Exodus From the Alamo: The Anatomy of the Last Stand Myth (69 page)

The Alamo Reader
, p. 392.
^33.
Long,
Duel of Eagles
, pp. 244, 246; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 392.
^34.
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 30, 1889.
^35.
Jackson,
Alamo Legacy
, pp. 94–95; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader,
p. 392.
^36.
Groneman,
Eyewitness to the Alamo
, p. 76; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 392; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, p. 145; Lord,
A Time to Stand
, p. 158; Long,
Duel of Eagles
, p. 246.
^37.
Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, pp. 145, 155; William Ayers, “Fratricide: Can it be Stopped?,” Global Security Library, Alexandria, Virginia; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 392
^38.
Groneman,
Eyewitness to the Alamo
, p. 14; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, p.
48; Walker, The Life of Andrew Jackson, pp. 329, 367–368; Hansen, ed., The Alamo Reader, p. 392; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, p. 155; Lord,
A Time to Stand
, p. 67.
^39.
Perry, eds.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, pp. 80–81.
^40.
D. Clark Wernecke, Texas Archeological Research Laboratory, University of Texas at Austin, Texas, paper and presentation“Forgotten Heroes of the Republic,”; Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano.
^41.
Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, p. 147.
^42.
Nofi,
The Alamo
, pp. 135; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, p. 47.
^43.
Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, p. 47; Lord,
A Time to Stand
, p. 158; Borroel,
The Texan War of 1836
, p. 63.
^44.
Long,
Duel of Eagles
, p. 146; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, p. 46, 49.
^45.
San Luis Battalion Logbook, Jose Enrique De la Pena Papers, UT; Nofi,
The Alamo
, p. 135; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 392.
^46.
Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, p. xxii; Borroel, ed. and trans.,
Field Reports of the Mexican War During the Texan War of 1836
, vol. p. 55; Long,
Duel of Eagles
, pp. 146, 244; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, pp. 392–393.
^47.
Sutherland Manuscript, CAH; Roger Borroel, editor and translator,
Papers of Lt. Col. Jose Enrique de la Pena
(East Chicago, Indiana: “La Villita Publications,” 2001), vol. ii, p. 33.
^48.
El Mosquito Mexicano
, April 5, 1836.
^49.
R. Borroel, ed. and trans.,
Field Reports of the Mexican Army during the Texan War of 1836
, vol. iv, (East Chicago, In.: “La Villita Publications,” 2001), pp. 53, 56, 60.
^50.
New York Herald
, June 27, 1836; Borroel, ed. and trans.,
Field Reports of the Mexican Army during the Texan War of 1836
, vol. iv, pp. 53, 56, 60.
^51.
Nofi,
The Alamo
, pp. 135–136; Borroel, ed. and trans.,
Field Reports of the Mexican Army during the Texan War of 1836
, vol. iv, pp. 53, 56, 60.
^52.
Lindstrom, “Assault at Dawn,”
Campaign
, p. 17.
^53.
Chariton,
Exploring the Alamo Legends
, p. 224; Lindley,
Alamo Traces
, p. 265; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 341.
^54.
Groneman,
Eyewitness to the Alamo
, p. 34.
^55.
Lindley,
Alamo Traces
, p. 265; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader,
p. 511.
^56.
Scheina,
Santa Anna
, p. 28.
^57.
Nelson,
The Alamo
, p. 49.
^58.
Borroel, ed. and trans.,
Field Reports of the Mexican Army during the Texan War of 1836
, vol. iv, p. 56; Borroel, ed. and trans.,
Papers of Lt. Col. Jose Enrique de la Pena
, vol. ii, p. 33; Nofi,
The Alamo
, pp. 135–136; Chariton,
Exploring the Alamo Legends
, p. 224.
^59.
New York Herald
, June 27, 1836; Chariton,
Exploring the Alamo Legends
, p. 224; Groneman,
Eyewitness to the Alamo
, p. 34; Jackson, “Santa Anna’s 1836 Campaign,”
Journal of South Texas
, p. 12; Todish and Todish,
Alamo Sourcebook
, pp. 113, 165; Lamego,
The Siege & Taking of the Alamo
, p. 39.
^60.
Perry, ed., and trans,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, p. 54.
^61.
Ibid., pp. 47–51, 55;
New York Herald
, June 27, 1836; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 392; Jakie L. Pruett and Everett B. Cole, Sr.,
Goliad Massacre: A Tragedy of the Texas Revolution
(Austin: Eakin Press, 1985), p. 143.
^62.
Shackford,
David Crockett
, p. 235; Kilgore,
How Did Davy Die?
, pp. 30, 39.
^63.
Shackford,
David Crockett
., p. 229.
^64.
Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano;
New York Times
, December 15, 1907; Levy,
American Legend
, pp. 146–149, 164,
181–182; Sutherland Manuscript, CAH.
^65.
Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano;
New York Times
, December 15, 1907; Shackford,
David Crockett
, p. 235.
^66.
Groneman,
Defense of a Legend
, pp. 1–153.
^67.
Gaddy,
Texas in Revolt
, p. 51.
^68.
Santos,
Santa Anna’s Campaign Against Texas
, p. 9; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, pp. xii, 21.
^69.
Groneman,
Eyewitness to the Alamo
, p. 80; Jackson, “Santa Anna’s 1836 Campaign,”
Journal of South Texas
, p. 28; Hardin,
Texian Iliad
, p. 250.
^70.
Brear,
Inherit the Alamo: Myth and Ritual at an American Shrine
, pp. ix–4; Hardin,
Texian Iliad
, p. 250.
^71.
Richard R. Flores,
Remembering the Alamo: Memory, Modernity, and the Master Symbol
(Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press, 2002), pp. xvi–xvii, 3–12, 33–34, 60, 70–82. 95; Hardin,
Texian Iliad
, p. 250.
^72.
Clarksville Standard
, Clarksville, Texas, March 4, 1887; Hardin,
Texian Iliad
, pp. 28, 83; Santos,
Santa Anna’s Campaign Against Texas
, p. 4; Borroel, ed. and trans.,
Field Reports of the Mexican Army During the Texan War of 1836
, vol. iii, pp. 71–72; Flores,
Remembering the Alamo
, p. 32; Lozano,
Viva Tejas
, pp. 71–75; Roberts and Olson,
A Line in the Sand
, pp. 215–216.
^73.
The Telegraph and Texas Register
, January 9, 1836; Flores,
Remembering the Alamo
, pp. xvi–xvii, 3–12, 33–34, 47, 60, 70–82, 95.
^74.
Brear,
Inherit the Alamo
, pp. 8–17; Hardin,
Texian Iliad
, p. 250
^75.
Lack,
The Texas Revolutionary Experience
, pp. 250–252, 263–265; Hardin,
Texian Iliad
, p. 250.
^76.
New York Times
, December 15, 1907; Larry P. Knight, “Defending the Unnecessary: Slavery in San Antonio in the 1850s,”
Journal of South Texas
, vol. 15, no. 1 (Spring 2002) p. 57; Adam Robinson,
Slave Country, American Expansion and the Origins of the Deep South
(Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 2005), pp. ix–35, 188–224.
^77.
Charles Ball,
Fifty Years in Chains
(New York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1970), pp. vii–viii.
^78.
Alwyn Barr and Robert A. Calvert, editors,
Black Leaders, Texans For Their Times
(Austin: Texas State Historical Association, 1981), pp. 30–31; Barr,
Black Texans
, pp. 6–7.
^79.
Barr,
Black Texans
, pp. v, 3, 11–12.
^80.
Ibid., pp. 3, 5–8.
^81.
Long,
Duel of Eagles
, p. 272.
^82.
Robin G. Osterweis,
Romanticism and Nationalism in the Old South
(New Haven: Yale University Press, 1949), p. 50.
^83.
Fowler,
Santa Anna of Mexico
, pp. 174–175.
^84.
Ibid., p. 182.
^85.
Mirabeau B. Lamar to Jefferson Lamar, April 10, 1836, Mirabeau B. Lamar Papers, No. 351, Archives and Information Services Division, Texas State Library and Archives Commission, Austin, Texas; Sutherland Manuscript, CAH; Sutherland Manuscript, CAH; Perry, ed., and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, p. 53.
^86.
Typescript Diary of Major John P. Gaines, Journals and Diaries Folder, 1846, Missouri Historical Society, St. Louis, Missouri; Sutherland Manuscript, CAH.
^87.
Weems and Weems,
Dream of Empire
, pp. 67–75
^88.
Trouillot,
Silencing the Past
, pp. 1–2.
Chapter 9: FLAMES RISING HIGH
^1.
Groneman,
Eyewitness to the Alamo
, p. 76; Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Archivo Historico Militar Mexicano; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, pp. 176–179;
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 23, 1878.
^2.
Parish Death Records, January–March 1836, San Fernando Church, CAT; Ridley, Maximilian and Juarez, p. 8; Uecker,
The Archaeology of the Alamo
, p. 73;
San Antonio Daily Express
, June 30, 1889; Nelson,
The Alamo
, pp. 4–5; Sesma Report, March 11, 1836, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Achivo Historico Militar Mexicano
^3.
Borroel, ed. and trans.,
Field Reports of the Mexican Army in the Texan War of 1836
, vol. vii, p. 52; Matovina,
The Alamo Remembered
, p. 104; Nelson,
The Alamo
, p. 54; Valerie Menard, “Remember the Cottonwood?,”
Texas Park and Wildlife Magazine
, (March 2006).
^4.
Matovina,
The Alamo Remembered
, pp. 104–105.
^5.
Nelson,
The Alamo
, pp. 5, 54; Santos,
Santa Anna’s Campaign Against Texas
, p. 77;
The Telegraph and Texas Register
, March 28, 1837.
^6.
Derr,
The Frontiersman
, p. 252; Uecker,
The Archaeology of the Alamo
, p. 9; Nelson,
The Alamo
, 55; Hansen, ed.,
The Alamo Reader
, p. 47.
^7.
Jackson,
Alamo Legacy
, pp. 151–152; Groneman,
Alamo Defenders
, p. 109.
^8.
The Telegraph and Texas Register
, March 24, 1836.
^9.
Davis,
Land!
, p. 130.
^10.
The Telegraph and Texas Register
, August 2, 1836.
^11.
The Groneman,
Alamo Defenders
, p. 71.
^12.
The Telegraph and Texas Register
, July 7, 1838; Nelson,
The Alamo
, p. 111.
^13.
Groneman,
Alamo Defenders
, pp. 33, 53–54.
^14.
The Telegraph and Texas Register
, December 8, 1838.
^15.
The Telegraph and Texas Register
, November 16, 1836.
^16.
Ibid., May 26, 1837;
Frankfort Commonwealth
, May 25, 1836.
^17.
Nelson,
The Alamo
, p. 57; Santos,
Santa Anna’s Campaign Against Texas
, p. 78; Huffines,
Blood of Noble Men
, p. 3.
^18.
Parish Burial Documents, Campo Santo, Catholic Archives, San Antonio, Texas; Perry, ed. and trans,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, pp. 55, 63; Parish Death Records, January–March 1836, San Fernando Church, CA.
^19.
Matovina,
The Alamo Remembered
, p. 40.
^20.
Perry, ed. and trans,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, p. 55.
^21.
The Telegraph and Texas Register
, March 28, 1837; Sutherland Manuscript, CAH.
^22.
The Telegraph and Texas Register
, March 28, 1837.
^23.
Uecker,
The Archaeology of the Alamo
, p. 9.
^24.
Scheina,
Santa Anna
, pp. 25–26; Hardin,
Texian Iliad
, pp. 188,191, 248.
^25.
Scheina,
Santa Anna
, p. 29.
^26.
Jackson, “Santa Anna’s 1836 Campaign,”
Journal of South Texas
, p. 32; Lord,
A Time to Stand
, p. 163; Perry, ed. and trans.,
With Santa Anna in Texas
, p. 49.
^27.
Gaddy,
Texas in Revolt
, p. 75.
^28.
Ibid., p. 78.
^29.
Ibid., p. 49.
^30.
Jackson, “Santa Anna’s 1836 Campaign,”
The Journal of South Texas
, pp. 11–33.
^31.
Winders,
Sacrificed at the Alamo
, pp. 94–95.
^32.
“The Battle of San Jacinto,” by Colonel Pedro Delgado, TSL and AC.
^33.
Lack,
The Texas Revolutionary Experience
, pp. 244, 246; Moore,
Eighteen Minutes
, pp. 389–390, 392.
^34.
Chariton,
Exploring the Alamo
, pp. 1–3, 6–17.
^35.
“The Battle of San Jacinto” by Colonel Pedro Delgado, TSL and AC.