Eleanor (53 page)

45.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to A. David Gurewitsch, Aug. 26, 1948; E. Roosevelt, speech on “The Struggle for Human Rights”; dispatch from Paris to the State Department, No. 1214, Sept. 29, 1948.

46.
Our Rights as Human Beings
(United Nations, 1955), p. 9; interview with Durward Sandifer.

47.
Interview with Durward Sandifer; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Maude Gray, Dec. 9, 1948.

48.
Letter from Charles Malik to Joseph P. Lash, Sept. 15, 1970; letter from Helen Keller to Eleanor Roosevelt, undated; letter from Clark Eichelberger to Eleanor Roosevelt, April 7, 1949, and Eleanor Roosevelt’s reply, undated; letter from John Foster Dulles to Eleanor Roosevelt, Feb. 2, 1949.

49.
Herbert G. Nichols,
The United Nations as a Political Institution
(New York, 1960), p. 132;
For Fundamental Human Rights, op. cit
., p. 59.

50.
Egon Schwelb,
Human Rights and the International Community: The Roots and Growth of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948–1963
(Chicago, 1964), p. 50; letter from John P. Humphrey to Joseph P. Lash, April 20, 1972.

51.
Eleanor Roosevelt,
The Great Question
(United Nations, 1958).

4. RELUCTANT COLD-WARRIOR

1.
Letter from Harry Hopkins to Eleanor Roosevelt, Nov. 23, 1945.

2.
New York Times,
Feb. 16, 1946.

3.
Memorandum from Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry S. Truman, March, 1946.

4.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Joseph P. Lash, Jan. 27, 1946.

5.
E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” cited (Ch. 1), March 16, 1946.

6.
Ibid.,
May 23, 1946; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry S. Truman, April 27, 1946.

7.
E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” May 23, 1946; Joseph and Stewart Alsop, “The Tragedy of Liberalism,”
Life,
May 20, 1946; letter from Joseph Alsop to Eleanor Roosevelt, April 26, 1946, and Eleanor Roosevelt’s reply, April 28, 1946.

8.
New York Herald Tribune,
May 17, 1946.

9.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Henry Wallace, April 17, 1945.

10.
E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” Sept. 21, 1946; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry S. Truman, May 27, 1946.

11.
E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” Nov. 11, 1946.

12.
Ibid.,
Aug. 28, 1946, and Sept. 17, 1946.

13.
Ibid.,
Aug. 9, 1946.

14.
Ibid.,
Dec. 19, 1946, and Nov. 1, 1946.

15.
Eleanor Roosevelt, Foreword to Elliott Roosevelt’s
As He Saw It
(New York, 1946), p. ix.

16.
Joseph and Stewart Alsop, “Matter of Fact,” column in the
New York Herald Tribune,
Dec. 1, 1946; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Joseph Alsop, Dec. 5, 1946, and letters from Joseph Alsop to Eleanor Roosevelt, Dec. 17 and 29, 1946.

17.
J. and S. Alsop, “Matter of Fact,”
op. cit
., Dec. 1, 1946.

18.
E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” Jan. 4, 1947; James Loeb, in the
Roosevelt Day Memorial Journal,
issued by the Americans for Democratic Action, 1963.

19.
E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” Jan. 25, 1947.

20.
Letter from Fiorello H. La Guardia to Eleanor Roosevelt, April 2, 1947, and Eleanor Roosevelt’s reply, April 11, 1947.

21.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Max Lerner, Jan. 19, 1947.

22.
Telegram from C. B. Baldwin to Eleanor Roosevelt, April 16, 1947, and Eleanor Roosevelt’s reply, April 17, 1947.

23.
E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” March 15, 1947.

24.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Dean Acheson, March 26, 1947.

25.
Vandenberg,
The Private Papers of Senator Vandenberg,
cited (Ch. 3), p. 345; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Arthur H. Vandenberg, April 18, 1947.

26.
Letter from Dean Acheson to Eleanor Roosevelt, April 15, 1947.

27.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry S. Truman, April 17, 1947.

28.
Letter from Harry S. Truman to Eleanor Roosevelt, May 7, 1947.

29.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Dean Acheson, April 11, 1947, and Acheson’s reply, April 15, 1947; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Dean Acheson, April 16, 1947, and Acheson’s reply, May 7, 1947; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry S. Truman, May 19, 1947.

30.
Letter from John Foster Dulles to Eleanor Roosevelt, May 26, 1947, and Eleanor Roosevelt’s reply, June 21, 1947.

31.
E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” April 28, 1947.

32.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Joseph P. Lash, July 28, 1947.

33.
George F. Kennan,
Memoirs, 1925–1950
(Boston, 1967), pp. 317, 336, 341.

34.
Joseph M. Jones,
The Fifteen Weeks
(New York, 1955), p. 36.

35.
E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” June 9, 1947; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Mrs. von Fluss, July 3, 1947.

36.
E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” July 5 and 9, 1947.

37.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to George C. Marshall, July 18, 1947, and Marshall’s reply, July 22, 1947; E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” Aug. 4, 1947.

38.
Letters from Eleanor Roosevelt to Mr. Wiborg, Sept. 21, 1947.

39.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to James Roosevelt, June 27, 1945; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to George C. Marshall, April 15, 1945.

40.
Letter from George C. Marshall to Eleanor Roosevelt, July 23, 1947; E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” Sept. 18, 1947.

41.
Lash Diaries, Sept. 29, 1947.

42.
Letter from Robert Hannegan to Eleanor Roosevelt, Oct. 20, 1947.

43.
Lash Diaries, Sept. 27, 1947.

44.
E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” Oct. 8 and 15, 1947.

45.
Ibid.,
Oct. 27, 1947.

46.
New York Times,
Oct. 29, 1947.

47.
Letter from Bruce Gould to Eleanor Roosevelt, undated; letter from George C. Marshall to Eleanor Roosevelt, Feb. 10, 1948, and Eleanor Roosevelt’s reply, Feb. 15, 1948.

48.
James Forrestal,
The Forrestal Diaries,
ed. Walter Millis and E. S. Duffield (New York, 1951), p. 387; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to George C. Marshall, March 13, 1948.

49.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry S. Truman, March 13, 1948.

50.
Letter from Harry S. Truman to Eleanor Roosevelt, March 16, 1948; letter from George C. Marshall to Eleanor Roosevelt, March 17, 1948; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Joseph P. Lash, Oct. 16, 1948; letter from Bernard Baruch to Eleanor Roosevelt, Oct. 15, 1948.

51.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Trude W. Lash, Oct. 16, 1948.

52.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Joseph P. Lash, Oct. 26, 1948.

53.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Trude W. Lash, Nov. 17, 1948.

54.
New York Herald Tribune,
Jan. 15, 1949; Elizabeth Janeway, “First Lady of the UN,”
New York Times Magazine,
Oct. 22, 1950.

55.
Lash Diaries, Oct. 2, 1949.

5. THE UNITED NATIONS AND A JEWISH HOMELAND

1.
E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” cited (Ch. 1), April 12, 1943; letter from Louis Bromfield to Eleanor Roosevelt, June 21, 1943; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to M. Potter, July 26, 1943.

2.
Letter from Louis Weiss to Malvina Thompson, June 3, 1943.

3.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Joseph P. Lash, April 6, 1944.

4.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Dr. Dunner, Jan. 16, 1943.

5.
Justine Wise Polier, “As I Knew Mrs. Roosevelt,”
Petal Paper
(a monthly published in Petal, Miss., by P. D. East), Jan., 1963.

6.
Ben Hecht,
Guide for the Bedevilled
(New York, 1944); letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Joseph P. Lash, May 18, 1944.

7.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to the Mizrachi Women of America, Oct. 28, 1943.

8.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Mrs. Miller, Dec. 21, 1948; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Joseph P. Lash, Feb. 12, 1943.

9.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Louis Weiss, May 26, 1943; letter from Rose Halprin to Eleanor Roosevelt, Dec. 1, 1943.

10.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Rose Halprin, Dec. 1, 1943; letter from Isaiah Bowman to Eleanor Roosevelt, Jan. 24, 1944.

11.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Mrs. Levin, Jan. 31, 1944.

12.
Letter from Trude W. Lash to Eleanor Roosevelt, March 19, 1945.

13.
Letter from Stephen S. Wise to Chaim Weizmann, March 21, 1945.

14.
Ibid
.

15.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Franklin D. Roosevelt Jewish Memorial Book Committee, Nov. 12, 1945.

16.
Letter from Trude W. Lash to Joseph P. Lash, Aug. 27, 1945.

17.
Letter from Helen Waren to Eleanor Roosevelt, Sept. 29, 1945, Oct. 14, 1945, and Nov. 6, 1945; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Helen Waren, Oct. 22, 1945.

18.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry S. Truman, Nov. 20, 1945, and Truman’s reply, Nov. 26, 1945.

19.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Mrs. Colestone, Jan. 18, 1946.

20.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Kathleen McLaughlin, Jan. 16, 1946;
New York Herald Tribune
, Feb. 14, 1946; E. Roosevelt,
On My Own
, cited (Ch. 1), p. 56.

21.
E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” Feb. 14, 1946; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Carola von Schaeffer-Bernstein, May 11, 1946; E. Roosevelt,
On My Own
, p. 57.

22.
E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” June 15, 1946.

23.
Ibid.,
June 22, 1946.

24.
Ibid.,
June 24, 1946.

25.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Lady Reading, Aug. 23, 1946.

26.
E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” Aug. 19, 1946; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Miss Siegel, Sept. 5, 1946; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to
Davar,
Dec. 11, 1946.

27.
E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” Feb. 27, 1947, April 27 and 26, 1947.

28.
Ibid.,
May 14, 1947.

29.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to George C. Marshall, May 26, 1947 (the author has not been able to locate this letter), and Marshall’s reply, June 20, 1947.

30.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Miss Zelson, June 28, 1947.

31.
E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” Aug. 23, 1947.

32.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry S. Truman, Aug. 30, 1947; E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” Sept. 12, 1947.

33.
Herbert Feis,
The Birth of Israel
(New York, 1969), p. 43.

34.
Forrestal,
The Forrestal Diaries,
cited (Ch. 4), p. 8.

35.
Interview with Durward Sandifer; Lash Diaries, Sept. 29, 1947; memorandum from Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry S. Truman, March, 1946, and Truman’s reply, March 7, 1946.

36.
Feis,
The Birth of Israel, op. cit.,
p. 45; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Lessing J. Rosenwald, Oct. 1, 1947.

37.
E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” Oct. 15, 1947; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Miss Binn, Oct. 24, 1947.

38.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Miss Bacon, Feb. 27, 1948.

39.
Feis, p. 51.

40.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry S. Truman, undated (but clearly written in Jan., 1948).

41.
James Reston, in the
New York Times,
Jan. 27, 1948.

42.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to George C. Marshall, Jan. 28, 1948.

43.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry S. Truman, Jan. 29, 1948.

44.
Letter from Harry S. Truman to Eleanor Roosevelt, Feb. 2, 1948; letter from George C. Marshall to Eleanor Roosevelt, Feb. 16, 1948.

45.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to George C. Marshall, Feb. 16, 1948.

46.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry S. Truman, Feb. 20, 1948.

47.
New York Times,
Feb. 24, 1948.

48.
Letter from Harry S. Truman to Eleanor Roosevelt, Feb. 27, 1948.

49.
Interview with Benjamin V. Cohen.

50.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to George C. Marshall, March 22, 1948; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry S. Truman, March 22, 1948.

51.
Letter from Harry S. Truman to Eleanor Roosevelt, March 25, 1948.

52.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry S. Truman, March 26, 1948; E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” April 1, 1948.

53.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Adlai Stevenson, April 28, 1948.

54.
Forrestal, pp. 405, 406, 411; interview with Benjamin V. Cohen.

55.
Harry S. Truman,
Years of Trial and Hope,
vol. II of
Memoirs
(Garden City, N.Y., 1955), p. 163.

56.
Letter from Harry S. Truman to Eleanor Roosevelt, May 20, 1948; letter from George C. Marshall to Eleanor Roosevelt, May 18, 1948.

57.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to A. David Gurewitsch, May 26, 1948.

58.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Bernard Baruch, Oct. 4, 1948, and Baruch’s reply, Oct. 15, 1948; interview with Porter McKeever.

59.
New York Times,
Oct. 29, 1948.

60.
Memorandum from Eleanor Roosevelt to Harry S. Truman, Dec. 28, 1948.

61.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Miss Miller, Dec. 21, 1948.

62.
Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Miss Berg, April 25, 1950.