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Authors: Peter Longerich

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152.
TB, 19 and 30 March 1941.

153.
See also TB, 8 April 1945 (resistance).

154.
This was reported by Steengracht, the former state secretary in the Foreign Ministry, in a postwar statement; see
IMT
10, 128.

155.
Lakowski, “Der Zusammenbruch,” 633ff.

156.
Heiber (ed.),
Goebbels Reden
, no. 447, quotations 448, 454, 455.

157.
Kershaw,
Hitler. 1936–1945
, 1027ff.

158.
Koller,
Der letzte Monat
, 43f.

159.
Oven,
Mit Goebbels bis zum Ende
, vol. 2, 308. By contrast, the account by Hans Fritzsche appears implausible because of his desire to exonerate himself. See Springer,
Es sprach Hans Fritzsche
, 28ff.: “Why did you work for me?! Now you’re going to get your throat cut” (30).

160.
OKW KTB
IV, 1453.

161.
Oven,
Mit Goebbels bis zum Ende
, 22 April 1945, vol. 2, 310f.; LA Berlin, Rep. 058, no. 6012, Statement by Günther Schwägermann, Hannover, 16 February 1948.

162.
Kershaw,
Hitler. 1936–1945
, 1034ff.; Joachimsthaler,
Hitlers Ende
, 148ff.; on the battle for Berlin, see Lakowski, “Zusammenbruch,” 656ff.

163.
Domarus II
, 2228.

164.
Statement by Speer in
IMT
16, 582f.; Speer,
Erinnerungen
, 485f.

165.
Der Spiegel
, 10 January 1966 (excerpt from Hitler military conferences from 23, 25, and 27 April 1945), 34 (25 April).

166.
Ibid., 37 (25 April).

167.
Ibid., 39 (25 April). He takes a similar line in the second military conference on 25 April (ibid.).

168.
OKW KTB
IV, 1461ff.

169.
Joachimsthaler,
Hitlers Ende
, 185; Registry Office certificate published in
Domarus II
, 2234.

170.
Domarus II
, 2241.

171.
Magda reports this in a letter to Harald.

172.
On Hitler’s suicide, see Joachimsthaler,
Hitlers Ende
, 201ff.; final conversation with Magda according to a statement by Günsche, 221f.

173.
Joachimsthaler,
Hitlers Ende
, 233 (statement by Axmann).

174.
Kempka,
Die letzten Tage mit Adolf Hitler
, 97f.

SOURCES

1.
Elke Fröhlich (ed.),
Die Tagebücher von Joseph Goebbels
, 32 vols. The last volume of text came out in 2006. This work was preceded by a first edition, also edited by Elke Fröhlich, covering the period from 1924 to 1941:
Die Tagebücher von Joseph Goebbels. Sämtliche Fragmente
. In addition, in 1992, Ralf Georg Reuth published a five-volume selection from previously unknown diary texts discovered in Moscow in that year:
Joseph Goebbels, Tagebücher 1924–45
.

2.
Osobyi-Archiv, 1363–3.

3.
Boelcke (ed.),
Kriegspropaganda 1939–1941
.

4.
BAK, ZSg 101, 102 and 109.

5.
Semmler (properly “Semler”),
Goebbels;
Borresholm (ed.),
Dr. Goebbels nach Aufzeichnungen aus seiner Umgebung;
Stephan,
Joseph Goebbels;
Oven,
Mit Goebbels bis zum Ende;
Schaumburg-Lippe,
Dr. G
.

6.
Riess,
Goebbels
.

7.
Fraenkel and Manvell,
Goebbels
.

8.
Heiber,
Joseph Goebbels
.

9.
Reimann,
Dr. Joseph Goebbels
.

10.
Reuth,
Goebbels
.

11.
Bärsch,
Der junge Goebbels
.

12.
Gathmann and Paul,
Narziss Goebbels
.

13.
Thacker,
Joseph Goebbels
.

14.
Bering,
Kampf um Namen
.

15.
Höver,
Joseph Goebbels
.

16.
Barth,
Goebbels und die Juden
.

17.
Michels,
Ideologie und Propaganda
.

PHOTO CREDITS

1.1
: Courtesy of The Granger Collection

2.1
: Courtesy of Agentur Karl Hoffkes

3.1
: Courtesy of Art Resource

4.1
: Courtesy of Mary Evans Picture Library

5.1
: Courtesy of The Granger Collection

6.1
: Courtesy of The Granger Collection

7.1
: Courtesy of AKG Images

8.1
: Courtesy of Art Resource

9.1
: Courtesy of AKG Images

10.1
: Courtesy of The Granger Collection

11.1
: Courtesy of Getty Images

12.1
: Courtesy of Ullstein Bild

13.1
: Courtesy of Art Resource

14.1
: Courtesy of The Granger Collection

15.1
: Courtesy of Art Resource

17.1
: Courtesy of Suddeutsche Zeitung Photo

18.1
: Courtesy of Mary Evans Picture Library

19.1
: Courtesy of The Granger Collection

20.1
: Courtesy of The Granger Collection

21.1
: Courtesy of The Granger Collection

22.1
: Courtesy of Mary Evans Picture Library

23.1
: Courtesy of Art Resource

24.1
: Courtesy of The Granger Collection

25.1
: Courtesy of AKG Images

26.1
: Courtesy of The Granger Collection

27.1
: Courtesy of Suddeutsche Zeitung Photo

28.1
: Courtesy of Bayerisch Staatsbibliothek

29.1
: Courtesy of The Granger Collection

BY PETER LONGERICH

Goebbels: A Biography

Heinrich Himmler

Holocaust: The Nazi Persecution and Murder of the Jews

The Unwritten Order: Hitler’s Role in the Final Solution

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

P
ETER
L
ONGERICH
is professor of modern German history at Royal Holloway, University of London, and founder of Royal Holloway’s Holocaust Research Centre. He has published extensively on Nazi Germany, including the acclaimed Holocaust:
The Nazi Persecution and Murder of the Jews, The Unwritten Order: Hitler’s Role in the Final Solution, and Heinrich Himmler
.

ABOUT THE TRANSLATORS

A
LAN
B
ANCE
is an emeritus professor at the University of Southampton, England. He has a BA degree from University College London and a PhD from Cambridge. He has taught in seven British and German-speaking universities. For twenty years, until his retirement in 2004, he was head of German studies at Southampton. His books include work on Theodor Fontane, Weimar Germany, and postwar Germany. His translations include Brigitte Hamann’s biography of Winifred Wagner and the novel
Kaltenburg
by Marcel Beyer.

J
EREMY
N
OAKES
is an emeritus professor of history at the University of Exeter, U.K. He is the author of
The Nazi Party in Lower Saxony 1921–1933
(Oxford, 1971) and of numerous articles and edited books on various aspects of Nazism and the Third Reich.

L
ESLEY
S
HARPE
is an emeritus professor of German at the University of Exeter, U.K., and has published extensively on eighteenth-century literature. She is the author of
Friedrich Schiller: Drama, Thought and Politics
(Cambridge, 1991) and edited
The Cambridge Companion to Goethe
(Cambridge, 2001).

BOOK: Goebbels: A Biography
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