Our Divided Political Heart (48 page)

155
“This economy is stalled”:
Herman Cain, CNN Republican Presidential Debate, St. Anselm’s College, 13 June 2011.

155
“What we need . . . is an economy that’s unshackled”:
Rick Santorum, CNN Republican Presidential Debate, St. Anselm’s College, 13 June 2011.

156
“cuts taxes . . . also dramatically cuts spending”:
Tim Pawlenty, CNN Republican Presidential Debate, St. Anselm’s College, 13 June 2011.

156
“Every time the liberals get into office”:
Michele Bachmann, CNN Republican Presidential Debate, St. Anselm’s College, 13 June 2011.

156
“There shouldn’t be any government assistance”:
Ron Paul, CNN Republican Presidential Debate, St. Anselm’s College, 13 June 2011.

156
“If you explore the mandate”:
Newt Gingrich, CNN Republican Presidential Debate, St. Anselm’s College, 13 June 2011.

157
“There is a perception in this country”:
Mitt Romney, CNN Republican Presidential Debate, St. Anselm’s College, 13 June 2011.

157
“Did you know”:
Mitt Romney, campaign announcement speech, Stratham, New Hampshire, 2 June 2011.

157
“inches away from ceasing to be a free economy”:
Ibid.

158
“I think the appropriate role for the federal government”:
Jon Huntsman, quoted in Daniel Henninger, “A Conservative Problem-Solver,”
Wall Street Journal
, 25 June 2011.

158
“failure” and an “illegal Ponzi scheme”:
Rick Perry,
Fed Up! Our Fight to Save America from Washington
(New York: Little, Brown), 171.

158
“by far the best example”:
Ibid., 48.

158
“federal laws regulating the environment”:
Ibid., 51.

159
“We’ve got a great union”:
“Some Colorful Perry Comments,” ABCNews, 17 August 2011,
http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/wireStory?id=14321355
.

159
“revitalized the federalist strain in the one-party politics”:
Jacob K. Javits,
Order of Battle: A Republican’s Call to Reason
(New York: Atheneum, 1964), 56.

160
“the loose and barren rule under the Articles of Confederation”:
Ibid., 62.

160
“free of the incubus of states’ rights”:
Ibid., 64.

160
“Hamilton’s experience with the semianarchic states’ rights”:
Ibid., 62.

160
“If published today”:
Ibid., 66.

160
“had a coherent public-land policy”:
Ibid., 73.

160
“The legitimate object of government”:
Ibid., 93.

161
“agricultural and mechanical colleges”:
Ibid., 91.

161
“are authorized by the Constitution”:
Ibid., 88.

161
“immediate and efficient aid”:
Ibid.

161
“artificial individuals called corporations”:
Theodore Roosevelt, quoted in Javits,
Order of Battle
, 103.

161
“The citizens of the United States must effectively control”:
Ibid., 116.

162
“tends to disconnect himself from”:
Javits,
Order of Battle
, 302.

162
“It is the rancorous enemy of the politics of civility”:
Ibid., 305.

162
“Anyone who joins us in all sincerity, we welcome”:
Barry Goldwater, speech accepting the Republican presidential nomination, Republican National Convention, San Francisco, California, 16 July 1964.

162
“And let our Republicanism, so focused and so dedicated”:
Ibid.

163
“This reporter went to sleep in the darkness”:
Theodore H. White,
The Making of the President 1964
(New York: Harper Perennial, 1965), 231.

163
“Isn’t it illogical for you to be a Republican?”:
Javits,
Order of Battle
, 3.

165
“So familiar is the historical narrative that pits”:
Brian Balogh,
A Government Out of Sight: The Mystery of National Authority in Nineteenth-Century America
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009), 5.

165
“funded hospitals located throughout the nation”:
Ibid., 145.

166
“a precedent for national intervention”:
Ibid.

166
“who supposedly feared distant government”:
Ibid., 13.

166
“No other branch of the central government”:
Richard R. John,
Spreading the News: The American Postal System from Franklin to Morse
(Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1995), 4.

166
in her 1992 book
Protecting Soldiers and Mothers
:
Theda Skocpol,
Protecting Soldiers and Mothers: The Political Origins of Social Policy in the United States
(Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1992).

166
“were also on the pension rolls at that point”:
Larry DeWitt, “Review:
Protecting Soldiers and Mothers: The Political Origins of Social Policy in the United States
by Theda Skocpol,” December 2003,
http://www.larrydewitt.net/SSin-GAPE/skocpolreview.htm
.

166
“was very little debate about the constitutionality of Jefferson’s actions”:
Balogh,
A Government Out of Sight
, 15.

167
“more amendable to using the latent authority”:
Ibid.

167
“publicly crafted organizations granted special privileges”:
Ibid., 14–15.

167
“Although most historical accounts extrapolate America’s modern history”:
Ibid., 14.

167
“In different ways, both parties shared Jefferson’s conviction”:
Michael Sandel,
Democracy’s Discontent: America In Search of a Public Philosophy
(Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1996), 157.

167
“few assumed, as Jefferson once did, that the agrarian life”:
Ibid.

168
“curing the mischiefs of faction”:
Alexander Hamilton, “Federalist No. 27: Idea of Restraining the Legislative Authority in Regard to the Common Defense Considered (Continued),” 25 December 1787.

168
“the more the operations of the national authority”:
Ibid.

168
“Man is very much a creature of habit”:
Ibid.

169
“an agent for the states”:
Rick Perry, quoted in “Perry Talks Border Security in Edinburgh,” 25 May 2011,
http://www.governorperry.com/media-articles/perry-talks-border-security-edinburg-trip
.

169
“leave us alone”:
Grover Norquist,
Leave Us Alone: Getting the Government’s Hands Off Our Money, Our Guns, Our Lives
(New York: HarperCollins, 2008).

169
“intermingled in the ordinary exercise”:
Alexander Hamilton, “Federalist No. 27.”

169
“bold and novel”:
Gordon Wood,
Empire of Liberty: A History of the Early Republic, 1789–1815
(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009), 98.

169
“pay for up to three fourths of the shares with government securities”:
Ibid.

170
“the principal circulating medium of money”:
Ibid., 99.

170
“a fraction of their worth was available in gold”:
Ibid.

170
“every dollar of a bank bill”:
Ibid.

170
“would make money available only to large merchants”:
Ibid.

170
“launched a passionate attack”:
Ibid., 144.

170
“carefully refuted the arguments of Randolph and Jefferson”:
Ibid.

171
“began urging friends to support”:
Ibid.

171
“but it is nevertheless a maxim”:
Alexander Hamilton,
Report on Manufactures
, communicated to the House of Representatives, 5 December 1791.

171
“When all the different kinds of industry”:
Ibid.

172
“The regulations of several countries”:
Ibid.

172
“Certain nations grant bounties on the exportation”:
Ibid.

172
“calculated to stir the blood”:
John C. Miller,
The Federalist Era: 1789–1801
(New York: Harper and Row, 1963), 65.

173
“protective tariffs; bounties for the establishment”:
Hamilton,
Report on Manufactures
.

173
“In countries where there is great private wealth”:
Ibid.

174
“the Judas of the West”:
Andrew Jackson, quoted in Robert V. Remini,
Henry Clay: Statesman for the Union
(New York: W. W. Norton, 1991), 1.

174
“profligate demagogue”:
Ibid.

174
“essentially a gamester”:
John Quincy Adams, quoted in Remini,
Henry Clay
, 1.

174
“teaches that in this country, one can scarcely be so poor”:
Abraham Lincoln, “Eulogy of Henry Clay,” Springfield, Illinois, 6 July 1852.

174
“The telegraph made the news of Clay’s death instant”:
David S. Heidler and Jeanne T. Heidler,
Henry Clay: The Essential American
(New York: Random House, 2010), xi.

174
“modern, scholarly biography”:
Remini,
Henry Clay
, xiv.

174
in Merrill D. Peterson’s
The Great Triumvirate
:
Merrill D. Peterson,
The Great Triumvirate: Webster, Clay, and Calhoun
(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987).

175
“a vision of progress”:
Remini,
Henry Clay
, 199, 193.

175
“was not so much a philosophy seeking embodiment”:
Peterson,
The Great Triumvirate
, 69.

175
“Yet, the ideas, whatever their sources”:
Ibid.

175
“the commonwealth tradition of using the state actively”:
Michael F. Holt,
The Rise and Fall of the American Whig Party: Jacksonian Politics and the Onset of the Civil War
(New York: Oxford University Press, 2003), xiii.

175
“Of all the major figures in American political history”:
Daniel Walker Howe,
The political Culture of the American Whigs
(Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1979), 137.

176
“much more precedent for government intervention”:
Ibid.

176
“Clay’s economic nationalism from the ‘British system’”:
Ibid.

176
“Mails imply roads; roads imply their preservation”:
Remini,
Henry Clay
, 226.

176
“Before long . . . Clay figured out how to circumvent the scruples”:
Howe,
The Political Culture of the American Whigs
, 137.

177
“not simply the protection of specific items”:
Remini,
Henry Clay
, 228.

177
“a planned national economy responsive”:
Ibid.

177
“The policy of Europe refuses to receive from us”:
Henry Clay, quoted in Remini,
Henry Clay
, 229.

177
“Is there no remedy within the reach of the government?”:
Ibid.

177
“The truth is, and it is vain to disguise it”:
Henry Clay, quoted in Paul Calore,
The Causes of the Civil War
(Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2008), 43.

177
“This Constitution must be a singular instrument!”:
Henry Clay, quoted in Remini,
Henry Clay
, 231.

178
“commercially oriented Republicans”:
Sean Wilentz,
The Rise of American Democracy: Jefferson to Lincoln
(New York: W. W. Norton, 2005), 203.

178
“Should Jackson veto it”:
Henry Clay, quoted in Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.,
The Age of Jackson
(New York: Little, Brown, 1945), 87.

178
“was a blatant act of political self-interest”:
Remini,
Henry Clay
, 379.

178
“The common characterization of this period”:
Daniel Walker Howe,
What Hath God Wrought
(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007), 612.

179
“The responsibility of the historian”:
Gordon S. Wood,
The Idea of America: Reflections on the Birth of the United States
(New York: Penguin Press, 2011), 21.