God's War: A New History of the Crusades (186 page)

Second General Council of the Church at (1274)
688
,
706
,
814
–16,
837
,
840
,
849
;
Constitutiones pro zeli fidei
815

Ma ‘arrat al-Nu ‘man
142
,
145
,
149
–50,
190
,
192
,
270

Mabel of Bellême
83

Maccabees, the
30
–31,
41
,
86
,
380
,
421
,
477
,
906
,
909
,
912

Magdeburg, ‘crusade’ circular of
246
,
263
,
674
–6,
677

Magna Carta
615
,
617

Magna Mahomeria (al-Bira)
220
,
221
–2,
223
,
232
,
754

Magnus II, king of Sweden
697
–8

al-Mahdiya
54

crusade to (1390)
852
–3

Mainz
78
,
100
,
101
–2,
103
,
104
,
105

diet of (‘Curia Christi’) (1188)
377
,
387
,
392
,
394
,
419

Maldon, battle of (991)
40

Malik Shah, Seljuk sultan
126
–7,
128

Mamistra
132

mamluks, slave warriors
22
,
348
,
352
,
415
,
729

Bahriyya division
771
,
789
,
790
–91,
792
,
795
,
797
,
807

Mamluks, rulers of Egypt
22
,
715
,
720
–21,
722
,
732
,
770
,
806
–7,
817
,
826
,
831
–4,
836
–7,
845
,
861
,
884

Manasses, bishop of Orléans
563
–6

Manasses, archbishop of Rheims
172

Manasses of Hierges, constable of Jerusalem
208
,
220

Manfred, king of Sicily
806
,
898

Mansourah
646
–7,
788
,
789
–94,
796

battle of (1250)
789
,
792
–4,
797
,
799

al-Mansur, ruler of al-Andalus
53
,
54
,
657
,
670

Mantua, conference at (1459–60)
870

Manuel I Comnenus, Byzantine emperor
194
,
218
,
236
,
273
,
286
,
289
,
291
,
318
–19,
321
–9,
331
,
335
,
342
,
346
–7,
510
,
533
–7

Manuel II Palaeologus, Byzantine emperor
849
,
851

Manzikert, battle of
11
,
49
,
82
,
127

Marasch
132

Margaret of France, queen of Hungary
421

Margaret of Provence, queen of France
789
,
796
,
811

Margat (Marqab), castle of
446
,
817

Maria of Antioch, sister of Bohemund III
194

Maria of Antioch, daughter of Bohemund IV
731

Maria Comnena, queen of Jerusalem
212
,
357
–61,
372

Maria la Marquise, queen of Jerusalem
493
,
632
,
724
,
725

Marienburg, becomes Teutonic Knights’ HQ
842

Marinid rulers of Morocco
671

Marino Sanudo Torsello, Venetian writer
718
,
802
,
827
–8,
905

Marmoutier, abbey of
63
,
70
,
71
,
74

Marseilles, preaching in
619

Marsilius of Padua
905

Martin, abbot of Pairis
498
,
503
–4,
506
,
517
,
520
,
553
,
557

Martin IV, pope
898

Mary, mother of Jesus, as war goddess and patroness
687
–8

‘Master of Hungary’, the, demagogue
804

Matthew Gentile, count of Lesina
625
,
645

Matthew Paris, monk and chronicler
625
,
717
,
721
,
762
–3,
772
,
800

Matthias Corvinus, king of Hungary
872

Matilda, daughter of Henry I of England, countess of Anjou
195
,
207
,
208
,
300

Matilda, wife of King Stephen, queen of England
255

Mawdud, ruler of Mosul
190
,
203
,
227
,
271

Mecca
203
,
345
,
362

Medina
203
,
345

Mehmed I, Ottoman sultan
852

Mehmed II, the Conqueror, Ottoman sultan
844
,
845
,
850
,
851
,
863
–6,
868
,
871
,
872

Meinhard, missionary
689
,
690

Melisende, queen of Jerusalem
207
,
208
,
209
–10,
232
,
264
,
277
,
332
,
334
,
335
,
345
,
357

Psalter of
210
,
236

Memel
689

Merzifon, battle of
174
,
175

Messina, and Third Crusade
436
,
441
–3,
450
,
532

Mestwin, duke of Danzig
703

Mezenc, castellans of
86

Michael VIII Palaeologus, Byzantine emperor
557
,
815
,
849

Michael Choniates, archbishop of Athens
537

Miesco I, king of Poland
5
,
10

Miguel de Cervantes
673

Milan, Milanese
3
,
175

Patarines of
46
–7,
48

Miles of Plancy, seneschal of Jerusalem
209
,
220
,
357
,
359
,
360

Milo of Brébant
510

Milo of Evry-le-Châtel
300

Mindaugas, king of Lithuania
702

miscegenation, stories of
175
,
230
,
750

Mohacs, battle of (1526)
844

Moissac, monks of St Peter’s of
80

Mongols, the
641
,
705
,
715
,
718
,
722
,
755
–6,
769
,
770
–71,
772
,
784
–6,
798
,
801
,
806
–7,
813
,
815
–16,
817
,
818
,
826
,
838
,
913
–14

Monreal del Campo, militia of
256

Montferrand (Ba ‘rin)
188
,
197
,
198

Montfort (Galilee), Teutonic Knights’ HQ
748
,
754

Montgisard, battle of (1177)
352
,
353
,
360
,
363

Montréal (Shawbak)
203
,
224
,
239
–40,
372
,
403
,
404
,
405
,
639

Frankish widow of
240
,
404

Montségur, massacre at (1244)
603

Morphia of Melitene
186

Mosul
12
,
187
,
344
,
352
,
353
,
362
,
364

motives
84
–9,
163
–4,
168
,
171
–2,
262
,
266
,
398
,
502
,
504
–5,
506
–7,
603
,
680
,
685
–9,
691
,
707
,
709
,
711
–12,
759
,
769
,
772
,
782
,
795
,
800
,
809
,
883
–4

Mount Pilgrim (Qal’at Sanjil)
196

Mount Tabor
362
–3,
612
,
628

al-Mu ‘azzam, ruler of Damascus
612
,
628
,
636
–7,
645
,
746
,
748
,
749

al-Mu ‘azzam Turanshah, sultan of Egypt
789
,
790
,
794
–7

Muhammed, prophet
51
,
362

Muhammed, Seljuk prince
128

Muhammed, sultan of Baghdad
270
–71,
272

al-Muqtadi, caliph of Baghdad
128

Murad II, Ottoman sultan
844
,
846
,
862
–3

Muret, battle of (1213)
587
,
594
,
595
,
669

Muslim converts to Christianity
228
,
638
–9,
656
,
670
,
811
,
815

vice versa
788

al-Mustansir, caliph of Egypt
128

Myriokephalon, battle of (1176)
342
,
535

Nablus
224
,
229
–30

council of (1120)
206
,
226
,
254

assembly of (1167)
355

assembly at (1186)
365

Naim al-Din Ayyub
188
,
350

Napoleon Bonaparte
802

Narbonne, council of (1054)
43

Naser-e Khosraw, Persian traveller
81

al-Nasir, caliph of Baghdad
353

al-Nasir Dawd, ruler of Damascus and Kerak
749
,
764
–9

Nicaea
11
,
59
,
75
,
98
,
113
,
121
,
124
,
129
,
135
,
142
,
317
,
320
,
321

Nicephoras Phocas, Byzantine emperor
53

Nicetas, Cathar leader
574
,
579

Nicetas Choniates, civil servant and historian
423
,
425
,
514
,
515
,
536
,
537
,
546
,
553

Nicholas, leader at Cologne of Children’s Crusade
610
–11

Nicholas II, pope
14

Nicholas IV, pope
829
,
840
,
905

Nicholas V, pope
863
,
865
,
866

Nicholas Kannovos, Byzantine emperor
549

Nicholas Mesarites
553

Nicholas Sabraham
885
–6

Nicomedia
82
,
83
,
173
,
174
,
323

Nicopolis, battle of (1396)
836
,
837
,
843
,
847
,
856
–7

Niklot, prince of the Abotrites
305
–7,
678
–80,
683

Nîmes, Council of
74

Nivelo of Fréteval
86

Nivelo, bishop of Soissons
519
,
553
,
557

Nizam al-Mulk, vizier of Baghdad
127
,
128

Norman conquest of England
17
,
19
,
44
–5,
46
,
48
,
218

Normans in Greek service
77
,
82
,
108
,
113
–14,
116
,
193
–4,
262
,
534

Normans in Italy and Sicily
11
–12,
13
–15,
46
,
54
,
55
,
119

numbers on crusade
77
,
79
,
83
–4,
89
,
97
,
112
,
117
,
124
,
130
,
134
,
143
,
153
,
160
,
179
,
308
,
317
,
333
,
374
,
389
–90,
398
,
413
,
416
,
418
,
433
,
434
,
435
–6,
441
,
443
,
449
,
472
,
497
,
512
–14,
520
–21,
525
,
531
,
533
,
554
,
621
,
626
–7,
635
,
638
,
707
–8,
743
,
745
,
746
,
747
–8,
764
,
775
,
781
,
782
,
786
–7,
808
–10,
813
,
815
–16,
832
,
852
–3,
854
–6,
867