God's Chinese Son (62 page)
56.
Ibid., 61.
57.
NA-DD, Microcopy 92, roll 10, Macao, April 8, 1854; and Shanghai, June 14, 1854; Teng Yuan Chung, "Roberts," 61; Tong,
Diplomacy,
148-49.
58.
NA-DD, 92:10, Capt. Buchanan letter of May 26, 1854, enclosed with McLane of June 14 and marked "Exhibit A"; also cited in
TR,
521-22.
59.
Clarke and Gregory,
Reports,
109;
TR,
525.
60.
TR,
526.
61.
As recalled by Lewin Bowring, in Clarke and Gregory,
Reports,
168.
62.
TR,
528-29.
63.
TR,
529-30, citing NA-DD, 92:10, enclosed with McLane of June 14, but reworking it in light of the Chinese original.
64.
TR,
527.
65.
NA-DD, memorandum of June 1, 1854, enclosed with McLane of June 14 as Exhibit C, Dispatch no. 6, by Charles F. Forbes, Assistant Surgeon.
66.
See the Irish mercenary quoted in Clarke and Gregory,
Reports,
199.
67.
NA-DD, June 1, 1854, Exhibit C.
68.
TR,
531.
69.
Clarke and Gregory,
Reports,
131.
70.
McLane June 14, cited ibid., 133.
71.
Ibid., 135.
72.
Ibid., 136-37.
Chapter 15: The Split
1.
Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
171, 175.
2.
Ibid., 185-88.
3.
Ibid., 182-83.
4.
Ibid., 193-94; Guo Yisheng,
Ditu,
67-68.
5.
Wright,
Last Stand,
chap. 9; Kuhn,
Rebellion,
chap. 4.
6.
Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
237—38. Chen was the nephew of Chen Chengyong.
7.
Ibid, 202-3, 210-12; Guo Yisheng,
Ditu,
73-74, 77.
8.
Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
196-98, 254-56; Wakeman,
Strangers,
chaps. 14 and 15; Guo Yisheng,
Ditu,
97.
9.
Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
131-32; Withers, "Heavenly Capital," 178-80.
10.
Guo Tingyi,
Shishi,
appendix, 41-44.
11.
Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
206-7, on communications, and 209.
12.
TR,
199-200, 203.
13.
TR,
200, 204, 213.
14.
TR,
205, 215, 217. An early warning of Hong's violence to his wife was given by Jesus through Xiao Chaogui in 1849; see
Tianxiong shengzhi,
1:13b.
15.
TR,
205-7, one change.
16.
TR,
214-15.
17.
TR,
217;
Tianfu xiafan zhaoshu,
no. 2, in
Yinshu,
19.
18.
See reprises in
Tianxiong shengzhi,
1:5, Daoguang 28 (1848) middle of 11th month.
19.
Ibid, 1:13, Daoguang 29/1/18.
20.
Ibid, 2:14b, Daoguang 30/8/1.
21.
TR,
217;
Tianfu xiafan zhaoshu,
no. 2, in
Yinshu,
19.
22.
Tianxiong shengzhi,
1:3b—4, Daoguang 28/10/24.
23.
W. H. Medhurst, the original author of this Chinese text, translated it back into English with meticulous notations on the additions and deletions, the whole Hong version appearing in
NCH,
Sept. 22, Sept. 29, Oct. 6, 1855. See also
TR,
344-64.
24.
TR,
201-3, 219;
Tianfu xiafan zhaoshu,
no. 2, in
Yinshu,
20b; 1 John 5:7;
TR,
234, for Hong's familiarity with the verse; and Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
159-60.
25.
TR,
204;
Tianfu xiafan zhaoshu,
no. 2, in
Yinshu,
7, where Qin (the "Ting-t'ien-hou") has
tofu(a),
or "carry on the back," the East King, while Wei
fu(b),
"escorts," Hong to his palace.
26.
TR,
218, modified following
Tianfu xiafan zhaoshu,
no. 2, in
Yinshu,
20.
27.
TR,
214,
Tianfu xiafan zhaoshu,
no. 2,
Yinshu,
17.
28.
Fishbourne,
Impressions,
239 n, for Tiangui as the third brother;
TR,
202 n, citing Xie Jiehe, a Nanjing resident under the Taiping, for Feng.
29.
TR,
377-78.
30.
TR,
379, 391; Xia,
Zongjiao,
93.
31.
Tianfu shengzhi,
5-9, dated Taiping 4/1/27. Manacled were Chen Chengyong, Meng De'en, and Shi Dakai's father-in-law, Huang Yukun; accused and pardoned, Lu Xianba; see Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
161, for Lu's Ten Commandments work; executed was Chen Zongyang.
32.
In
Tianfu shengzhi,
7, God /Yang specifically reminds the audience of the earlier Huang Yizhen and Zhou Xineng cases. For Zhou, see also
TR,
89-97; for Huang,
TR,
102, 443.
33.
Tianfu shengzhi,
3-4; see also Wagner, "Operating," 133-34, for a somewhat different translation and analysis.
34.
Tianxiong shengzhi,
1:5b—6; Wang,
Tianfu,
7; Wagner, "Operating," 131.
35.
TR,
200-16, identifies four different passages quoted by Yang from the
Analects
and one from the
Great Learning.
36.
Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
230-31, original translation by Jen Yu-wen, slightly modified following Chinese text in Jen's
Quanshi,
2:1084.
37.
Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
266-67, and
Quanshi,
2:1271-76.
38.
Gregory,
Great Britain,
173; most of this report by Lewin Bowring and W. H. Med- hurst Jr. is included in Clarke and Gregory,
Reports,
157-71. Their entire longhand draft, with deletions and corrections, is preserved in PRO/FO 671/2.
39.
PRO / FO 17/214, folio pp. 198v-99, also cited in full in Gregory,
Great Britain,
180— 86, quotations on 181; Clarke and Gregory,
Reports,
170, on the envelope.
40.
PRO/FO 17/214, folio pp. 203r and v; Gregory,
Great Britain,
186. Two key discussions of this passage are Wagner,
Heavenly Vision,
44-46, 65, and Xia,
Zongjiao,
103-8.
41.
Gregory,
Great Britain,
187-88.
42.
Ibid., 190-91.
43.
PRO / FO 17/214, folio p. 207v; Gregory,
Great Britain,
189-90; Lewin Bowring in Clarke and Gregory,
Reports,
171, on the "synod."
44.
Gregory,
Great Britain,
193.
45.
Clarke and Gregory,
Reports,
165, 168.
46.
Tianfu shengzhi,
12b-13, dated Taiping 4/6/1; Xia,
Zongjiao,
98-100; Wagner, "Operating," 136—37.
47.
Tianfu shengzhi,
12b—13b, dated Taiping 4/6/1.
Chapter 16: The Killing
1.
Tianfu shengzhi,
15, dated Taiping 5/3/19; Clarke and Gregory,
Reports,
187.
2.
TR,
442, modified following Xiang,
Ziliao,
3:191;
Tianfu shengzhi,
16, dated 5/6/17.
3.
See seven examples in
Tianfu shengzhi,
dated 4/8/24, 4/12/13, 5/2/13, 5/6/7, 5/6/17, 5/8/ 17, and 5/11/2.
4.
All these procedures can be seen in
Tianfu shengzhi,
20-24b, dated 5/7/19, and 32b- 33, dated 6/3/5.
5.
I.e.,
Tianfu shengzhi,
25b-27b, dated 5/8/26; Clarke and Gregory,
Reports,
196, shows a case of Hong going to Yang's palace.
6.
Tianfu shengzhi,
26b, dated 5/8/26.
7.
Ibid., 31b, dated 5/9/5.
8.
Ibid., 29b, dated 5/8/27, calling God "Tian Agong."
9.
See Guo Tingyi,
Shishi,
appendix, 21, for their 1854 kingships as Yanwang and Yuwang;
Tianfu shengzhi,
14, dated 4/12/13; Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
292, for cancellation.
10.
Tianfu shengzhi,
14b-15, dated 5/2/13.
11.
TR,
385-86, case of Li Yusong; for this punishment, see Zhang Runan,
Jinling,
716.
12.
TR,
393-94, case of Li Fengxian.
13.
Tianfu shengzhi,
16b—19b, dated 5/6/28, for four such cases.
14.
Ibid., 19b—20, dated 5/6/30.
15.
Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
278-86; Clarke and Gregory,
Reports,
181-85.
16.
Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
290-91; Curwen,
Deposition,
86.
17.
Curwen,
Deposition,
198; Clarke and Gregory,
Reports,
180; Dr. J. MacGowan, in an article for
NCH,
April 25, 1857, nicknames the man "Canny," but does not query the accuracy of his account. E. C. Bridgman, in an earlier letter to
NCH,
Jan. 2, 1857, also sees "no reason to question the accuracy" of the Irishman's story. The entire account is printed in three consecutive issues of the
Overland Friend of China,
1857: Jan. 15, issue 1, p. 2; Jan. 21, issue 2, p. 10; Jan. 30, issue 3, supplement. These will be cited as #1, #2, and #3. My special thanks to Nicholas Spence for procuring the copies of this text for me.
18.
Wong,
Calendar,
228-29, item 26.
19.
Gregory,
Great Britain,
208, citing Captain Mellersh, June 24, 1854; another "negro" who joined the Taiping in 1853 is mentioned in Clarke and Gregory,
Reports,
182.
