Exodus From the Alamo: The Anatomy of the Last Stand Myth (68 page)

Texian Iliad
, p. 113; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 60.
^49.
San Antonio Express-News
, November 22, 1902;
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, p. 173
^50.
Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, pp. 173, 175; Lord,
A Time to Stand
, p. 166.
^51.
San Antonio Express
, June 23, 1878; Matovina,
The Alamo Remembered
, pp. 55–56;
Maryland Gazette
, November 5, 1835.
^52.
San Antonio Daily Express
, January 5, 1878; Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano; Borroel,
The Texan Revolution of 1836
, p.
81; Matovina,
The Alamo Remembered
, p. 113.
^53.
Jackie R. Booker,
“Needed but Unwanted: Black Militiamen in Vera Cruz, 1760–1810,” The Historian,
vol. 55, issue 2, (1993) p. 259–277.
^54.
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878; Rothenberg,
The Art of Warfare in the Age of Napoleon,
p. 69; Joseph E. Chance,
Jefferson Davis’s Mexican Regiment
(Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 1991), p. 97.
^55.
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878; Gaddy,
Texas in Revolt
, p. 26.
^56.
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878; Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Mexicano; Secretaria de la Defensa, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano; Nelson,
The Alamo
, p. 50; Borroel,
The Texan Revolution of 1836,
p. 81.
^57.
Nelson,
The Alamo
, pp. 50-51.
^58.
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878; DePalo,
The Mexican National Army
, p. 24; Borroel,
The Texan Revolution of 1836
, p. 81.
^59.
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878.
^60.
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878;
New York Times
, February 23, 1895; Fox, Archaeology, History, and Custer’s Last Battle, pp. 49–60, 260–262, 267–269; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, pp. 50–52; Fox,
Archaeology, History, and Custer’s Last Battle
, pp. 46–50, 337.
^61.
New York Times
, February 23, 1895.
^62.
Ibid; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, pp. 2, 176–179;
New York Herald
, June 27, 1836; Long,
Duel of Eagles
, p. 244.
^63.
San Antonio Express
, June 23, 1878.
^64.
New York Herald
, June 27, 1836.
^65.
Rothenberg,
The Art of Warfare in the Age of Napoleon
, pp. 68–70; Matovina,
The Alamo Remembered
, p. 106; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, p. xvi; Georges Blond,
La Grande Armée
(London: Arms and Armour, 1997), p. 279.
^66.
Stephen G. Fritz,
Frontsoldaten, The German Soldier in World War II
(Lexington, Ky: University Press of Kentucky, 1997), p. 70.
^67.
San Antonio Express
, June 23, 1878; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 457; Uecker,
The Archaeology of the Alamo
, p. 41; Winders,
Sacrificed at the Alamo
, p. 117.
^68.
San Antonio Express
, June 23, 1878; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 457; Lundstrom, “Assault at Dawn,”
Campaign
, p. 10; Nelson,
The Alamo
, pp. 48, 107; Uecker,
The Archaeology of the Alamo
, pp. 25–28, 31–32, 34; Hardin,
Texian Iliad
, p. 148.
^69.
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878; Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Military Mexicano; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, pp. 370,
477; Chemerka,
Alamo Anthology
, pp. 69–70; Groneman,
Alamo Defenders
, pp. 117–118; Walker,
The Life of Andrew Jackson
, p. 72.
^70.
Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano; Borroel, ed.,
The Texan Revolution of 1836
, pp. 68, 81.
^71.
Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 477.
^72.
Ibid;
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878.
^73.
New York Herald
, June 27, 1836.
^74.
Borroel,
The Texan Revolution of 1836
, p. 81.
^75.
Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Achivo Historico Militar Mexicano; Perry, eds and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, p. 52.
^76.
Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 477.
^77.
Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 477;
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878.
^78.
Ibid., p. 370.
^79.
Borroel, ed.,
The Texan Revolution of 1836
, p. 81.
^80.
Sesma Report, March 11, 1836. Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano; Young, ed., “The Siege of the Alamo: A Mexican Army Journal,”
JABA
, p. 34.
^81.
San Antonio Express
, June 23, 1878; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader,
p. 370.
^82.
Hansen, ed,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 371; Borroel,
The Texan Revolution of 1836
, pp. 81, 83.
^83.
Lundstorm, “Assault at Dawn,”
Campaign,
n.p.; Borroel,
The Texan Revolution of 1836
, pp. 81–82.
^84.
Jackson,
Alamo Legend
, pp. 89–90.
^85.
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878;
San Antonio Express-News
, November 22, 1902; Lord,
A Time to Stand
, p. 161; Groneman,
Alamo Defenders
, pp. 74, 78–79; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, p. 33, note.
^86.
Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader,
p. 48.
^87.
Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, p. 52; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 65; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, pp. 173, 176.
^88.
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878; Borroel,
The Texan Revolution of 1836
, p. 69; Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano.
^89.
Borroel,
The Texan Revolution of 1836
, p. 69; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader,
p. 330.
^90.
Groneman,
Alamo Defenders
, pp. 47–48; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, p. 23.
^91.
Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 370.
^92.
Ibid; Hardin,
Texian Iliad
, pp. 112, 114.
^93.
Chemerka,
Alamo Anthology
, pp. 107–110; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, pp.
48; Kilgore,
How Did Davy Die?
, p. 30; Utley,
Custer and the Great Controversy
, p. 112.
^94.
Hansen,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 371.
^95.
Ibid.
^96.
Groneman,
Eyewitness to the Alamo
, p. 100; Borroel,
The Texan Revolution of 1836
, pp. 47, 80–81, 83–85, 223; Kilgore,
How Did Davy Die?
, p. 38; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, p. 3.
^97.
Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, p. 51; Long,
Duel of Eagles
, pp. 250, 252.
^98.
Borroel,
Field Reports of the Mexican Army During the Texan War of 1836
, Vol. IV, p. 60.
^99.
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878; Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano; Matovina,
The Alamo Remembered
, pp.
48, 106; Groneman,
The Alamo Defenders
, pp. 5–6; Santos,
Santa Anna’s Campaign Against Texas
, pp. 27–28, 32–33; Sutherland Manuscript, CAH.
^100.
Groneman,
Eyewitness to the Alamo
, p. 17.
^101.
Borroel, ed. and trans.,
Field Reports of the Mexican Army During the Texan War of 1836
, vol. iv, p. 60.
^102.
Governor Joaquin de Munoz y Munoz circular to Vera Cruz’s citizens, Box 2Q174, vol. 334, March 23, 1836, Center for American History, University of Texas, Austin, Texas.
^103.
Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, p. 179.
^104.
General Francisco Vital Fernandez to Secretary of War, February 15, 1836, Box 2Q174, vol.
334, Center for American History, University of Texas, Austin, Texas.
^105.
El Mosquito Mexicano
, March 22, 1836.
^106.
La Lima de Vulcano
, March 22, 1836.
^107.
Fowler,
Santa Anna of Mexico
, pp. 28–29.
Chapter 8: THE ALAMO’S MOST BITTER LEGACIES
^1.
Groneman,
Defense of a Legend
, p. 88; Hardin,
Texian Iliad
, p. 156.
^2.
Young, ed., “The Siege of the Alamo: A Mexican Army Journal,”
JABA
, 33; Levy,
American Legend
, p. 273; Groneman,
Eyewitness to the Alamo
, p. 6; Hardin,
Texian Iliad
, p. 156; Nelson,
The Alamo
, p. 111.
^3.
Jackson,
Alamo Legacy
, p. 93.
^4.
Young, ed., “The Siege of the Alamo: A Mexican Army Journal,”
JABA
, 32; Chariton,
Exploring the Alamo Legends
, p. 33; Nelson,
The Alamo
, p. 111.
^5.
Nelson,
The Alamo
, p. 54; Matovina,
The Alamo Remembered
, p. 106.
^6.
Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano; Borroel, ed. and trans.,
Field Reports of the Mexican Army During the Texan War of
1836
, vol. iv, p. 60; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, pp 176–177; Murray Montgomery, “Eyewitness to the Battle of the Alamo, an Unidentified Mexican Soldier’s Personal Account of the Historic Struggle,” TexasEscapes.com;
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878.
^7.
Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 477.
^8.
Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, p. 31; Groneman,
Defense of a Legend
, p. 68.
^9.
Groneman,
Defense of a Legend
, p. 74.
^10.
Chariton,
Exploring the Alamo Legends
, pp. 30, 32; Bob Bowman, “The Alamo’s Red River Connection,” December 17, 2000, TexasEscapes.com.; Henry Warnell biography, Handbook of Texas Online; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 44–45, 313, 324.
^11.
Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, pp. 44–45.
^12.
Arkansas Gazette
, March 29, 1836.
^13.
New York Times
, February 23, 1895.
^14.
Borroel, ed. and trans.,
Field Reports of the Mexican Army During the Texan War of 1836
, vol. iv, p. 60.
^15.
Washington Post
, October 1, 1888;
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878; Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano.
^16.
Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano: Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, pp. 176–177;
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878.
^17.
Gary S. Zaboly, New York City, to author, April 4, 2008.
^18.
Borroel,
The Texan Revolution of 1836
, pp. 83–85.
^19.
Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 64.
^20.
El Mosquito Mexicano
, April 5, 1836; DePalo,
The Mexican National Army
, pp. 52, 64–65; Roberts and Olson,
A Line in the Sand
, p. 25.
^21.
New York Herald
, April 12 and 14, 1836; Smith,
New York 1776
, p. 20; Fox,
Archaelogy,
History, and Custer’s Last Battle
, pp. 230, 255; McWhiney and Jameson,
Attack and Die
, p. 34.
^22.
Maryland Gazette
, May 12, 1836.
^23.
Barr,
Texans in Revolt
, p. ix; Lindstrom, “Assault at Dawn,”
Campaign
, p. 17.
^24.
Myers,
The Alamo
, p. 157.
^25.
Memphis Enquirer
, Memphis, Tennessee, April 12, 1836.
^26.
Lindley,
Alamo Traces
, pp. 277–278.
^27.
Fehrenbach,
Lone Star
, p. 214.; Moore,
Eighteen Minutes
, p. 339.
^28.
New York Herald
, June 27, 1836; Lord,
A Time to Stand
, p. 209.
^29.
Smith,
On to the Alamo
, p. 120.
^30.
Davis,
Three Roads to the Alamo
, p. 557.
^31.
Young, ed., “The Siege of the Alamo: A Mexican Army Journal,”
JABA
, pp. 32–33; Walker,
The Life of Andrew Jackson
, p. 327.
^32.
Winders,
Sacrificed at the Alamo
, p. 127; Long,
Duel of Eagles
, pp. 244, 246; DePalo,
The Mexican National Army
, p. 52; Hansen, ed.,