Our Divided Political Heart (49 page)

179
“popular and democratic rhetoric”:
Ibid., 18.

179
“If the Church of England was the Tory Party at prayer”:
Howe,
The Political Culture of the American Whigs
, 18.

179
“Equality of talents, of education, or of wealth”:
Andrew Jackson, 10 July 1832, quoted in John M. Murrin et al.,
Liberty, Equality, Power: A History of the American People
(Boston: Cengage, 2007), 329.

180
“to enlist the laboring classes against a ‘monster bank’”:
Thurlow Weed, quoted in Wilentz,
The Rise of American Democracy
, 86.

180
“
They
set us the example of organization”:
Lincoln, quoted in David Herbert Donald,
Lincoln
(New York: Simon and Schuster, 1995), 78.

180
“paradoxically . . . the Whigs fought to establish their vision”:
Harry L. Watson,
Liberty and Power: The Politics of Jacksonian America
(New York: Hill and Wang, 2006), 221.

180
“the largest vehicle for expanding democracy”:
Ibid., 791.

180
“created a new kind of political party”:
Ibid.

181
“Throughout the South, the Whigs showed considerably less enthusiasm”:
Howe,
What Hath God Wrought
, 586.

181
“the burgeoning cult of domesticity”:
Watson,
Liberty and Power
, 221.

181
“by the time of the 1844 election”:
Wilentz,
The Rise of American Democracy
, 902.

181
“If the internal improvement of the country should be left to the management”:
Adams, quoted in Howe,
What Hath God Wrought
, 585.

182
“If Congress can make canals”:
Macon, quoted in Howe,
What Hath God Wrought
, 221.

182
“the positive liberal state”:
Lee Benson,
The Concept of Jacksonian Democracy
(Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1961), 102–5.

182
“lent active government support to a wide range”:
Watson,
Liberty and Power
, 245.

182
“too much like twentieth century liberals”:
Howe,
The Political Culture of the American Whigs
, 20.

182
“moral absolutism, their paternalism and their concern”:
Ibid.

183
“Though they championed the opportunities of the marketplace”:
Watson,
Liberty and Power
, 221.

185
“Although Jacksonians and Whigs did invoke arguments about economic growth”:
Sandel,
Democracy’s Discontent
, 157.

185
“The Whig case for promoting economic development”:
Ibid.

185
“the threat to self-government posed by large concentrations”:
Ibid.

185
“republican ideology served perhaps longer”:
Michael H. Frisch and Daniel J. Walkowitz, “Foreword,” in Michael H. Frisch and Daniel J. Walkowitz, eds.,
Working-Class America: Essays on Labor, Community, and American Society
(Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1983), xiv.

185
“a republican vision that stressed the centrality of labor”:
Harry Watson,
Liberty and Power: The Politics of Jacksonian America
(New York: Hill and Wang, 1990), 188.

185
“cleared the path for the triumph of laissez-faire capitalism”:
Marvin Meyers,
The Jacksonian Persuasion
(New York: Vintage, 1960), 12.

186
“laissez-faire was championed in America as it never was before”:
Sidney Fine,
Laissez Faire and the General-Welfare State: A Study of Conflict in American Thought 1865–1901
(Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1956), 29.

186
Brian Balogh is persuasive in seeing the Gilded Age period:
Balogh,
A Government Out of Sight
.

186
“insisted that restraining government action”:
Ibid., 315.

186
“corporations are persons within the meaning of the Fourteenth Amendment”:
Ibid., 331.

187
“a distinctly subordinate position”:
Ibid., 329.

187
“rejected the argument that unequal bargaining strength justified interference”:
Ibid., 328.

187
“a robust new defense “:
George Will, “Why Liberals Fear the
Lochner
Decision,”
Washington Post
, 7 September 2011.

187
“the liberals’ least favorite decision because its premises pose a threat”:
Ibid.

187
“the eventual replacement of ethics by economics in liberalism”:
James T. Kloppenberg,
Uncertain Victory: Social Democracy and Progressivism in European and American Thought 1870–1920
(New York: Oxford University Press, 1988), 173.

187
“Although vestiges of civic humanism continued to surface”:
Ibid.

189
identification with “the people”:
See Richard Hofstadter,
The Progressive Historians: Turner, Beard, Parrington
(New York: Knopf, 1968), 16.

189
“March without the people, and you march into the night”:
Ralph Waldo Emerson, quoted in Michael Kazin,
The Populist Persuasion: An American History
(Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1995), 7.

189
“a profound outrage with elites”:
Kazin,
The Populist Persuasion: An American History
(Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1995), 2.

189
“common welfare . . . talked in populist ways”:
Ibid., 6.

189
“Beneath the sane economic demands of the populists”:
Robert McMath,
American Populism: A Social History, 1877–1898
(New York: Hill and Wang, 1993), 12.

190
“from [William Jennings] Bryan to Stalin”:
Leo Ribuffo,
The Old Christian Right: The Protestant Right from the Great Depression to the Cold War
(Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1983), 242.

190
“Tradition lies in the eye of the beholder”:
Ibid.

191
“public anger over busing, welfare spending, environmental extremism”:
Kevin Phillips, quoted in John Judis,
William F. Buckley, Jr: Patron Saint of the Conservatives
(New York: Simon and Schuster, 1988), 367–83.

191
“that giant sucking sound”:
Ross Perot, second presidential debate, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia, 15 October 1992.

191
“to be upwardly mobile, to send their children”:
Scott Rasmussen and Doug Schoen,
Mad as Hell: How the Tea Party Movement Is Fundamentally Remaking Our Two-Party System
(New York: HarperCollins, 2010), 51.

191
“The right-wing populism we are experiencing today is significant”:
Ibid.

192
“Populist constitutionalism”:
Larrey Anderson, “Populist Constitutionalism and the Tea Parties,”
RealClearPolitics.com
, 7 February 2010,
http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2010/02/07/populist_constitutionalism__the_tea_parties_100208.html
.

192
“I have attended several local Tea Party gatherings”:
Ibid.

192
“Love and respect for the Constitution”:
Ibid.

192
“weather the sorrow of a miscarriage”:
Chris Cillizza, “Analysis: Michele
Bachmann’s Reveal of Miscarriage Puts Unique Appeal on Display,”
Washington Post
, 30 June 2011.

192
“millions of families”:
Ibid.

192
“a native Virginian and scion of a great Tidewater family”:
Sean Wilentz,
The Rise of American Democracy: Jefferson to Lincoln
(New York: W. W. Norton, 2005), 497–98.

192
“methodological imprecision”:
Ribuffo,
The Old Christian Right
, 242.

193
“We meet in the midst of a nation”:
Populist Party platform, 1892.

193
“The people are demoralized”:
Ibid.

194
“We seek to restore the government”:
Ibid.

194
“The Preamble, as the historian Robert McMath observed”:
McMath,
American Populism
, 161.

194
“One by one . . . the reforms advocated by the Populists”:
Harold U. Faulkner,
Politics, Reform, and Expansion, 1890–1900
(New York: Harper and Row, 1963), 276.

194
“free and unlimited coinage of silver”:
Populist Party platform, 1892.

194
“undesirable immigration”:
Ibid.

194
“present system . . . opens our ports”:
Ibid.

195
“the last phase of a long and perhaps a losing struggle”:
John D. Hicks,
Populist Revolt: A History of the Farmers’ Alliance and the People’s Party
(Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1931), 237.

195
“falling commodity prices, high freight rates”:
McMath,
American Populism
, 10.

195
“extremism” . . . “pseudo-conservatism”:
See, for example, Richard Hofstadter, “The Pseudo-Conservative Revolt,” in Daniel Bell, ed.,
The Radical Right
(New York: Doubleday, 1963).

195
“who, in the name of upholding traditional American values”:
Theodor Adorno, Else Frankel-Brunswick, Daniel Levinson, et al.,
The Authoritarian Personality
(New York: Harper and Row, 1950), 676.

195
“has been drawn to that side of Populism and Progressivism”:
Richard Hofstadter,
The Age of Reform
(New York: Vintage Books, 1955), 20.

196
“suffer from a sense of isolation”:
Ibid., 19.

196
“they periodically exaggerate the measure of agreement”:
Ibid.

196
“were foolish and destructive but only that they had, like so many things in life”:
Ibid., 18.

196
“There was something about the Populist imagination”:
Ibid., 70.

196
“sadistic and nihilistic spirit”:
Ibid.

196
“activated most of what we have of popular anti-Semitism”:
Ibid., 80.

196
“entirely verbal . . . a mode of expression”:
Ibid.

197
“an organic part of the whole order of business enterprise that flourished in the city”:
Ibid., 35.

197
“was beginning to realize acutely not merely that the best”:
Ibid.

197
“bewildering, and irritating too”:
Ibid.

197
“free silver . . . was not distinctly a People’s Party idea”:
Ibid., 104.

197
“The Senate represents this inequity in its most extreme form”:
Ibid., 116.

197
“was from the beginning the target of strenuous”:
Alan Brinkley,
Liberalism and Its Discontents
(Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1998), 137.

198
“The problem with trying to redeem populism”:
Molly Ivins, “‘Populist’ a Label Easily Thrown,”
Fort Worth Star-Telegram
, 6 February 1996.

198
“a delightfully refreshing book”:
David Brown,
Richard Hofstadter: An Intellectual Biography
(Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2006), 111.

198
“One has the feeling”:
Ibid.

198
“The Populist Heritage and the Intellectual”:
C. Vann Woodward, “The Populist Heritage and the Intellectual,”
American Scholar
29 (Winter 1959–60), 55–72.

199
“The danger . . . is that under the concentrated impact”:
Brown,
Richard Hofstadter
, 114.

199
“Populism was hardly ‘status politics’”:
C. Vann Woodward,
The Burden of Southern History
, 3rd ed. (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1960),153.

199
“[William Jennings] Bryan’s authentic heir wasn’t Roosevelt”:
Sam Tenenhaus, “The Education of Richard Hofstadter,”
New York Times
, 6 August 2006.

199
“In the McCarthy movement”:
Woodward, quoted in Brown,
Richard Hofstadter
, 115.

200
“The difference I hope to establish”:
Hofstadter,
The Age of Reform
, 323.