Hugo! (82 page)

383
for two weeks
James Anderson, "Opposition Resumes Protests in
Venezuela," Associated Press, December 26, 2002.

383
people selling wood
Author's interview, Lisa Sullivan,
February 12, 2007.

383
enough soda
Ibid.

383
toilet paper, and diapers
Juan Pablo Toro, "Venezuelan Navy Ship
Steams into Colombian Port to Take on Tons of Food, to Alleviate
Effects of Strike," Associated Press, January 8, 2003.

384
strike was ridiculous
Author's interview, Lisa Sullivan.

384
federal tax agency
James Anderson, "Venezuelan Opposition March
on Offices of Federal Tax Agency," Associated Press, January 7, 2003.

384
stop paying the sales tax
Frances Robles, "Chávez Ratchets Up His
War Against Broadcast Media,"
The Miami Herald
, February 1, 2003.

384
once and for all
Niko Price, "Venezuela Opposition Shuts Down
Highway," Associated Press, December 14, 2002; Jorge Rueda,
"Venezuela Bracing for Violent New Year," Associated Press,
December 31, 2002.

385
COUP PLOTTERS!
Alexandra Olson, "Venezuela's Banks
Abandon Two-Month Strike Against Chávez," Associated Press,
January 29, 2003.

385
opened their doors
Christopher Toothaker, "Thousands of
Venezuelan Bank Workers Join Nationwide Strike; Currency Value
Plummets," Associated Press, January 9, 2003.

385
still in effect
Scott Wilson, "Venezuelan Opposition Softening;
Demands Scaled Back as Government Is Said to Have Little Reason
to Compromise,"
The Washington Post
, January 15, 2003.

385
chink in the armor
Christopher Toothaker, "Venezuela Oil Output
Slowly Picking Up," Associated Press, January 24, 2003.

385
support for the walkout
Fabiola Sánchez, "Venezuelan Strike Shows
Signs of Waning," Associated Press, January 27, 2003.

386
Chávez quipped
Frances Robles, "Whatever His Foes Do, Chávez
Grows Stronger,"
The Miami Herald
, February 16, 2003.

386
first four months of 2003
López Maya,
Del Viernes Negro
,
pages 274-275.

386
$13.3 billion
Díaz Rangel,
Todo Chávez
, page 180.

386
our turn to bat
Juan Forero, "How Venezuelan Outlasted His Foes,"
The New York Times
, February 7, 2003.

389
the United States had visited
Bart Jones, "Venezuela: Divisions
Harden After Chávez Victory,"
National Catholic Reporter
,
September 8, 2004.

389
never been to the dentist
Frances Robles, "Rise of Cuban Doctors
Raises Questions for Venezuela's Chávez,"
The Miami Herald
,
August 19, 2003.

390
one-fifth of all Cuba's physicians
Ian James, "One-Fifth of Cuba's
Doctors Working in Venezuela as Oil Flows to Island," Associated
Press, July 13, 2005.

390
Pap smear units
David Adams, "Help for Poor Sways Voters in
Venezuela,"
St. Petersburg Times
, August 19, 2004.

391
stethoscopes around their necks
Robles, "Rise of Cuban Doctors."

391
few Venezuelan doctors showed up
Ibid.

391
more in 2006
Venezuela Planning and Development Ministry; author's interview, Luis Sandoval, Center for
Economic and Policy Research, January 18, 2007.

392
It really is miraculous
Marc Frank, "Eye Surgeons Bring a Ray of
Hope to the Caribbean,"
Financial Times
, October 21, 2005.

392
said program head Rafael Vargas
Robles, "Rise of Cuban Doctors."

392
saved three hundred lives
Ibid.

392
Mission Inside the Neighborhood
Elizabeth M. Nunez, "Cuban
Doctors, Clinics Don't Cure All Venezuelans," Associated Press,
November 25, 2006.

392
through the Barrio Adentro program
Mark Weisbrot, Luis Sandoval,
and David Rosnick, "Poverty Rates in Venezuela: Getting the
Numbers Right," Center for Economic and Policy Research,
May 2006.

392
She never went back
"Doctors Rouse Suspicions in Venezuela;
Chávez Opponents Say Cubans Are Sent to Slums to Bolster
President, Not Provide Care,"
The Washington Post
, August 23, 2003;
Brian Ellsworth, "Cuban Doctors Lend Hand in Venezuela;
Chávez Backs Health Program in the Slums,"
Houston Chronicle
,
August 10, 2003.

393
been a godsend
Ibid.

393
never seen here before
Author's interview, Maria Barrio,
April 11, 2006.

394
a cage in Caracas
Richard Gott,
Hugo Chávez and the Bolivarian
Revolution
, pages 258-259.

394
dance and soccer
Ian James, "Revolutionary University or Political
Ploy? School for the Poor Draws Controversy," Associated Press,
July 28, 2005.

394
their initiation in 2003
Chesa Boudin, "Letter from Venezuela:
Land of Chavismo,"
The Nation
, November 16, 2006.

395
between 41 and 44 percent
Weisbrot, Sandoval, and Rosnick,
"Poverty Rates in Venezuela."

395
People in the North
Gary Marx, "Chávez Touts 21st Century
Socialism,"
Chicago Tribune
, July 15, 2005.

397
social theater
Juan Forero, "As Venezuela Slides, the Poor Stand By
Their Man,"
The New York Times
, April 30, 2003.

397
the state fulfilling its responsibilities?
"The Essential Lesson of
Chávez,"
National Catholic Reporter
, September 8, 2004.

398
little or no government assistance
Reed Lindsay, "Chávez Gives
Hope to Barrios,"
Sun-Sentinel
, August 19, 2003; Gary Marx,
"Venezuela's Poor Stick By Chávez; Many Still Have Hope Despite
Lack of Progress So Far,"
Chicago Tribune
, June 14, 2003.

398
He loves the people
Marx, "Venezuela's Poor Stick By Chávez."

399
taking over the country
Bart Jones, "Venezuela: Divisions
Harden After Chávez Victory,"
National Catholic Reporter
,
September 8, 2004.

399
a moment in history
Juan Forero, "Visitors Seek a Taste of
Revolution in Venezuela,"
The New York Times
, March 21, 2006.

399
that live in poverty
Brian Ellsworth, "Chávez's Social Reforms
Impress American Liberals; US Visitors Hail Attack on Poverty,"
Fort Lauderdale Sun-Sentinel
, October 6, 2004.

399
the other side of the story
Ibid.

400
the Bolivarian Revolution," he said
Gregory Wilpert,
"Delegation of Prominent US Progressive Leaders Visits Venezuela,"
www.venezuelanalysis.com
, January 8, 2006.

400
oversaw the ceremony
"Media Misinforms About Situation in
Venezuela, According to African-American Activists,"
www.venezuelanalysis.com
, January 9, 2004.

400
the legacy of Dr. King
"Venezuela Honors Martin Luther King Jr.
with School Named After Him,"
www.venezuelanalysis.com
,
January 10, 2004.

401
the rest of his property
José de Cordoba, "As Venezuela Tilts
Left, a Rum Mogul Reaches Out to Poor,"
The Wall Street Journal
,
November 11, 2004; David Adams, "Rum Maker Concocts Mix for
Social Reform,"
St. Petersburg Times
, October 10, 2004.

401
conference on social programs
Ibid.

401
"this would be a different country"
Adams, "Rum Maker Concocts
Mix for Social Reform."

403
two-to-one margin
"US Pollsters: Venezuela President Could Lose
Recall Referendum," Associated Press, April 2, 2003.

403
Venezuelans against him
Scott Wilson, "Venezuelans Pin Hopes on
Chávez Referendum,"
The Washington Post
, August 17, 2003.

403
left-leaning university professor
Juan Forero, "Chávez Urges Deference
to Electoral Board,"
The New York Times
, September 1, 2003.

403
solving the problem
Scott Wilson, "Venezuelan Petition Drive Fair,
Observers Say,"
The Washington Post
, December 2, 2003.

404
pressure people to sign
Steve Ellner, "Recall Fever Spreads South;
Chávez Faces Third Ouster Attempt,"
In These Times
, January 19,
2004.

404
within a matter of days
Margarita López Maya,
Del Viernes Negro al
Referendo Revocatorio
, page 280.

404
legal right to protest
Steve Ellner, "Chávez Escapes Recall;
But the Venezuela Opposition Escalates Its Tactics,"
In These Times
,
April 12, 2004.

405
emergency vehicles
Fabiola Sánchez, "Venezuelan Rioting Spreads
as Panel Rules Opposition Lacks Signatures Needed for Chávez
Recall," Associated Press, March 2, 2004.

405
in Caracas alone
Steve Ellner, "Chávez Escapes Recall; But the
Venezuela Opposition Escalates Its Tactics,"
In These Times
,
April 12, 2004.

405
three hundred injured
Francisco Olivares,
Las Balas de Abril
, page 26.

405
signatures appeared the same
López Maya,
Del Viernes Negro
,
page 286.

406
the machinery of the state
Nora Boustany, "Signing on to Challenge
Hugo Chávez,"
The Washington Post
, July 9, 2004.

407
a small fish representing Venezuela
Ellner, "Chávez Escapes Recall."

407
walk away victorious
James Anderson, "Venezuelan President Hugo
Chávez to Face Aug. 15 Recall," Associated Press, June 9, 2004.

407
a dead heat
Gary Marx, "Chávez Rallying as Recall Vote Nears;
Social Spending Boosts Appeal of Venezuelan Leader,"
Chicago
Tribune
, August 8, 2004.

407
since he was first elected
Mary Beth Sheridan, "Turnout Massive in
Venezuela's Vote on Chávez; Polling Hours Extended for Recall,"
The
Washington Post
, August 16, 2004.

408
fell out in early 2002
Marta Harnecker, "After the Referendum:
Venezuela Faces New Challenges,"
Monthly Review
, November 2004.

408
fomenting a riot
Bernard Arsonson, "Venezuela's Fake Democrat,"
The New York Times
, August 14, 2004.

408
opposed Chávez
Moisés Naím, "Hugo Chávez and the Limits of
Democracy,"
The New York Times
, March 3, 2003.

409
infrastructure projects
Juan Forero, "Free-Spending Chávez Could
Swing Vote His Way,"
The New York Times
, August 14, 2004.

409
freshness to the campaign
Harnecker, "After the Referendum."

410
joined a UBE
Jonah Gindin, "Chavistas in the Halls of Power,
Chavistas on the Street,"
NACLA Report on the Americas
, March 2005.

410
here's the proof
Sheridan, "Turnout Massive in Venezuela's Vote."

410
everywhere they showed up
Jimmy Carter, "Venezuelan Election
Trip Report," Carter Center, August 13-18, 2004.

410
mainly in poor sectors
Ibid.

411
the owner refused
Bart Jones, "Venezuela: Divisions Harden After
Chávez Victory,"
National Catholic Reporter
, September 8, 2004.

412
where the elites ruled
Ibid.

412
not as a defeat
Juan Forero, "Venezuela Votes by Large Margin to
Retain Chávez,"
The New York Times
, August 17, 2004.

412
Major Defeat for Chávez
Andrew Selsky, "US Polling Firm Lands
in Middle of Venezuelan Referendum Dispute," Associated Press,
August 19, 2004.

412
act like an activist
Ibid.

412
Carter later told reporters
Forero, "Venezuela Votes by Large Margin
to Retain Chávez."

413
"Serias Dudas"
Carter, "Venezuelan Election Trip Report."

413
J. Adam Ereli said
Mary Beth Sheridan, "What Next for Venezuela?
Economic Woes, Political Gridlock Are Seen Likely to Linger,"
The
Washington Post
, August 18, 2004.

413
the government had won
Juan Forero, "Opposition Rejects Audit
Plans in Venezuela Recall Vote Dispute,"
The New York Times
,
August 19, 2004; Carter, "Venezuelan Election Trip Report," Carter
Center, August 19, 2004.

413
one news report said
Forero, "Venezuela Votes by Large Margin to
Retain Chávez."

413
we have observed
David Adams, "Venezuelan President's Recall Vote
Today,"
St. Petersburg Times
, August 15, 2004.

413
to prevent multiple voting
Carter, "Venezuelan Election Trip
Report," Carter Center, August 13-18, 2004.

414
supremely implausible
Jennifer McCoy, "What Really Happened in
Venezuela,"
The Economist
, September 4, 2004.

414
as collateral
Sandra Hernandez, "Boca Raton, Fla. Electronic
Voting System Maker Gambles on Venezuela Vote,"
South Florida
Sun-Sentinel
, July 9, 2004.

414
outcome of the vote
Gary Marx, "Chávez Foes Seek Wider Audit;
Opposition Snubs Partial Review,"
Chicago Tribune
, August 19, 2004;
Brian Ellsworth, "A Crucial Vote for Venezuela and a Company,"
The New York Times
, July 20, 2004.

414
They do not
"Hugo Chávez Wins,"
The New York Times
,
August 18, 2004.

414
almost a pathology
Jones, "Venezuela: Divisions Harden."