Marked for Death (49 page)

97
   Lewis,
Sagittarius Rising
, p.137

98
   Nordhoff, Charles & Hall, James,
Falcons of France
, p.85

99
   Yeates,
Winged Victory
, p.330

100
  Anderson, H. G.
et al.
,
The Medical and Surgical Aspects of Aviation
, p.24

101
  Johns, W. E., ‘The Last Show’ in
The Camels Are Coming
, p.191

102
  Rippon, T. S. & Manuel, E. G., ‘Report on the Essential Characteristics of Successful and Unsuccessful Aviators’,
The Lancet
, 28th September 1918.

103
  Strange,
Recollections of an Airman
, p.169

104
  Bishop, William A.,
Winged Warfare
, p.146

105
  
ibid
, p.150

106
  Reynolds, Quentin,
They Fought for the Sky
, p.176

107
  Bishop,
Winged Warfare
, p.38

108
  Lewis,
Sagittarius Rising
, pp.231–2

109
  Stark,
Wings of War
, pp.54–5

110
  Quoted in
Naval Eight
, p.32

111
  Strange,
Recollections of an Airman
, p.86

112
  Westerman, Percy F.,
Winning his Wings
, pp.90–1

113
  Lee,
No Parachute
, p.197

114
  Nordhoff & Hall,
Falcons of France
, p.215

115
  Stark,
Wings of War
, pp.108–9

116
  Wortley,
Letters from a Flying Officer
, p.118

117
  Johns, W. E.,
Popular Flying
, May 1932

118
  Lee,
No Parachute
, p.208

Chapter 7

119
  Compston, R. J. O., in
Naval Eight
, p.83

120
  Wortley,
Letters from a Flying Officer
, p.153

121
  See
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18309913

122
  Franks, Norman,
Sharks among Minnows
, p.41

123
  Bishop,
Winged Warfare
, p.116

124
  Kilduff,
Billy Bishop VC
, p.71

125
  Reynolds,
They Fought for the Sky
, p.81

126
  Mackenzie, C. R., in
Naval Eight
, p.197

127
  quoted in Kilduff,
op. cit.
, p.133

128
  Hanson,
First Blitz
, p.58

129
  Morris, A.,
Bloody April
, p.15

130
  Franks,
Sharks among Minnows
, p.113

131
  Kilduff,
Black Fokker Leader
, p.8

132
  Quoted in McAllister, Hayden, ed.,
Flying Stories

133
  Kilduff,
Black Fokker Leader
, p.21

134
  Halliday, Hugh,
Valour Reconsidered: Inquiries into the Victoria Cross
, p.145

135
  Bishop,
Winged Warfare
, pp.221–2

136
  Alex Revell,
www.billybishop.net/bishopP.html

137
  Kilduff,
Billy Bishop VC

Chapter 8

138
  Lee,
Open Cockpit
, p.59

139
  Neumann,
The German Air Force in the Great War
, p.125

140
  Alder, J. Elrick, ‘Some Notes on the Medical Aspect of Aviation’, in Hamel, Gustav & Turner, Charles C.,
Flying
, p.336

141
  Quoted in Seibert, E. G., ‘The Effects of High Altitudes upon the Efficiency of Aviators’,
The Military Surgeon
, vol. 42, p.145

142
  Birley, J. L., ‘War Flying at High Altitudes’,
The
Lancet
, 5th June 1920.

143
  
ibid.

144
  
The Chronicles of 55 Squadron
, pp.29–30

145
  
British Medical Journal
, 27th April 1918, p.487

146
  Neumann,
The German Air Force in the Great War
, pp.141–2

147
  
ibid.
pp.163–4

148
  The March 1917 issue of
Flying
advertised Sidcot suits for eight guineas from Robinson & Cleaver Ltd in Regent Street with the slogan ‘Keeps you warm at 20,000 feet up’.

149
  Wyllie, H., Imperial War Museum, 84/5/1, entry of 30th March 1916

150
  Anderson
et al.
,
The Medical and Surgical Aspects of Aviation
, pp.199–200

151
  Wortley,
Letters from a Flying Officer
, p.189

152
  Gibson, T. M., ‘The genesis of medical selection tests for aircrew in the United Kingdom’,
RAF Historical Society Journal
, No. 43, p.11

153
  Silbey, David,
The British Working Class and Enthusiasm for War, 1914
–1916
, p.44

154
  Beckett, I, ‘The Territorial Force’, in Beckett, Ian & Simpson, Keith, eds,
A Nation in Arms
, as quoted in DeGroot, Gerard J.,
Blighty
(Longman, 1996), p.43

155
  Rippon & Manuel, ‘Report on the Essential Characteristics of Successful and Unsuccessful Aviators’,
The Lancet
, 28th September 1918

156
  Gilchrist, Norman S., ‘An Analysis of Causes of Breakdown in Flying’,
British Medical Journal
, 12th October 1918, pp.401–3

157
  Stamm, L. E., ‘Medical Aspects of Aviation’,
The Aeronautical Journal
, Vol. XXIII, Jan. 1919

158
  McWalter, J. C., letter to
British Medical Journal
, 7th November 1917

159
  Coe, H. C., ‘The Flying Temperament’, editorial in
The Military Surgeon
, Vol. XLIII (1918).

160
  Stamm, ‘Medical Aspects’

161
  Rippon & Manuel, ‘Report on the Essential Characteristics’

162
  Birley, J. L., ‘The Principles of Medical Science as Applied to Military Aviation’,
The Lancet
, 29th May 1920

163
  Lewis,
Sagittarius Rising
, p.149

164
  See Previc, F. H. & Ercoline, W. R.,
Spatial Disorientation in Aviation

165
  Lee,
Open Cockpit
, p.130.

166
  Draper, Major C., in
Naval Eight
, p.56

167
  Bishop, W.,
Winged Peace
, p.38

168
  Anderson
et al.
,
The Medical and Surgical Aspects of Aviation
, p.110

169
  See Green, N. D. C., ‘The Fight Against G’,
RAF Historical Society Journal
, no. 43, pp.67–8

170
  Lee,
Open Cockpit
, p.142.

171
  Stamm, ‘Medical Aspects’

172
  See ‘Injuries and Diseases of Aviation’,
British Medical Journal
, 11th March 1916, p.389

Chapter 9

173
  Lee,
No Parachute
, pp.293–4

174
  
ibid
, p.312

175
  Penrose,
British Aviation
, p.271

176
  
ibid.
, p.57

177
  
ibid.
, p.308

178
  Hamel, Gustav & Turner, Charles C.,
Flying
, p.310

179
  Barker, Ralph,
The Royal Flying Corps in World War I
(Robinson, 2002), p.313

180
  ‘Vedrine’ (posting 24),
www.theaerodrome.com/forum/other-wwi-aviation/54948-parachutes-3.html

181
  Hartney, Harold Evans,
Up and At ’Em
, quoted in the above forum, posting no. 19

182
  Anderson
et al.
,
The Medical and Surgical Aspects of Aviation
, p.176

183
  Reynolds,
They Fought for the Sky
, p.171

184
  Haupt-Heydemarck, Georg Wilhelm,
War Flying in Macedonia
, p.131

185
  Lee,
No Parachute
, p.95

186
  Johns, W. E., ‘The Last Show’,
The Camels are Coming

187
  Dyson, Freeman,
Disturbing the Universe
, p.27

188
  Quoted in Wortley,
Letters from a Flying Officer
, p.35

189
  
London Review of Books
, 8th November 2012

Chapter 10

190
  Mackay, Richard,
The Royal Naval Submarine Service 1901
–18

191
  Quoted in
The Times’ History of the War
, Vol. vii, ch. cviii, p.1

192
  Hanson,
First Blitz
, p.22

193
  Blatchford, Robert,
General von Sneak
, p.53

194
  
The Times’ History of the War
, Vol. vii, p.19

195
  Wortley,
Letters from a Flying Officer
, p.115

196
  Hanson,
First Blitz
, p.122

197
  Quoted in Hanson,
First Blitz
, pp.134–5

198
  Quoted in Hanson,
First Blitz
, p.59

199
  Burge, Major C. Gordon, ed.,
The Annals of 100 Squadron
, p.20

200
  Quoted in Gibbs, N. H.,
History of the Second World War
, Vol. 1, pp.553–4

201
  Hine, Air Chief Marshal Sir Patrick,
RAF Historical Society Journal
, No. 57 (2014), p.151

Chapter 11

202
  Lawrence, T. E.,
Seven Pillars of Wisdom
, p.101

203
  Johns, W. E.,
Popular Flying
, October 1935, quoted in Ellis & Williams, p.29

204
  Johns, W. E
.,
Popular Flying
, October 1938, quoted in
ibid
, p.32

205
  Haupt-Heydemarck,
War Flying in Macedonia
, pp.53–4

206
  See Kulikov,
Russian Aces of World War I
, p.46

207
  Haupt-Heydemarck,
War Flying in Macedonia
, p.57

208
  Quoted in
ibid.
, p.170

209
  
La Gazetta del Popolo
, 12th December 1914 (reprinted in Giulio Douhet,
Le Profizie di Cassandra
, p.244)

210
  Neumann,
The German Air Force in the Great War
, pp.260–1

211
  
ibid.
, p.261

212
  
ibid.
, p.263

213
  This author is particularly indebted to Ellis & Williams’s biography of W. E. Johns for the details of this episode.

214  Cecil Lewis,
Sagittarius Rising
, p.113

  1.  Royal Aircraft Factory Engine B.E.2c 100HP © SSPL / Getty Images

  2.  Replica B.E.2c © Stephen Slater

  3.  Maurice Farman MF.11 ‘Shorthorn’ © Topfoto

  4.  Fokker E-III © Hulton Archive / Getty Images

  5.  Anton ‘Anthony’ Fokker (1890–1939), Dutch aviation pioneer and aircraft manufacturer © Imperial War Museum / Robert Hunt Library / Mary Evans Picture Library

  6.  Adolphe Pégoud, LC-DIG-ggbain-14327, Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division

  7.  Death of Adolphe Pégoud,
www.earlyaeroplanes.com

  8.  Sopwith 1 ½ Strutter taking off from gun turret platform © Robert Hunt Library / Windmill books / UIG via Getty images

  9.  Max Immelmann (1890–1916) and Oswald Boelcke (1891–1916), together regarded as the founders of the German technique of air combat © The Granger Collection / TopFoto

10.  French airman Captain George Guynemer (1894–1917) © TopFoto

11.  Recruitment poster © The National Army Museum / Mary Evans Picture Library

12.  Women’s Participation in War © TopFoto

13.  A downed German aircraft near Verdun. France, 1916 © Photo12 / UIG / Getty Images

14.  A dead British pilot lies on the ground next © General Photographic Agency / Getty Images

15.  A falling German airman © Mary Evans Picture Library