Eleanor (61 page)

Tucker, Miss, 182

Tully, Grace, 5

Turkey, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86–87, 88

Udall, Stewart L., 344
n

UNICEF, 344

Union for Democratic Action, 17

Union Now
, 18

United Features Syndicate, 270

United Jewish Appeal, 164

United Nations, Eleanor and, 9, 43, 87, 132, 140, 141, 145, 157–58, 164, 175

appointed U.S. delegation member (1961), hopes Declaration will be accepted as law, 323

celebration at Amiens in honor of, 188

dealing with Soviets in makes for realism, 77

drafting of Declaration of Rights assigned to Human Rights Commission, 40

enunciation of Truman Doctrine and, 82–85

General Assembly (1952), her broadcasts during, 194

Geneva (1952), three U.S. introduced resolutions comic, 222

headquarters site, question of, 19, 29–30

her resignation from after Eisenhower victory, 214–18

Hiroshima and Nagasaki underscore indispensability of, 18–19, 22

Khrushchev at, his behavior “outrageous,” 277

Marshall Plan and, 88–96
passim

as member of delegation urging Vietnam question be taken before, 325–26

“nuclear” human rights commission annoyed with Alexander Borisov, 43

purpose of, Eleanor appointed to, 41

resolution to break relations with Franco’s Spain, her stand on, 150, 152, 162–63
n

she’s elected chairman, agenda completed, 41–42

she speaks of on her seventieth birthday, 239

she urges immediate ratification of Charter, 18

speech on women’s rights, 216–17

U.S. ends support of Covenants, her reaction, 220–21

vigorous support of necessary, at loggerheads with Churchill, 71–72

wants Franklin’s name associated with, 19

see also
American Association for the United Nations; Cold War; Palestine question

United Nations, Eleanor and, Commission on Human Rights, drafting of Declaration and Covenant:

Covenant question, political and racial factors involved, 50–54, 58–59

Declaration approved, phrasing not satisfactory to her, 57

final approval of Declaration, Eleanor praised, 62

first Declaration article problematical, 55

her optimism at final Geneva press conference, 57–58

member of drafting committee, her suggestions, 49–51

1948 drafting committee sessions, debates with Pavlov, 60–62

ordering priorities, U.S. draft Covenant submitted, 55

philosophical debates, 46–47

policy formulation, her influence, 47–48

progress slow on the Covenants, 60–61

right to work question, U.S./Soviet differences, 50

she’s appointed chairman, 46

Soviet demands of U.S. at Geneva, her rebuttal, 54–55

State Department agrees to Covenant, 59–60

U.S. opposition to Covenant, attempt to win Lovett over, 58–59

United Nations, Eleanor and, first General Assembly meeting (London), she’s appointed delegate, 20

Albert Hall speech welcoming delegates, 32

Anglo-American anti-Soviet alliance, her views on, 35

appointment attacked by Pegler, 25

Assembly opens, Spaak elected president, 28

assigned to Committee III, Sandifer her chief aid, 27–28

business sessions, her observations on, 29–30

critical of U.S. male delegates, 34, 36

delegation meets press, Vandenberg and Dulles absent, 27

fellow delegates, 22–23

her views on own influence, 22

Spaak’s tribute to her, 30

refugee question, confrontation with Vishinsky over, 36–39

secretary-general, election of, 35

underrepresentation of women and women’s rights question, 33–34

voyage to England, shipboard activities and views, 23–24

world government, her views on chances for, 32

United Nations, Eleanor and, General Assembly (1946), 35–37

her State Department advisers, 45

refugee question, second confrontation with Vishinsky, 45

United Nations, Eleanor and, General Assembly (1950), Korea main preoccupation, 191

her report on Third World distrust of U.S., 191–93

United Nations, Eleanor and, General Assembly (Paris)

Communism issue, her speech at the Sorbonne, 63–64

Declaration before Committee III, its adoption, 64–65

praise for her role in Declaration’s influence, 65–67

United Nations, Eleanor and, Human Rights Commission session (1952), Covenants question, Soviets attack U.S., 206

campaign against U.S. support of, 206, 207, 219

her defense before 1952 Democratic convention, 208, 209

United Nations Atomic Energy Control Commission, 27, 77

United Nations Commission on the Status of Women, 55

United Nations Emergency Force, 123
n

United Nations Headquarters Site Agreement, 61

United Nations Human Rights Prize, 67

Up from Liberalism
, 322

U.S. Committee for the Care of European Children, 99

U.S. Committee for the United Nations, 336

U.S. Committee on Intellectual Interchange with Japan, 222–23

Val-Kill, Eleanor buys, 7–8, 168–70

Vandenberg, Arthur H., 23, 24, 26–27, 38, 41, 70, 84

Variety
, 181

Vatican, 155, 156

Vaughan, Harry, 147

Vaughn, Bennett (Mrs. Philip), 268

Veterans Administration, 325

Vietnam, 326

Vinson, Frederick M., 95

Vishinsky, Andrei, 40, 69, 73, 91–93, 97, 181

attends Eleanor’s seventieth birthday party, 239

Eleanor opposes on refugee question, 37–39, 45

Voice of America, 191, 194

Volunteers for Stevenson, 211

Volunteers in Politics, 237

Voytkins, Ellie (niece), 314, 320, 334

Wagner, Robert, 152, 157, 280, 320

Waldron, Nurse, 339

Walker, Frank, 23, 32

Wallace, Henry, 19, 77–78, 79–80, 92, 94–95, 143, 242

approves of PCA, Eleanor backs ADA, 80

and Baruch Plan for control of atomic energy, 76–77

break with Truman administration, Eleanor’s reaction, 74–75

criticizes U.S. foreign policy in Europe, 82–83

her disenchantment with, 76–77

opposition to Marshall Plan, 89

third-party candidacy (1948), 137–38, 139, 145, 146

Walton, William, 303–4

Warburg, Eva, 112

Warburg, Ingrid, 112

Waren, Helen, 104, 106

Warren, Avra M., 193, 195

Warren, Earl, 143, 174

Washington Square, 315

Wechsler, James A., 237, 331

Weekes, Freddy, 321

Weekes, Mrs. Freddy, 321

Weiss, Louis, 99, 101

Weizmann, Chaim, 101, 103

Welles, Sumner, 120

“Where Do I Get My Energy?,” 323

White, Mrs. Walter, 251

White, Walter, 17, 52, 61

White House, Eleanor moves out of, 3

Whiteman, Marjorie, M., 50

Wiese, Otis, 185

Wigner, Eugene, 19

Wilhelmina, Princess, 190

Wilkins, Roy, 251–53

Williams, Aubrey, 285, 319

Williams, Charl, 133

Williams, G. Mennen, 282, 283, 292

Wilmerding, Helen, 1

Wilson, Woodrow, 101

Wiltwyck School for Boys, 17, 165, 314

Winant, John Gilbert, 2, 14, 26

Windsor, Duke and Duchess of, 182

Winslow, Richard S., 218

Wise, Stephen S., 100, 103, 104

Woman’s Home Companion
, 136

Women’s House of Detention, 314

Wood, Lee, 10

Woodrow Wilson Foundation, 241

Woolf, S. J., 18

World Women’s Party for Equal Rights, 33

Yalta, 143, 274–75

Yoshida, Shigeru, 224, 225

You Learn by Living
, 311

Youth Congress, 198

Yugoslavia, 35, 84–86, 229, 231–34

Yugoslavian and Greek relief, committees for, 17

Zanders, Roosevelt, 315

Zionism, 99, 100–101, 102, 115, 119

see also
Palestine question

Zuckerman, Mr., 165

Praise for
Eleanor: The Years Alone

“HER HUSBAND, THE PRESIDENT, WAS DEAD. . . .Seventeen years of life were left to her, of whom her husband once jokingly prayed: ‘O Lord, make Eleanor tired.’ The Lord was not ready for that miracle in 1945, and Eleanor went on her controversial way. . . .She is always at the center of the stage, holding our attention as she acts out an extraordinarily rich life. . . .Lash’s book will always keep her memory fragrant.”

—
National Observer

“SUPERB. . .Joseph P. Lash has reached the highest level of the biographer’s art. . . .His portrait of an extraordinary person whose journey from shy, narrow-viewed young woman to world-venerable figure is astounding. . . .Certain to receive wide acclaim.”

—
Wall Street Journal

“A NOTABLE ACCOMPLISHMENT. . . .Will the huge audience for
Eleanor and Franklin
lose anything if it fails to go on to
Eleanor: The Years Alone
? It will indeed. Mr. Lash’s concluding volume is remarkable for its accounting of what it takes to translate sympathy, vitality, and natural intellect into major influences on the quality of the national life.”

—
Saturday Review

“A REMARKABLE ACHIEVEMENT. . .lucid. . .sensitive. . .as rich as his understanding of the remarkable human being he celebrates.”

—
The New Yorker

“READS SWIFTLY AND INTERESTINGLY FROM FIRST PAGE TO LAST. Joe Lash entirely merits the laurels and rewards brought by the first volume and certain to be brought by this one.”

—
Chicago Tribune, Book World

“FASCINATING. . .ABSORBING. . . .A definitive look at one of the most liberated women of all time.”

—
New York Daily News

“COMPELLING. . . .The story of a truly remarkable woman. It is unlikely that our century will know another one to equal her.”

—
Atlanta Journal-Constitution

“ENTHRALLING. . . .One leaves the book feeling that Eleanor may have been an even greater human being than her very great husband.”

—
Philadelphia Bulletin

Copyright © 1972 by Joseph P. Lash

Foreword copyright © 1972 by Franklin D. Roosevelt, Jr.

“Acknowledgment” from
Collected Poems, 1917–1982
by Archibald MacLeish;
copyright © 1985 by the Estate of Archibald MacLeish; reprinted by permission
of Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company; all rights reserved. Excerpt
from Adlai Stevenson letter, November 11, 1948; series 1: Correspondence;
1919–1965; Adlai E. Stevenson Papers, Public Policy Papers, Department of Rare
Books and Special Collections, Princeton University Library.

Photographs 3 and 4 in the insert are by permission of UN Photo. All other
photographs are by permission of the Franklin D. Roosevelt Library.

All rights reserved
First published as a Norton paperback 2014

For information about permission to reproduce selections from this book,
write to Permissions, W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 500 Fifth Avenue,
New York, NY 10110

For information about special discounts for bulk purchases, please contact
W. W. Norton Special Sales at [email protected] or 800-233-4830

Book design by Brian Mulligan
Production manager: Louise Parasmo

Library of Congress has cataloged a previous edition as follows:

Lash, Joseph P.      1909–
Eleanor: the years alone.
Continues the biography of Mrs. Roosevelt which began in the author’s
Eleanor and Franklin.
Includes bibliographical references.
1. Roosevelt, Eleanor (Roosevelt) 1884–1962.
1. Title.
E807.1.R574      973.917'092'4  [B]     72-2674
ISBN 0-393-07361-0

ISBN 978-0-393-34976-4 pbk.
ISBN 978-0-393-24766-4 (e-book)

W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 500 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10110
www.wwnorton.com

W. W. Norton & Company Ltd., Castle House, 75/76 Wells Street,
London W1T 3QT