Read Nation and Family: Personal Law, Cultural Pluralism, and Gendered Citizenship in India Online
Authors: Narendra Subramanian
Nation and Family: Personal Law, Cultural Pluralism, and Gendered Citizenship in India (71 page)
New Order regime,
51
N. R. Radhakrishnan v. N. Dhanalakshmi
(1975),
172–173
Nussbaum, Martha,
167
Orthodox Coptic Christian law,
60
,
65
,
66
,
201
,
295n85
Pakistan: cultural diversity in,
59–60
; effect of, movement on cultural policy in India,
44
,
81
; effect of, movement on personal law in India,
16
,
43
,
95
,
220
; immigration and,
60
,
295n84
; Indian
ulama
and, movement,
209
; kinship and land rights in,
39
; nationalism, multiculturalism, and personal law in,
59–60
,
64–65
,
66
,
66
,
71
,
200
; official nationalism and Muslim law in,
56
; regimes and personal-law in,
6
,
7
,
21
,
56
,
57
; Shariat Act in,
43
Pandey, Gyanendra,
44
Parami Ramayya v. Mahadevi Shankarappa
(1909),
154
Parashar, Archana,
33
,
98
,
101
,
106
,
111
,
120
,
134
,
143
,
184
,
236
,
239
,
292n35
Pataskar, Hari Vinayak: on application of Hindu law,
108
,
111
; on Hindu inheritance law reforms,
114–115
,
121
,
122
,
123
,
298n39
; and Hindu nationalism,
110
; jurisprudential vision of,
110–111
; on recognition of custom,
110
Patil, Shivaraj,
244–245
patrilineage: authority of,
21–22
,
35–36
,
47
,
138
; and construction of family identity,
132
; Hindu inheritance law and,
38
,
45
,
86
,
88–89
,
102–105
,
115–116
,
121–126
,
138
,
139
; Muslim inheritance law and,
11
,
37
,
43
; opposition to proposals threatening,
117
; and personal law,
5–6
,
21–22
,
35
,
47
,
48
,
53
,
71
,
72–73
,
77
,
93–94
; women’s rights and,
43
,
116
,
117
,
183–184
,
186–187
Pattanaik, G. B.,
245
Peletz, Michael,
37
personal law: agenda for further, reform in India,
281–285
; background and approaches to,
273
; in colonial India,
8–16
; comparative perspective on formation of,
3–8
,
18–23
; context of formation of,
3–8
; culturally grounded changes in,
72–77
,
286–288
; effects of changes in, on women’s rights and individual autonomy,
7
; modes of imagination of nation and approaches to,
57–78
; nationalist narratives and,
71
; nature of change in, after independence/regime change,
6
; reforms to Indian,
87–90
,
279–280
; regimes and reforms to,
49–56
,
57
; religious norms, social structure, and regional customs and,
33–40
; and secularism in India and Indonesia,
287–288
; social coalitions’ influence on,
47–57
; state-society relations and,
28–32
.
See also
colonial personal law
Perumal Naicker v. Sithalaksmi Ammal
(1955),
160
Philips Alfred Malvin v. Y.J. Gonsalvis
(1999),
260–261
pluralistic nationalism: marriage law reform and,
139
; minorities in,
64
P. Mariammal v. Padmanabhan
(2001),
164
polygyny: Hindu law reform and,
42
,
101–102
,
118
,
119
; in Israel,
42
; in Judaism,
293n56
; maintenance rights and,
176–180
; multiculturalism and,
41
,
42
.
See also
bigamy
postcolonial policy formation: background to,
93–97
; considerations influencing proposals for,
108–117
; continuities between later reform and,
141–142
; focus on Hindu law reform in,
97–100
; Hindu inheritance law and,
120–126
; Hindu marriage law and,
117–120
,
137–138
; legislation in,
117–130
; nature of changes in Hindu law in,
100–107
; options and choices in,
107–108
; outcomes and consequences of,
131–136
; overview of,
91–93
; Special Marriage Act and,
126–130
postcolonial social reforms: anticolonial nationalists’ support for,
24–25
; in India,
87–90
; introduction of,
25–28
; religious norms and,
33
poststructuralists,
31–32
,
292n31
Pragati Varghese v. Cyril George Varghese
(1997),
257–258
preferential policies: Indian multiculturalism and,
7
,
44–45
,
83
; uniformity of,
87
property: under colonial personal law,
37
; divorce and women’s rights to matrimonial,
34
,
56
,
61
,
138
,
144
,
146
,
147–148
,
198
,
228
,
230
,
247
,
252
,
260
,
262
,
264
,
281
,
283
,
295n75
,
303n24
,
315n44
; Hindu law reform and,
101–106
,
180–195
; under
Mitakshara
school,
96
; regulation of conjugality and,
106–107
; Shariat Act and,
43
; urbanization and industrialization’s effect on landed,
139
; women’s rights and,
39–40
,
135
,
280–281
.
See also
inheritance; land ownership
Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act (PWDVA),
176
,
177
,
179–180
,
309n120
Putul Devi v. Gopi Mandal
(1963),
303n33
Qasmi, Maulana Mujahidul Islam,
224
Radhakrishnan, V.,
193–194
Rahmat Ullah v. State of U.P. and Khatoon Nisa v. State of U.P
. (1994),
234
Rajagopalachari, C.,
292n45
Rajani Prabhakar Lokur v. Prabhakar Raghavendra Lokur
(1958),
157
Rajeshbai v. Shantabai
(1981),
165
Rajesh Kumar Madaan v. Mrs. Mamta alias Veena
(2005),
165
Ramakrishnan, T.,
257
Rasul, Begum Qudsia Aizaz,
116
,
212
regimes: and change in personal law,
57
; coalitions and,
47–57
; conflict containment and,
270–271
; and consolidation of state authority,
271–272
; and minority accommodation,
199–201
; modernity and authenticity and,
67–69
; nation and family formation and,
273–277
; nature of change in personal law following change in,
6
; state-society relations and personal-law reform and,
71–72
religion: as basis of Indian personal law,
8–9
; as basis of personal law and political representation,
273
; colonial state’s interference in,
95–96
; cultural homogeneity and,
59
; Egyptian diversity and,
60
; freedom of,
44
,
102
; Free Officers regime and,
48–49
; Hindu law reform and,
103–104
; and Indonesian and Indian minority law reform,
78–83
; Indonesian diversity and,
61
; Indonesian personal-law reform and,
50–52
; maintenance rights and,
175–176
; in moderate reform cases,
76
; Pakistani personal-law reform and,
56
; in personal-law legislation,
269–270
; and personal-law reform in Malaysia and Sri Lanka,
49–50
; postcolonial policy formation and,
94–95
; and postcolonial social reforms,
27–28
; recognition of,
4–5
,
40–45
,
273
,
286–287
; Special Marriage Act and,
126–127
,
129
; Tunisian personal-law reform and,
53–54
; Turkish and Tunisian personal-law reforms and,
74–76
; Turkish personal-law reform and,
52
; Turkish republican regime and,
275–276
religious groups, population shares of,
213
,
235–236
,
290n11
,
293n64
religious mobilization, colonial personal law and,
9–14
religious norms: social structure and regional custom and,
33–40
; visions of, in India,
84–87
Republican People’s Party,
74–76
Rida, Rashid,
48
rights organizations: Christian law reform and,
226–229
,
255–256
; mobilization of,
221–223
,
279–280
; national inheritance reform and,
190–192
; proliferation and growth of,
140–141
.
See also
women’s organizations
Rita Rani v. Ramesh Kumar
(1996),
165
Rizvi, Syed Ameenul Hasan,
317n65
Rohatgi, Avadh Behari,
168–169
Sachindra Nath Biswas v. Sm. Benamala Biswas
(1960),
305n51
Sadasivan Pillai v. Vijayalakshmi
(1986),
165
Sadhu Singh v. Jagdish Kaur
(1969),
171–172
Sarla Mudgal v. Union of India
(1995),
236
Scott, James,
37
secularism: approaches to family law shaped by,
131
; in India,
42–43
,
44–45
,
76
,
99–100
; in India and Indonesia,
287–288
; in Indonesia,
48
,
50–51
; multiculturalism and recognition of religion and,
40–45
,
286–287
; and state, nation, tradition, and family formation,
269–270
; in Turkey,
74–76
,
272
,
275–276
Sen, Ashoke Kumar,
242
Senghor, Leopold,
76
separation, judicial,
17
,
20
,
87
,
88
,
89
,
101
,
106
,
110–111
,
119–120
,
130
,
135
,
138
,
143–144
,
145
,
148
,
149
,
150–153
,
155
,
157–160
,
168–169
,
174
,
196
,
197
,
218
,
227
,
229
,
233
,
237
,
303n34
,
306n71
,
315n44
,
317n69
,
320n113
Shafi’i law: divorce under,
216
,
251
; in Indonesia and Malaysia,
37
,
51
,
294n72
; unilateral repudiation among adherents of, in India,
251
; view of
mata
in,
239
; women’s rights and,
215
,
216
,
239
Shah Bano
(1985),
1–2
,
3
,
222
,
238–242
,
244
,
245
,
246
,
257
,
303n37
,
317n70
,
318n86
Shamim Ara v. the State of U.P
. (2002),
225
,
249
,
250–251
,
309n97
Shariat Act (1937): agricultural inheritance and,
43
,
210–211
,
293nn59–60
; consolidation of Muslim community through,
86
,
95
; in Pakistan,
43
,
293n60
; passage of,
11
,
43
,
86
,
95
,
210–211
,
293nn59–60
; postcolonial policy formation and,
95
Sharma, Nand Lal,
113
shastras
: and adultery as grounds for divorce,
154–155
; Hindu divorce law and,
113–114
; Hindu personal law based on,
12
,
85–86
,
290n17
; inheritance rights and,
186
,
310n134
; maintenance rights and obligations in,
174
,
175
Shia Personal Law Board,
225
Shivalingiah v. Chowdamma
(1956),
162
