Forbidden Music (60 page)

32.
Letter from Günter Raphael to Hans Gál, 24 October 1946 (Bayerische Staatsbibliothek Munich, ANA 414).

33.
Wiesbaden was in the American Sector.

34.
‘One should not speak ill of the dead.’

35.
Max Hinrichsen (1901–1965) was eldest son of the music publisher Henri Hinrichsen (1868–1942).

36.
Straube was the conductor and organist at the Thomaskirche and had taken anti-Nazi stands since 1931. He joined the party in 1933 to keep another party member from ousting him but was relieved of his position in 1939 because of his continued anti-Nazi actions, including maintaining open relationships with Jewish friends and colleagues.

37.
The Thomaskirche was the church in which J. S. Bach was organist and music director.

38.
Letter from Günter Raphael to Hans Gál, 5 November 1946 (Bayerische Staatsbibliothek Munich, ANA 414).

39.
Dr Thomas Gayda in an undated conversation in 1994 with the author and Berthold Goldschmidt.

40.
Letter from Egon Wellesz to Elisabeth Wellesz-Kessler, 16 November 1952 (Austrian National Library, Wellesz Fond no. 13).

41.
Letter from Adrian Boult to Eric Warr (Austrian National Library, Wellesz Fond no. 1102).

42.
Letter from Adrian Boult to Leonard Issacs, 2 October 1952 (Austrian National Library, Wellesz Fond no. 1102).

43.
Lewis Foreman: ‘Alan Bush, Arthur Benjamin, Berthold Goldschmidt, Karl Rankl, Lennox Berkeley and the Arts Council's 1951 Opera Competition’, British Music Society [special number] (2004).

44.
Ibid.

45.
Ibid.

46.
Ernst Toch: ‘Der Einfall ist Alles’, UCLA Toch Collection, box 106, no. 7.

47.
The Dresden-born conductor Rudolf Kempe, who had never worked with Korngold, made a landmark recording of the Symphony (slightly cut) with the Munich Philharmonic for RCA, produced by Korngold's son, George, 15 years after his father's death.

48.
The Austrian composer and Schoen-berg pupil Karl Rankl (1898–1968) was not Jewish, though his wife was. He wrote eight Symphonies during his exile years.

49.
A reference to the Moscow Accord which stated that Austria was the first victim of Nazism and would therefore not be subject to the same war reparations and conditions as Germany.

50.
Letter from Albert Einstein to Hans Gál, 1 January 1946 (Bayerische Staats-bibliothek ANA 414).

51.
According to the written testimony of von Ficker, 28 May 1945, Wellesz Collection, Austrian National Library F-13 Wellesz 1240

52.
An interesting claim as Austria no longer existed and was part of Germany at this point. Schenk himself had arrived from Rostock, though he was born in Salzburg. It throws a fascinating light on the self-identification of even such avid Nazi-supporting Austrians as Schenk.

53.
Austrian National Library, Music Col-lection, Wellesz Collection, no. 1240.

54.
Ibid.

55.
The Wellesz Collection at Austria's National Library contains correspondence from Hans Keller to Wellesz with an accompanying clipping from
Kurier
, 27 June 1967.

56.
Gerhard Scheit/Wilhelm Svoboda:
Feindbild Gustav Mahler
, Sonderzahl, Wien, 2002, p. 157.

57.
Letter from Albert Einstein to Hans Gál 15 February 1947 (Bayerische Staatsbibliothek ANA 414).

58.
Letter from Heinz Tietjen to Hans Gál, 23 August 1951 (Bayerische Staats-bibliothek ANA 414).

59.
Beecham's defence was that he had conducting contracts in Australia and America which were not completed until after the declaration of war. He subsequently employed Furtwängler's Jewish secretary, Dr Berta Geissmar.

60.
Letter from Georg Szell to Hans Gál, 15 October 194[?] (Bayerische Staats-bibliothek ANA 414). Correspondence in Britain and America during the war was carried out between German-speaking exiles in English to get past the censors.

61.
Letter from Georg Szell to Hans Gál, 30 May 1946 (Bayerische Staatsbibliothek ANA 414).

62.
Letter from Georg Szell to Hans Gál, 14 July 1946 (Bayerische Staatsbibliothek ANA 414).

63.
Cabinet meeting minutes (Robert Knight, ed.) on the matter of restitution to the Jews, from ‘Transcripts from the Austrian Federal Republic governments from 1945–52’, Frankfurt am Main, 1988, p. 114. Taken from the essay by Karl Pfeifer:
Geschichts-manipulation im österreichischen Schulbuch
, Linz: Veritas, 2003

64.
Monika Kropfl:
Preise und ihre Ver-gabepolitik im Österreich der Nach-kriegszeit am Beispiel von Hans Gál und Egon Wellesz
(Vienna: Mandelbaum, 2004), pp. 119–24

65.
Austrian National Library, Hand-schriftensammlung 833/26-5.

66.
Austrian State Archives, Bundesministerium für Unterricht, Akt 86.693/53 GZ7C/ 1948–1955.

67.
Austrian National Library, Hand-schriftensammlung 833/26-4.

68.
Letter from Egon Kornauth to Joseph Marx, 16 December 1956 (Austrian National Library, Handschriftensamm-lung 833/26-4).

69.
Thacker 2007, p. 64.

70.
Cited in Robert Craft:
Stravinsky: Selected Correspondence
(London and Boston: Faber, 1985), vol. 3, p. 218.

71.
Theodor Adorno:
Musik und Neue Musik
, Musikalische Schriften I-III Finale. Berlin: Suhrkamp, 1986 GS 16 p. 477.

72.
Wagner 2008, p. 205.

73.
Letter from Paul Wittgenstein to Luzi Korngold, 24 February 1958 (Korngold collection, Portland, Oregon).

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