position in Scotland. In 1853, with help from friends in Edinburgh, he was appointed to the Chair of History and English Literature in University College, Toronto, Canada. Wilson enjoyed teaching in Canada and continued his interest in archaeology, but all the while expanded his interest in anthropology and ethnography. Throughout his life he was a talented landscape painter.
[Rev.: B. G. Trigger , 1992, Daniel Wilson and the Scottish Enlightenment.
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
, 122, 55–75]