Exodus From the Alamo: The Anatomy of the Last Stand Myth (67 page)

, April 11, 1836;
Frankfort Commonwealth
, May 25, 1836; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 393; Roberts and Olson,
A Line in the Sand
, pp. 162, 165; Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano.
^2.
Chemerka, Director of the Alamo Society, to author, November 14, 2003.
^3.
Johnson,
A History of Texas and Texans
, pp. 412–413; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, p. 47; NPS historians, “18-pounder Revolutionary War Cannon,” FSNM; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 392.
^4.
Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, pp. 392–394; Lord,
A Time to Stand
, pp. 85, 159–160.
^5.
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 30, 1889; Chemerka, Director of The Alamo Society, to author, November 14, 2003; Hardin,
Texian Iliad
, p. 131; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, pp. 392–393; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, pp. 48, 50.
^6.
Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, pp. 47–48; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, pp. 392–393; Lord,
A Time to Stand
, 163.
^7.
Rothenberg,
The Art of Warfare in the Age of Napoleon
, p. 69.
^8.
Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano, Rothenberg,
The Art of Warfare in the Age of Napoleon
, pp. 68–69; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, p. 21.
^9.
Ibid; Borroel, ed. and trans.,
Field Reports of the Mexican Army During the Texan War of 1836
, vol. iv, p. 60.
^10.
San Antonio Express-News
, November 22, 1902; Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano; Groneman,
Alamo Defenders
, pp. 9–10, 14–15, 41–42; Borroel, ed. and trans.,
Field Reports of the Mexican Army During the Texan War of 1836
, vol. iv, p. 60.
^11.
San Antonio Express
, June 23, 1878; Perry, ed., and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, pp. 44–45.
^12.
Sutherland Manuscript, CAH; Groneman,
Eyewitness to the Alamo
, p. 34.
^13.
San Antonio Express,
June 23, 1878;
Maryland Gazette
, November 5, 1835; Hardin,
Texian Iliad
, pp. xii, xiii, 6–7, 39; Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano; Santos,
Santa Anna’s Campaign Against Texas
, p. 60; Roberts and Olson,
A Line in the Sand
, pp. 24–25.
^14.
Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano; Roberts and Olson,
A Line in the Sand
, p. 10; Groneman,
Eyewitness to the Alamo
, p. 76; Innes,
The Conquistadors
, pp. 12–21; Christopher Leslie Brown and Philip D. Morgan,
Arming Slaves: From Classical Times to the Modern Age
, (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006), pp. 5–6;
Maryland Gazette
, November 5, 1835.
^15.
Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano;
San Antonio Express
, June 23, 1878; Roberts and Olson,
A Line in the Sand
, pp. 23–25.
^16.
Levy,
American Legend
, pp. 51–52, 256, 276; Winders,
Sacrificed at the Alamo
, pp. 108–110.
^17.
Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, pp. 44–45, 50.
^18.
Brands,
Lone Star Nation
, pp. 367–368.
^19.
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878; Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano; Groneman,
Eyewitness to the Alamo
, p. 75; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, pp. 44–45.
^20.
Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano; Davis,
Lone Star Rising
, p. 220.
^21.
Davis,
Three Roads to the Alamo
, p. 554.
^22.
San Antonio Express-News
, November 22, 1902; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 370;
San Antonio Express
, San Antonio, Texas, June 23, 1878.
^23.
Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, p. 35; Santa Anna to McArdle, March 19, 1874, TSL and AC; Raphael, Founding Myths, pp. 1–7, 247–277; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, pp. 44–45, 50; Lord,
A Time to Stand
, p. 80.
^24.
Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano;
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878;
San Antonio Express-News
, November 22, 1902; Borroel, ed. and trans.,
Field Reports of the Mexican Army During the Texan War of 1836
, vol. Iv, p. 60: Perry, ed. and trans,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, pp. xix, xx, 21, 44–45; Roberts and Olson,
A Line in the Sand
, p. 162; Bradfield,
Rx Take One Cannon
, pp 23, 101; Groneman,
Alamo Defenders
, pp. 15, 68, 79; Lord,
A Time to Stand
, pp. 82, 153, 171.
^25.
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878; Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano; Uecker,
The Archaeology of the Alamo
, pp. 40–41; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, p. 126;
Maryland Gazette
, November 26, 1835; King,
James Clinton Neill
, p. 79.
^26.
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878; Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano; De la Pena,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, p. 45; Roberts and Olson,
A Line in the Sand
, pp. 165–166; Hardin,
Texian Iliad
, p. 148.
^27.
Lundstrom,
“Assault at Dawn,” Campaign
, pp. 12–14; Hutton,
“It was but a Small Affair,” WW
, p. 46; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, pp. 46–48; Lamego,
The Siege & Taking of the Alamo
, p. 33.
^28.
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878; Lundstrom,
“Assault at Dawn,” Campaign
, p. 14; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, pp. xix, xx, 21, 44–46.
^29.
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878; Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico,Militar Mexicano; Matovina,
The Alamo Remembered
, p. 27; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, pp. 44–45, 48; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 521.
^30.
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878; Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano;
San Antonio Express-News
, November 22, 1902; Santos,
Santa Anna’s Campaign Against Texas
, p. 74; Borrell, ed. and trans.,
Field Reports of the Mexican Army During the Texan War of 1836
, vol. iv, p. 60; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, pp 44–45.
^31.
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878; Garrett,
Green Flag over Texas
, pp. 223–229; Winders,
Sacrificed at the Alamo
, p. 125.
^32.
Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, p. 41.
^33.
Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa, Archivo Militar Mexicano;
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 370;
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878; Winders,
Sacrificed at the Alamo
, pp. xii, 57;
Maryland Gazette
, November 26, 1835; Hardin,
Texian Iliad
, p. 224; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, p. 177 note.
^34.
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, p. 177 note; Borroel,
The Texan Revolution of 1836
, pp. 80–81.
^35.
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878; Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano; Nelson,
The Alamo
, p. 54.
^36.
Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano;
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878; Lord,
A Time to Stand
, p. 118; Jackson,
Alamo Legacy
, pp. 88–90; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, pp. 44–45, 313, 324; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, pp. 44–45, 50; Groneman,
Alamo Defenders
, p. 118.
^37.
Chariton,
Exploring the Alamo Legends
, pp. 29, 32.
^38.
Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano;
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878; Nelson,
The Alamo
, p. 53; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, p. 66.
^39.
Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano;
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878; Nelson,
The Alamo
, p. 53; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, p. 66; Borroel,
The Texan Revolution of 1836
, p. 59.
^40.
Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano;
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878;
Maryland Gazette
, November 26, 1836; Priddy,
Across Our Wide Missouri
, vol. 1, p. 142; Nelson,
The Alamo
, pp. 8–9, 54; Borroel,
The Texan Revolution of 1836
, pp. 68, 70, 81; Matovina,
The Alamo Remembered
, pp. 106, 113; Lindstrom,
“Assault at Dawn,” Campaign
, p. 14; Chartrand,
Santa Anna’s Mexican Army
, p. 23; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, p. 177 note; Engineer Green B. Jameson map, The Daughters of the Republic of Texas Library at the Alamo, San Antonio, Texas; Groneman,
Alamo Defenders
, pp. 76, 101–102; Lord,
A Time to Stand
, p. 15.
^41.
San Antonio Express-News
, November 22, 1902.
^42.
Guerra,
The Missions of San Antonio
, p. 30; Nelson,
The Alamo
, pp. 31–32; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, p. 5; Young, ed.,
“The Siege of the Alamo: A Mexican Army Journal,” JABA
, p. 33; Matovina,
The Alamo Remembered
, p. 113.
^43.
Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historio Militar Mexicano
; San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 370 and note 2; Nelson,
The Alamo
, pp. 4–5, 8–9; Borroel,
The Texan Revolution of 1836
, pp. 68, 70; James Gilchrist Benton sketch, “A view of the Alamo from the rear,” Amos Carter Museum, Fort Worth, Texas; Matovina,
The Alamo Remembered
, p. 113; Lord,
A Time to Stand
, p. 15.
^44.
Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano;
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 370; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, p. 177 note; Borroel,
The Texan Revolution of 1836
, pp. 68, 70; Matovina,
The Alamo Remembered
, p. 113.
^45.
Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano
; San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 370; Salas,
Soldaderas
, pp. 29–30; Borroel,
The Texan Revolution of 1836
, pp. 68, 70, 81; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, p. 177 note; Matovina,
The Alamo Remembered
, p. 113.
^46.
Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano;
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878; Winders,
Sacrificed at the Alamo
, pp. 16–18; Roberts and Olson,
A Line in the Sand
, p. 18; Borroel,
The Texan Revolution of 1836
, p. 35; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, pp. 5–16 and 177 note; Dimmick,
Sea of Mud
, p. 7; Borroel, ed. and trans.,
Field Reports of the Mexican Army During the Texan War of 1836
, vol. iii, p. 26; Santos,
Santa Anna’s Campaign Against Texas
, p. 45; “Caminos de Guanajuanto,”
American Airlines Mexo
, p. 40; Fowler,
Santa Anna of Mexico
, pp. xi, xxii, 9, 13, 20.
^47.
Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, p. 177 note.
^48.
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878;
Maryland Gazette
, November 26, 1835;
San Antonio Daily Express
, February 24, 1929; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, pp. 56, 457; Jackson,
Alamo Legacy
, pp. 85–88; Groneman,
Alamo Defenders
, p. 117; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, pp. 2, 173,
175; Lord,
A Time to Stand
, p. 165; Winders,
Sacrificed at the Alamo
, p. 57; Hardin,