"Non-Germans" Under the Third Reich (310 page)

slander, 875
n

slaughtering of animals, illegal, 442, 443, 508, 510, 515, 516, 843
n
, 892
n
, 925
n

slave class: Eastern Europeans as, 191, 695
n;
“non-Germans” as, 193

Slavic peoples, 62–63, 624–25
n

Slovenians, 671
n

smuggling, 505

soap rationing, 258, 754
n

“social compensation tax,” 151, 152, 168, 679–80
n

social life, restrictions on: for “alien” workers in Altreich, 180–82, 183; for Jews in Altreich, 156–57, 169–74.
See also
cultural policy; public life, restrictions on

social order, planned for world, 193, 698
n

social welfare policy.
See
welfare policy

soldiers: as administrative personnel, 198, 703
n;
marriage laws for, 105

Sonderbriefe
, 832
n

Southern Europeans, 62, 63

Soviet Union, 2; occupied regions of (
see
Occupied Eastern Territories); workers from (
see
“eastern workers”)

SPD (Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands), association with, professional sanctions for, 87–88, 128, 130, 634
n

special authorities (revolutionary forces), 3, 18; as “correctives” to administration, 542–45; in General Government, 276, 279, 280, 281, 770–71
n
, 773
n
, 809
n;
responsibility for extreme measures, 541–42, 544–45.
See also
National Socialist German Workers’ Party; police;
specific police entities

special courts: in Altreich, 29, 430; in Annexed Eastern Territories, 411–12, 429–33, 439–40, 496, 528–29; appointments to, 884
n;
death penalties imposed by, 340, 342; effectiveness of, 429–30, 460–61, 468, 876
n;
establishment of, 822
n;
in General Government, 496, 500–505, 509–10, 528–29; jurisdiction of, 430–31; “lightning,” 904
n;
number of, 883–84
n;
police, 513; political, 337, 368; procedural law, 342; proceedings of, 431–33; sentencing rules, 434, 437–46

special law: acceptance by legal community, 52–53; as central concept of Nazism, 66–73, 76; claims of objectivity of, 53–54; detachment from racism, 66, 72, 533–34; duplicate, 420; extension by police, 174–75, 177–78; impact on legality, 54, 546; political motivations for, 62–64; principle of, xvii–xviii, 36–76; racial justifications for, 49–64; separation from German law, 407–10, 426, 429, 431, 433, 447–49, 455, 470–71, 479–80; and “special treatment,” 67; unlimited interpretation/applicability of, 66–73, 532–37;
völkisch
inequality as basis of, 49–56.
See also specific areas of law, e.g.
citizenship law

special law implementation: in Altreich, 73–74, 79–185, 325–401, 328–42, 536; in Annexed Eastern Territories, 74–75, 206–59, 403–85, 411–69, 536–37; in Eastern Europe, 73, 74–75, 184–85, 192; in General Government, 74–75, 289–321, 497–522, 537–38, 543–44; in Occupied Eastern Territories, 184–85, 538–39, 542, 931
n
, 932
n;
technical efficiency and, 531–32; territorial differences in, 73–75, 536–39

special police court, 513

“special treatment”: of Eastern Europeans in occupied territories, 192; of Poles in Annexed Eastern Territories, 195–96, 458; as rectification of rulings, 365, 458, 840
n
, 842
n
, 851
n;
as term, 67, 626
n;
of “undesirable” persons, 67–73.
See also
discrimination; executions; special law implementation; “unequal treatment”

spouses, of civil servants, 94, 105–6, 639
n

Sprenger, Jacob, 602
n

SS: in Annexed Eastern Territories, 203, 243–44; complaints against judiciary, 340; in General Government, 263, 279, 293, 776
n
, 792
n
, 818
n;
marriage requirements for, 105; and penal law in Altreich, 345–65; sexual liaisons with Poles, 714
n;
special authorities of, 541; unification of police with, 175, 355–56, 685
n

Stadthauptmann
(-
leute
), 277, 278, 768–69
n
, 810
n
. See also
Kreishauptmann
(-
leute
)

ständisches Recht
(corporate state model), 378–79

Star of David, 170, 680–81
n;
failure to wear, 510–11, 923
n

state: Führer principle and, 14; Nazi racial ideology and, 37–38; normative
vs
. prerogative, 628–29
n;
organization of, Führer principle and, 17–18; primacy of Party over, 10, 24–27, 597
n
, 598
n;
and
Volk
, 38, 608
n
, 611
n

state administration, in Nazi system of government, 1–10, 544–47; enhancement of powers, 4–5, 17–18; integration with Nazism/special law system, 3–10, 30, 540–41, 544–47; organization of, Führer principle and, 17–18; tensions with political leadership, 1–2, 17; usurpation of powers by special authorities, 19, 20–21, 542–45.
See also
Reich administration

statelessness: of Annexed Eastern Territories inhabitants, 236–38; of General Government inhabitants, 308; international law and, 737
n;
of Jews leaving Altreich, 118–20, 651–53
n;
of “non-Germans” in/from occupied territories, 121, 122, 124; and totalitarian state, 619
n

state organization, Führer principle and, 17–18.
See also
administrative organization

state subject status, 112; in Annexed Eastern Territories, 236–40; conditional, 117, 122, 123, 124, 126, 127; for foreigners “of German extraction,” 122–23; for Jews in Altreich, 111, 112, 114–21; for “non-Germans” in occupied territories, 235–36; planned regulations for, 116–17; for Poles, 123, 236–39; probationary, 238, 239, 245–46

statutory periods, abolition of, 426

sterility, 479

sterilization: of “inferior persons,” 98–99; of Jewish
Mischlinge
, plan for, 107, 650
n

Stettin, 675
n
, 676
n

Straflager
(detention camps), 877
n

Stuckart, Wilhelm, 97–98, 107, 115, 366, 738
n
, 768
n

substantive law: in Annexed Eastern Territories, 476–80; in General Government, 497–500, 523–24; major elements of, 475–76

Sudetengau Law (April 14, 1939), 201

Sudetengau (Sudetenland), 110, 161, 236, 678
n

summary police court
(Polizeistandgericht)
, 513

summary sentences, police, 463–68

Superior Administrative Court of Saxony, 177

Supreme Court in Warsaw, 491

Supreme Finance Court, 168

survivorship claims, 381–82, 389–90, 397

“system-immanent” point of view, 8

tax consultants, 129, 656
n
, 797
n

tax law: in General Government, 296–97, 796
n;
for Jews in Altreich, 165–68, 173, 619
n
, 678
n
, 679–80
n;
Reich Abandonment Tax, 166, 678
n;
“social compensation tax,” 151, 152, 168, 679–80
n

teachers, in Altreich, 641
n
, 644
n

telecommunications, restrictions on, 256

tenancy laws, 56, 380, 390–93, 400, 864–65
n

terminology, legal: of Nazi era, 9, 16, 70–71, 587
n;
unlimited interpretation of, 356–57, 422, 504

term of limitation, 912
n

territorial justice, creation of, 436

Teutonic era, allusions to, 35, 58, 72, 590
n

theater, 290, 785
n
, 786
n

theft, 334, 510, 831
n
, 922
n;
evacuation, 443; of food, 442; of religious objects, 415; transport, 508, 510

Thierack, Otto (Reich minister of justice): on administration of justice, 16–17; background of, 850–51
n;
on courts in Annexed Eastern Territories, 25; and “judicial crisis” of 1942, 33; on judiciary, 593
n
, 595
n;
and penal law in Altreich, 337, 340–44, 348, 352, 355, 364–66, 373–76, 822
n
, 829–30
n
, 833
n;
and penal law in Annexed Eastern Territories, 459–61, 468, 869
n
, 876
n;
purge of judiciary, 604
n
, 605
n

Third Decree on Residence Restrictions in the General Government (Oct. 15, 1941), 314, 499, 927
n

Thirteenth Decree to the Reich Citizenship Law (July 1, 1943), 82, 344–45, 349, 378, 543, 921
n

“threat to community”: Jews as, 59; Poles as, 424

totalitarian state, 598
n
, 619
n;
individual in, 544; language of, xviii–xxix; use of administration by, 546–47

total state, 47, 614–15
n

trade ban: for Jews in Altreich, 96, 641
n;
for Jews in General Government, 294, 794
n

trade names, 395–96

transport theft, 508, 510

travel restrictions: in Annexed Eastern Territories, 251–53, 466, 746–48
n;
in General Government, 312–17, 816
n
, 818
n
, 819
n;
for Jews in Altreich, 170–72, 682
n

Treachery Law (Dec. 20, 1943), 414, 441, 499, 839
n
, 891
n

treason, 327, 337, 356, 833
n;
types of, 850
n

Troschke, Dr., 772–73
n

trust administration: in Altreich, 159; in Annexed Eastern Territories, 228–29, 731–32
n;
in General Government, 295, 791
n
, 795
n

tuberculosis, among Poles, 250, 300, 736
n
, 745
n
, 799
n

Tübingen, 594
n

tutelage, 387

typhus, as justification for ghettos, 312, 814
n

UFA (motion picture company), lawsuit involving, 155–56

Ukraine: Germanization plans for, 695
n;
Nazi rule in, 694
n
, 696
n
, 697
n
, 698
n
, 766–67
n
, 931–32
n

Ukrainians: in Altreich, educational policy for, 670
n
, 671
n;
in General Government, 272, 310, 787
n
, 800
n

umbrella clause, 437, 449, 462, 469, 471, 473, 482, 485, 498, 525

unappealable decisions, review of, in General Government, 494–95

“undesirable” persons/groups, application of special law to, 66–73, 618
n

unemployed German Jews, 143, 168

unemployment benefits, in General Government, 306, 807–8
n. See also
welfare policy

“unequal treatment”: principle of, 52–53.
See also
discrimination; “special treatment”

Unified/Unity of Administration, in General Government, 276–84, 768–72
n

universities: German, 89, 635
n
, 670–71
n;
Polish, 224, 518, 725–26
n
, 787
n

“unlimited interpretation”: of “alien,” 65, 66; of civil law, 379; of decrees, 20; of German law (
see
“analogous interpretation” of German law); of Jewishness, 60, 329; of law, 55–56; of legal terminology, 356–57, 422; of race principle, 60; of special law, 66–73, 532–37; of
völkisch
inequality, 66–73

Upper Silesia: citizenship policy in, 740–41
n
, 742
n;
crime rate in, 443; food rationing in, 259; Germanization in, 204–5; Hitler-
Gruss
policy in, 208; labor policy in, 233, 234; language policy in, 224–25; police courts-martial in, 458, 461, 468; property seizures in, 226; segregation policy in, 209; travel restrictions in, 251

Upper Silesians, 123