Marlborough (100 page)

and William’s disgrace of Marlborough, 174

and Marlborough’s imprisonment in Tower, 179

and loss of Smyrna convoy, 182

and troops for Portugal, 208

and Marlborough’s Low Countries campaign, 229

Noyelle-en-Falais, General Jacques Louis, comte de, 312

Noyes, Chaplain Samuel, 8, 275, 294

Oates, Titus, 91, 178

O’Brien, Charles, 5th Viscount, 99

Occasional Conformity Bills:

(1703), 239, 248

tacked (1704), 299

Oerderen, 245

O’Farrell, Brigadier:

surrenders Diest, 75

Offenburg, 259

Oglethorpe, Lady Eleanor, 326

Oglethorpe, James Edward, 119

Oglethorpe, Lewis, 119

Oglethorpe, Colonel Theophilus, 116, 117, 119, 122, 123, 125–7, 158

Onslow, Sir Richard, 148

Opdam, General
see
Wassenaer en Obdam, General Jacob

Orange, Prince of
see
Nassau-Dietz, Johan Willem Friso

Orford, Edward Russell, Earl of:

in Whig junto, 35n; invites William to England, 137

and Marlborough’s resentment at William’s favouring foreign officers, 174

friendship with Marlborough, 175

defeats Tourville at St Vaast-la-Hougue, 179

in attack on Brest, 183–4

accused of complicity in Jacobite plot, 187

as head of Admiralty, 409, 414, 437–8

forbidden to engage French, 462

Orkney, Elizabeth Villiers, Countess of, 162, 164, 175

Orkney, Sir George Hamilton, Earl of:

elected representative Scottish peer, 20

as colonel of Royal Fusiliers, 75

announces Blenheim victory, 294

admires French behaviour at Blenheim, 296

and Marlborough’s princely status, 303

on Dutch opposition to Marlborough’s 1705 plans, 312

at Lines of Brabant, 314

at battle of Ramillies, 338, 339–40, 343–5, 347, 430

in Flanders campaign (1709), 421, 423

in battle of Malplaquet, 426, 430–1

on casualties at Malplaquet, 433

troops in Dunkirk, 469

Orléans, Princess Henriette-Anne, duchesse d’, 51–2

Ormonde, James Butler, 2nd Duke of:

and favours, 24

in Anne’s circle, 108

and conspiracy against James II, 136

as lord lieutenant of Ireland, 234

heads board acting against Marlborough, 447

succeeds Marlborough as commander-in-chief, 447, 461

proposed as viceroy of Ireland, 469

Orrery, Charles Boyle, 4th Earl of, 24, 70

Ostend, 242–3, 349, 398–9, 401

O’Sullivan, Lieutenant, 429

Oudenarde:

Marlborough advances on, 348

Marlborough reinforces, 372–3, 377

Vendôme proposes march on, 378

Marlborough enters after battle, 390

Oudenarde, battle of (1708):

Marlborough prays before, 139, 374

Hanoverian cavalry at, 202

Cadogan at, 217, 379–80

George I fights at, 261

prisoners of war, 368

site and field, 380

deployment and actions, 382–90

casualties, 389

Ouwerkerk (Overkirk), Hendrik van Nassau, Heer van:

moves against Villeroi, 241–2

at Lines of Brabant, 259–60, 315, 317, 320

relations with Marlborough, 259

driven back to Maastricht, 310–11

makes diversionary crossing of Mehaigne, 312–13

troops exhausted, 317

Opdam refuses to serve with, 318

at battle of Ramillies, 338, 341, 346

and attempted French landing in Scotland, 369

at battle of Oudenarde, 386–8

attends council of war with Marlborough, 391

death, 402

Oxenstiern, General Gabriel, 429

Oxford:

Charles calls Parliament in (1681), 91

Oxford, Aubrey de Vere, 20th Earl of, 27, 50, 138, 158

Oxford and Mortimer, Robert Harley, 1st Earl of:

and creation of peers, 28–9

and succession to Anne, 192, 468

Cadogan asks leave to accompany Marlborough on travels, 211

Strafford praises Cadogan to, 217

and Parliament’s refusal of pension to Marlborough, 234

and Marlborough’s attack on Lines of Brabant, 247, 315

and payment for Blenheim Palace, 301, 445

influence on Anne, 304

and Sunderland’s appointment to Vienna, 304

Marlborough writes to on 1705 campaign, 310

and Marlborough’s 1706 operations against Villeroi, 333

in Anne’s all-party government, 351, 353–4

and Abigail Masham, 354–5, 412, 438

criticises management of war in Spain, 363

Godolphin and Marlborough demand dismissal, 363–4

and Greg’s treasonable activities, 363

Marlborough’s relations with, 365

leaves government, 373

relations with Anne, 412

opposition policy, 438

and Sacheverell trial, 438

heads government, 442, 447

urges dismissal of Godolphin, 443

arranges dismissal of de Cardonnel, 445

attempts to deny Marlborough’s patronage, 447

Marlborough requests funding for 1711 campaign, 454

opens peace negotiations with Torcy, 458

and Marlborough’s wish for end to war, 460

calls on Anne to dismiss Marlborough, 461

and Philip V of Spain and Treaty of Utrecht, 462

and Marlborough’s departure for continent, 464

dismissed by Anne, 469

impeached, 470, 472

Paget, John, 184

Palatinate:

Turenne’s campaign in, 81

Pallavicini, Lieutenant General Charles Emmanuel, Baron, 368

Palmer, Lady Barbara (Lady Barbara Fitzroy), 65

Palmes, Major General Francis, 292–3, 324, 360, 416

Palmes, Patrick, 36

Panton, Thomas, 431

Parke, Colonel Dan, 297–8

Parker, Captain Robert:

on battle of Malplaquet, 8, 428

dismissed by Tyrconnell, 133

Protestantism, 133

on siege of Venlo, 228

and capture of Liège, 229

and surrender of Chartreuse, 230

and Farewell’s raid on Marlborough’s yacht, 231

on Villeroi’s attack on Tongres, 241

on Opdam’s flight to Breda, 245

describes marches, 262

action at Blenheim, 285, 287, 291

on drowned soldiers on broken bridge over Danube, 295

criticises Slangenburg, 323–4

at Ramillies, 334, 336, 340–2, 345

on ground at Oudenarde, 385

on Marlborough’s reconnaissance of Villars’ position, 455

in siege of Bouchain, 457

on orders to Ormonde, 462

on
Examiner
’s accusing Marlborough of cowardice, 463

praises Marlborough, 480–1

Parliament:

Convention, 44, 156

and Charles II’s request for funds for Dutch War, 77

Charles II dissolves, 91

and Popish Plot, 91

and religious differences, 110

James II dissolves, 131–2

refuses pension to Marlborough, 234

supports funding of war, 330, 355–6

first United Kingdom sitting (1707), 363

Anne dissolves (1710), 444

approves Treaty of Utrecht, 462

see also
Commons, House of; Lords, House of

Pascal, Colonel, 402

Paschall, Revd Andrew, 16, 127

peace negotiations:

Victor Amadeus-France (1696), 188

Alliance-French (1709–10), 215–16, 409–11, 410–21, 416, 435, 441, 458–60

French-Dutch (1705), 318–20

see also
Carlowitz, Peace of; Nijmegen, Peace of; Utrecht, Treaty of

Pembroke, Thomas Herbert, 8th Earl of, 325, 409

Pendlebury, Colonel, 221

Penn, William, 18, 198

Pennefather, Colonel Matthew, 207

Penruddock, Colonel John, 43

Pepys, Samuel:

in Tangier, 10, 59, 82

view of Marlborough, 10

on Nell Gwyn, 27

on restoration of Charles II, 45

on James II’s mistresses, 47

and Charles II’s army, 49

on court life, 55

on Charles II’s relations with Queen, 62

on behaviour of maids of honour, 84

rebuilds British fleet, 90

on loss of
Gloucester
, 97–9

Perryman, Robert, 222

Peter I (the Great), Tsar of Russia, 306

Peterborough, Charles Mordaunt, 3rd Earl of, 208–9, 280, 350–1, 368

Petre, Father, 129

Pfeiffer, Major General, 382

Philip V, King of Spain (
earlier
Philippe, duc d’Anjou):

and War of Spanish Succession, 192–3, 357, 410, 420

and peace negotiations (1709–10), 435, 458

recognised as king of Spain, 458

and succession to French throne, 462

Philipsburg, 159–60

Pick, Lieutenant, 69

Plassendale (Passchendaele), 399

Plattenburg, General, 382

Plessen, Christian Siegfried von, 107

Plymouth:

and William’s invasion, 147

poisons, affair of the (France, 1670s), 66–7

Poltava, battle of (1709), 47

Pope, Alexander, 473

Popish Plot (1678), 17, 91–2

Portland, William Bentinck, 1st Earl of:

as William’s adviser, 158

differences with Marlboroughs, 162–3

earldom, 172

retires, 191

warns Marlborough against leaving army early, 321–2

Portmore, Major General David Colyear, 1st Earl of, 24, 205

Portsmouth, Louise de Kéroualle, Duchess of, 63, 70, 91, 93, 108–9, 312

Portugal:

campaign in, 209, 248, 350, 410

Dutch generals in, 264

agreement with Spain in Treaty of Madrid, 459

postal services:

on Continent, 223

Poulett, John, 2nd Baron, 41–3

Prendergast, Sir Thomas, 207, 372–3, 416, 428

Presbyterians:

excluded from Parliament, 39

Priest, Whadcock, 465

Prince Edward’s Island, 459

Prince
(ship), 68

prisoners of war:

exchange of, 366–7

Protestantism:

Whig support for, 37

Marlborough’a commitment to, 138–9

refugees from Palatinate, 441

see also
Huguenots

Prussia:

troops in Grand Alliance, 201–2

troops in Brabant, 326

troops at battle of Oudenarde, 382, 387–8

troops in 1711 campaign, 452–3

claim on Prince of Orange’s territory, 453

public accounts commission:

investigates Marlborough, 460

Puisan, marquis de, 204

Puissiers, Catherine, marquise de (
née
Villiers), 163

Pulteney (supplicant), 446

Purcell, Henry, 143

Puységur, Lieutenant General Jacques François de Chastenet, marquis de, 384, 431–2

Pym, John, 83

Queensberry, James Douglas, 2nd Marquess of (
ealier
Earl of Drumlanrig), 108

Quesnoy, Le, 453, 462

Raby, Thomas Wentworth, Baron
see
Strafford, 3rd Earl of

Radcliffe, Dr John, 149