God's Chinese Son (59 page)

32.
                                
Tianxiong       shengzhi,
1:26b. This "second sister Chen" was possibly older sister to "third sister Chen," prominent among Hong's court women in 1860, as shown in
TR,
931.

33.
  
TR,
390, translation of
Tiancjing daolishu,
in
Yinshu,
29b.

34.
       
Hamberg,
Visions,
45, says Hong Rengan sent the message. Hong's son was born in Daoguang 29/10/9. Jen,
Ouanshi,
1:128.

35.
 
The three were Huang Shengjue, Hou Changbo, and Jiang Longchang. See Jen,

Quanshi,
1:191; Hamberg,
Visions,
47, 53;
TR,
811, on "Hou Ch'ang-po and Huang Sheng- chueh," probably also refers to their role on this trip. See also Wang,
Tianfu,
81 and n. 1, on Hou Changbo; Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
352-53, on Jiang Longchang's death in 1852.

36.
 
Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
55; Jen,
Quanshi,
1:192.

37.
 
Tianxiong shengzhi,
1:24b, Daoguang 29/11/27.

38.
 
Hamberg,
Visions,
47-48.

39.
 
TR,
374; Hamberg,
Visions,
46; Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
56.

40.
       
TR,
374-75, modified from
Tianqing daolishu,
in
Yinshu,
lib; Wang Qingcheng, in
Tianfu,
195 n. 1, explains why he believes Yang had recovered by Sept., as opposed to the Nov. date given in
Tianqing daolishu.

41.
       
On the ulcers
(chuangdu)
see
Tianxiong shengzhi,
2:13b, Daoguang 30/8/1; Wang,
Tianfu,
66.

42.
  
Tianxiong shengzhi,
1:46b-47, Daoguang 30/3/4.

43.
 
Ibid., 1:47b, Daoguang 30/4/22.

44.
 
Ibid., 2:8, Daoguang 30/7/26.

45.
       
Ibid., 1:52b, Daoguang 30/6/20; Wang,
Tianfu,
50; Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
43- 44, for Chen and Qin.

46.
 
Tianxiong shengzhi,
1:54b—55.

47.
 
Ibid., 1:53.

48.
 
Ibid., 1:53b—54.

49.
 
Ibid., 1:54.

50.
       
The logistics, quarrels, and final success can be reconstructed from several messages in
Tianxiong shengzhi,
2:l-3b, those dated Daoguang 30/7/5, 30/7/16, 30/7/18, 30/7/19, and 30/7/21; Wang,
Tianfu,
55-57.

Chapter 10: Earth War

1.
       
Tianxiong shengzhi,
1:48, Daoguang 30/6/19 (27 July 1850); Jiang, "Dengji," suggests April 3, 1850, as Hong's throne day.

2.
 
Zhuang, "Ling Shiba," 102, gives a full list.

3.
 
Tianxiong shengzhi,
2:25, Daoguang 30/9/10.

4.
       
Ibid., 2:26b, Daoguang 30/9/25; Wang,
Tianfu,
77; Wang, "Jintian qiyi," 72-88, fully analyzes the uprising as a process throughout 1850.

5.
 
Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
49, and Zhuang, "Ling Shiba," 101.

6.
 
TR,
133,
Taiping junmu,
in
Yinshu,
1-2.

7.
 
TR,
137-38,
Taiping junmu,
in
Yinshu,
32;
TR,
419-20.

8.
       
See Shih,
Taiping Ideology,
259-64, for a meticulous analysis; and Biot, trans.,
Le Tcheou-li,
vol. 2, bk. 28.

9.
       
E.g.,
Tianxiong shengzhi,
2:23, Daoguang 30/8/20, for "face" in the context of Yang's illness.

10.
       
See ibid., 2:1 lb—12, Daoguang 30/7/29, literally "Those two men don't recognize much of characters written in ink" and "accomplish things by natural talent." See also the mockery of geographical and astronomical scholarship ibid., 2:18b, Daoguang 30/8/9, and of classical poetry in 2:33b, Taiping 1/3/18.

i 1. Ibid., 2:22, where Yang Liu is given a hundred blows on Daoguang 30/8/19 although he had apparently already reached the eighth commandment without an error.

       
TR,
123, modified following
Tian
tiaoshu,
in
Yinshu,
11 b—12.

       
Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
58-60; Hamberg,
Visions,
48-49; Guo Tingyi,
Shishi,

92.

       
Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
67-68; Laai, "Pirates," 95, 199-204; Jen,
Quanshi,
1:214-20, valiantly tries to unravel all the overlapping and contradictory accounts of these conflicts.

       
Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
62-63; Jen,
Quanshi,
1:218-19, on Zhang Yong; Wang, "Jintian qiyi," 64-71, dismisses much prior discussion of this battle as unreliable.

       
Tianxiong shengzhi,
2:27, Daoguang 30/11/first ten days of month.

       
Guo Yisheng,
Ditu,
33-34.

       
TR,
425.

       
TR,
425-26.

       
The Chinese date of the battle was Daoguang 30/11/29. Guo Yisheng,
Ditu,
33-34; Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
64-65; Jen,
Quanshi,
1:221-23; Guo Tingyi,
Shishi,
97. Jen somewhat garbles Ikedanbu's name.

       
Tianming zhaozhi shu,
in
Yinshu,
6, modifying
TR,
103; Guo Tingyi,
Shishi,
98. Kuhn, "Taiping Rebellion," 273-74, sees Hong's Jan. 11, 1851, birthday as marking the time "a political regime had at last emerged from Hung's messianic vision."

       
Laai, "Pirates," 204-5; Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
68; Hamberg,
Visions,
55-56; Guo Tingyi,
Shishi,
98, 100.

       
Guo Tingyi,
Shishi,
104-7; Hamberg,
Visions,
53-55; Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
71-72.

       
Tianxiong shengzhi,
2:40, for this
zaibing
of Hong, Taiping 1/3/20; Guo Tingyi,
Shishi,
108-15; Wang, "Jintian qiyi," 84-87; Jiang, "Dengji," suggests a formal earlier date of April 3, 1850.

       
Tianxiong shengzhi,
2:30, Taiping 1/2/28.

       
Ibid., 2:30-32b, Taiping 1/2/28.

        
TR,
99.

     
Tianxiong shengzhi,
2:35.

       
Ibid., 2:37b—38, Taiping 1/3/18, modifying
TR,
99-100; this is one of the only
Tianxi­ong shengzhi
passages chosen for inclusion in the
Tianming zhaozhi shu;
see
Yinshu
ed., 2.

       
Tianxiong shengzhi,
2:38b-39, for Lai's failure to attend, and 2:39-40, for Huang's and Wei's lateness, and Chen's hasty responses.

       
Zhuang, "Ling Shiba." Ling never joined Hong and was killed by Qing troops in 1852. Ling's two 1850 approaches to Jintian and the Taiping caution are in
Tianxiong shengzhi,
2:4a-5b and 2:25b, Daoguang 30/7/22 and 30/9/10; Ling's campaigns are shown in detail in Guo Yisheng,
Ditu,
28, 31; for a harsh Taiping view of Ling see
TR,
392-93.

        
Tianxiong shengzhi,
2:40b, Taiping 1/5/12.

       
Women in
Tianxiong shengzhi
2:42, Taiping 1/6/27.

       
TR,
427 and n. 2. The Taiping used the phrase "belonging to the third watch"—i.e., the midnight hours—as a euphemism for the deserters.

        
Tianxiong shengzhi,
2:42, Taiping 1/6/27.

       
See
TR,
100, and
Tianxiong shengzhi,
2:42, both dated 1/7/13.

       
TR,
104, Xianfeng 1/7/19, modified according to
Tianming zhaozhi shu,
in
Yinshu,
6b-7b.

       
Curwen,
Deposition,
83.

       
Zhong,
Yongan
11-13; Guo Yisheng,
Ditu
41-42.

Chapter 11: The First City

1.
 
Zhong,
Yongan,
22-23, on Hong's residence.

2.
 
TR,
105-6, modified from
Tianming zhaozhi shu,
in
Yinshu,
8b-9.

3.
 
Zhong,
Yongan,
24-26.

4.
 
Ibid., 29-32, 36, 42-43.

5.
       
Shih,
Taiping Ideology,
158-60, on the treasury and brotherhood; Wagner,
Heavenly Vision,
48-57, on salvation history and the millennium. Kuhn, "Taiping Rebellion," 276, emphasizes the mix in Yongan of "religious content" and "ethnic nationalism." Bohr, "Eschatology," 198-206, discusses the emergence in Yongan of a new form of "charismatic" leadership, and the identification of the Manchus with the forces of evil.