192 Smith, A. P., “Stress, Breakfast Cereal Consumption and Cortisol,” Nutritional Neuroscience 5, no. 2 (2002): 141-44.
193 Cook’s Illustrated.com . “Tasting Lab: The Scoop on Vanilla Ice Cream—Updated.” May 2006.
194 Simon, Michele, Appetite for Profit: How the Food Industry Undermines Our Health and How to Fight Back . New York: Nation Books, 2006.
195 Tillotson, James E., “America’s Obesity: Conflicting Public Policies, Industrial Economic Development, and Unintended Human Consequences,” Annual Review of Nutrition 24 (2004): 617-43.
196 Lambert, Craig, “The Way We Eat Now: Ancient Bodies Collide with Modern Technology to Produce a Flabby, Disease-Ridden Populace,” Harvard Magazine (2004).
197 Bovard, James, Archer Daniels Midland: A Case Study in Corporate Welfare . Cato Institute, 1995.
198 Imhoff, Dan, The Citizen’s Guide to a Food and Farm Bill . Watershed Media, 2007.
199 Diliberti, Nicole, et al., “Increased Portion Size Leads to Increased Energy Intake in a Restaurant Meal,” Obesity Research 12, no. 3 (2004): 562-68.
200 Levine, Allen S., Catherine M. Kotz, and Blake A. Gosnell, “Sugars and Fats: The Neurobiology of Preference,” Journal of Nutrtition 133, no. 3 (2003): 831S-34S.
201 Levine, A.S., C.M. Kotz, and B.A. Gosnell, Sugars and fats: the neurobiology of preference. Journal of Nutrition , 2003. 133(3): p. 831S- 834S.
202 Drewnowski, Adam and Allen S. Levine, “Sugar and Fat—from Genes to Culture,” Journal of Nutrition 133, no. 3 (2003): 829S-30S.
203 Nestle, Marion, Food Politics. How the Food Industry Influences Nutrition and Health . Berkeley: University of California Press, Ltd., 2002.
204 Center for Science in the Public Interest. Lifting the Veil of Secrecy. Corporate Support for Health and Environmental Professional Associations, Charities and Industry Front Groups . Washington, DC, 2003.
207 Lesser, Lenard I., et al., “Relationship between Funding Source and Conclusion among Nutrition-Related Scientific Articles,” PLoS Med 4, no. 1 (2007): 1-6.
208 Mello, Michelle M., Brian R. Clarridge, and David M. Studdert, “Academic Medical Centers’ Standards for Clinical-Trial Agreements with Industry,” New England Journal of Medicine 352. no. 21 (2005): 2202-10.
209 Committee on Nutrition in Medical Education. Nutrition Education in U.S. Medical Schools . Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences, 1985.
210 Zeisel, Steven H. and Claudia S. Plaisted, “CD-Roms for Nutrition Education,” Journal of American College of Nutrition 18 (1999): 287.
211 Fairfield, Kathleen M., et al., “A Prospective Study of Dietary Lactose and Ovarian Cancer,” International Journal of Cancer 110 (2004): 271-77.
212 Genkinger, Jeanine M., et al., “Dairy Products and Ovarian Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of 12 Cohort Studies,” Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention 15 (2006): 364-72.
213 Larsson, Susanna C., Nicola Orsini, and Alicja Wolk, “Milk, Milk Products and Lactose Intake and Ovarian Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis of Epidemiological Studies,” International Journal of Cancer 118, no. 2 (2006): 431-41.
214 Virtanen, Suvi M., et al., “Cow’s Milk Consumption, Hla-Dqb1 Genotype, and Type 1 Diabetes: A Nested Case-Control Study of Siblings of Children with Diabetes. Childhood Diabetes in Finland Study Group,” Diabetes 49, no. 6 (2000): 912-17.
215 Akerblom, Hans K. and Mikael Knip, “Putative Environmental Factors in Type 1 Diabetes,” Diabetes Metabolism Review 14, no. 1 (1998): 31-67.
216 Karjalainen, J., et al., “A Bovine Albumin Peptide as a Possible Trigger of Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus,” New England Journal of Medicine 327, no. 5 (1992): 302-7.
217 Scott, Fraser W., “Cow Milk and Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus: Is There a Relationship?” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 51, no. 3 (1990): 489-91.
218 Hankinson, Susan E., et al., “Circulating Concentrations of Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 and Risk of Breast Cancer,” Lancet 351.9113 (1998): 1393-96.
219 Cardogan J., et al., “Milk Intake and Bone Mineral Acquisition in Adolescent Girls: Randomised, Controlled Intervention Trial,” British Medical Journal 315, no. 7118 (1997): 1255-60.
220 Chan, June M., et al., “Plasma Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 [Igf-1] and Prostate Cancer Risk: A Prospective Study,” Science 279 (1998): 563-66.
221 Heaney, R. P., et al., “Dietary Changes Favorably Affect Bone Remodeling in Older Adults,” Journal of the American Dietetic Association 99, no. 10 (1999): 1228-33.
222 Scrimshaw, Nevin S. and Edwina B. Murray, “The Acceptability of Milk and Milk Products in Populations with a High Prevalence of Lactose Intolerance,” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 48 (1988): 1083-85.
223 Kirk, Andrea B., et al., “Perchlorate in Milk,” Environmental Science and Technology 37, no. 21 (2003): 4979-81.
226 Lanou, Amy Joy, Susan E. Berkow, and Neal D. Barnard, “Calcium, Dairy Products, and Bone Health in Children and Young Adults: A Reevaluation of the Evidence,” Pediatrics 115, no. 3 (2005): 736-43.
227 Weinsier, Roland L. and Carlos L. Krumdieck, “Dairy Foods and Bone Health: Examination of the Evidence,” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 72 (2000): 681-89.
228 Feskanich, Diane, et al., “Milk, Dietary Calcium, and Bone Fractures in Women: A 12-Year Prospective Study,” American Journal of Public Health 87, no. 6 (1997): 992-97.
229 Midkiff, Ken, The Meat You Eat. How Corporate Farming Has Endangered America’s Food Supply . New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2004.
230 Mulkern, Anne C. “When Advocates Become Regulators.” Denver Post , May 24, 2004.
231 Drewnowski, Adam, “The Real Contribution of Added Sugars and Fats to Obesity,” Epidemiology Reviews 29 (2007): 160-71.
232 Popkin, Barry M., “The Nutrition Transition and Obesity in the Developing World,” Journal of Nutrition 131, no. 3 (2001): 871S-73S.
234 Mokdad, Ali H., et al., “Actual Causes of Death in the United States, 2000,” Journal of the American Medical Association 291 (2004): 1238-45.
235 Flegal, Katherine M., et al., “Excess Deaths Associated with Underweight, Overweight, and Obesity,” Journal of the American Medical Association 293, no. 15 (2005): 1861-67.
236 Gibbs, W., “Obesity: An Overblown Epidemic?” Scientific American . Vol June; 2005.
237 Flegal, Katherine M., et al., “Supplement: Response To ‘Can Fat Be Fit,’” Scientific American January 2008.
238 Al Snih, Soham, et al., “The Effect of Obesity on Disability vs Mortality in Older Americans,” Archives of Internal Medicine 167.8 (2007): 774-80.
239 Dolan, Chantal M., et al., “Associations between Body Composition, Anthropometry, and Mortality in Women Aged 65 Years and Older,” American Journal of Public Health 97, no. 5 (2007): 913-18.
240 Janssen, Ian, “Morbidity and Mortality Risk Associated with an Overweight BMI in Older Men and Women,” Obesity (Silver Spring) 15, no. 7 (2007): 1827-40.
241 McTigue, Kathleen, et al., “Mortality and Cardiac and Vascular Outcomes in Extremely Obese Women,” Journal of the American Medical Association 296, no. 1 (2006): 79-86.
242 Gu, Dongfeng, et al., “Body Weight and Mortality among Men and Women in China,” Journal of the American Medical Association 295, no. 7 (2006): 776-83.
243 Arndt, Volker, et al., “Body Mass Index and Premature Mortality in Physically Heavily Working Men-a Ten-Year Follow-up of 20,000 Construction Workers,” Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 49, no. 8 (2007): 913-21.
244 Laara, Esa and Paula Rantakallio, “Body Size and Mortality in Women: A 29 Year Follow up of 12,000 Pregnant Women in Northern Finland,” Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 50, no. 4 (1996): 408-14.
245 Waaler, Hans T., “Height and Weight and Mortality: The Norwegian Experience,” Acta Medica Scandinavica Supplemantum 679 (1984): 1-56.
246 McGee, Daniel L., “Body Mass Index and Mortality: A Meta-Analysis Based on Person-Level Data from Twenty-Six Observational Studies,” Annals of Epidemiology 15, no. 2 (2005): 87-97.
248 Olshansky, S. Jay, et al., “A Potential Decline in Life Expectancy in the United States in the 21st Century,” New England Journal of Medicine 352, no. 11 (2005): 1138-45.
249 National Center for Health Statistics. Health, United States, 2007. With Chartbook on Trends in the Health of Americans . Hyattsville, MD, 2007.
250 Rosamond, W., et al., “Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics 2008 Update. A Report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee,” Circulation (2007).
251 Mathers, Colin D. and Dejan Loncar, “Projections of Global Mortality and Burden of Disease from 2002 to 2030,” PLoS Med 3, no. 11 (2006): 2011-29.
252 Social Security Administration. “Periodic Life Table.” 2007 (updated 7/9/07).
253 Wildman, R. P., P. Muntner, K. Reynolds, et al., The obese without cardiometabolic risk factor clustering and the normal weight with cardiometabolic risk factor clustering: prevalence and correlates of 2 phenotypes among the US population (NHANES 1999-2004). Arch. Intern. Med. Aug 11 2008;168(15):1617-1624.
254 Iacobellis, G., M. C. Ribaudo, A. Zappaterreno, C. V. Iannucci, and F. Leonetti, Prevalence of uncomplicated obesity in an Italian obese population. Obes. Res. Jun 2005;13(6):1116-1122.
255 Lotutu, P. A., et al., “Male Pattern Baldness and Coronary Heart Disease,” Archives of Internal Medicine 160 (2000): 165-71.
256 Barlow, Carolyn E., et al., “Physical Fitness, Mortality and Obesity,” International Journal of Obesity 19 (Supplement 4) (1995): S41-S44.