Purgatorio (30 page)

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Authors: Dante

BOOK: Purgatorio
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And then it said: ‘Mary gave more thought   

   

               
that the marriage-feast be decorous and complete

144
         
than for the mouth with which she pleads for you.

               
‘The Roman matrons of antiquity   

               
were glad to have but water as their drink,

147
         
and Daniel scorned banquets and acquired wisdom.

               
‘The first age was as beautiful as gold.   

               
Its acorns were made savory by hunger

150
         
and thirst made nectar flow in every brook.

               
‘Honey and locusts were the food

               
that nourished John the Baptist in the desert,

               
for which he is glorious and as great

154
         
as in the Gospel is revealed to you.’

OUTLINE: PURGATORIO XXIII
1–6
   
Virgil gently chastises Dante for seeking the source of the words he has heard in the foliage of the tree
7–9
   
Dante follows, listening with pleasure to the two poets

III. The penitent gluttons

10–15
   
hearing their plangent song, Dante wants to know what he is hearing; Virgil says that those singing are penitents
16–21
   
simile: pilgrims overtaking strangers and only observing them when they turn to look as they pass by
22–36
   
description of gluttons is interrupted by Dante’s own exemplars of starvation (
Erysichthon
and
the fellow citizens of Mary
[of Jerusalem]); the “m” in their faces

IV. The speakers

37–42
   
as Dante wonders what so emaciates them, one of them cries out with the pleasure of seeing him
43–48
   
his voice, unlike his face, reveals him:
Forese Donati
49–54
   
Forese wants to know about
him
and his two companions
55–60
   
Dante, too moved to speak, wants to know about Forese
61–75
   
Forese explains the supernatural power of the tree and water to make them experience hunger and thirst as a form of joyous abnegation
76–84
   
Dante cannot understand how Forese has moved so quickly upward, since he has been dead only four years
85–93
   
Forese: it was his wife’s prayers that freed him from ante-purgatory and then all the other circles
94–111
   
Forese’s prophecy of new sumptuary laws in Florence
112–114
   
Forese now wants to know of Dante’s condition, not only for himself, but for his companions as well
115–117
   
Dante reminds his friend of their shared boisterous life
118–130
   
Dante gives a brief history of Virgil’s role as his guide
131–133
   
Dante identifies Statius as the shade who caused the recent earthquake when he regained his freedom
PURGATORIO XXIII

               
While I was peering through green boughs,

               
even as do men who waste their lives

3
             
in hunting after birds,   

               
my more than father said to me: ‘My son,   

               
come along, for the time we are allowed   

6
             
should be apportioned to a better use.’

               
I turned my face, and my steps as quickly,

               
to follow the two sages, whose discourse   

9
             
made my going on seem easy,

               
when with weeping we heard voices sing   

               

Labïa mëa, Domine
’ in tones

12
           
that brought at once delight and grief.

               
‘O sweet father, what is that I hear?’ I asked,   

               
and he: ‘Shades, perhaps, who go their way

15
           
loosening the knot of what they owe.’

               
Just as pilgrims, absorbed in thought,

               
overtaking strangers on the road,

18
           
turn toward them without coming to a halt,

               
so, coming up behind us at a quicker pace than ours

               
and passing on, a group of souls,

21
           
silent and devout, gazed at us with wonder.

               
Their eyes were dark and sunken,   

               
their faces pale, their flesh so wasted

24
           
that the skin took all its shape from bones.

               
I do not believe that Erysichthon had become   

               
so consumed, to the very skin, by hunger

27
           
when he was most in terror of it.

               
I said to myself in thought:

               
‘Behold the people who lost Jerusalem

30
           
when Mary set her beak into her son!’

               
The sockets of their eyes resembled rings

               
without their gems. He who reads ‘omo’   

33
           
in men’s faces would easily make out the ‘m.’

               
Who, if he did not know the reason, would believe   

               
the scent of fruit and smell of water

36
           
could cause such craving, reducing shades to this?

               
I was wondering what makes them so famished,

               
since what had made them gaunt, with wretched,

39
           
scaling skin, was still unknown to me,   

               
when out of the deep-set sockets in his head

               
a shade fixed me with his eyes and cried aloud:

42
           
‘What grace is granted to me now!’   

               
I never would have known him by his features,

               
but the sound of his voice made plain to me

45
           
what from his looks had been erased.

               
That spark relit the memory

               
of his changed features

48
           
and I knew Forese’s face.

               
‘Ah,’ he begged, ‘pay no attention

               
to the withered scab discoloring my skin

51
           
nor to this lack of flesh on me,

               
‘but give me news about yourself

               
and tell me of those two souls over there,

54
           
escorting you. Do not hold back your answer.’

               
‘Your face, over which I wept when you were dead,

               
now gives me no less cause for tears,

57
           
seeing it so disfigured,’ I responded.

               
‘In God’s name, tell me what so withers you away.

               
Don’t make me speak while I am so astounded,

60
           
for a man intent on other things speaks ill.’

               
And he to me: ‘From the eternal counsel   

               
a power falls onto the tree and on the water

63
           
there behind us. By it am I made so thin.

               
‘All these people who weep while they are singing

               
followed their appetites beyond all measure,

66
           
and here regain, in thirst and hunger, holiness.

               
‘The fragrance coming from the fruit

               
and from the water sprinkled on green boughs

69
           
kindles our craving to eat and drink,

               
‘and not once only, circling in this space,

               
is our pain renewed.

72
           
I speak of pain but should say solace,   

               
‘for the same desire leads us to the trees

               
that led Christ to utter
Elì
with such bliss

75
           
when with the blood from His own veins He made us free.’

               
And I to him: ‘Forese, from that day   

               
when you exchanged the world for better life,

78
           
five years have not wheeled by until this moment.

               
‘If your power to keep on sinning ended

               
just before the hour of blessèd sorrow

81
           
that marries us once more to God,

               
‘how did you come so far so fast?

               
I thought that I might find you down below,

84
           
where time must be repaid with equal time.’

               
And he answered me: ‘It is my Nella   

               
whose flooding tears so quickly brought me

87
           
to drink sweet wormwood in the torments.

               
‘With her devoted prayers and with her sighs,

               
she plucked me from the slope where one must wait

90
           
and freed me from the other circles.

               
‘So much more precious and beloved of God

               
is my dear widow, whom I greatly loved,

93
           
the more she is alone in her good works.

               
‘For the Barbagia of Sardegna   

               
shelters many more modest women

96
           
than does that Barbagia where I left her.

               
‘O sweet brother, what would you have me say?

               
In my vision even now I see a time,   

99
           
before this hour shall be very old,

               
‘when from the pulpit it shall be forbidden

               
for the brazen ladies of Florence

102
         
to flaunt their nipples with their breasts.

               
‘What barbarous women, what Saracens,

               
have ever needed spiritual instruction

105
         
or other rules, to walk about in proper dress?

               
‘But if these shameless creatures knew

               
what the swift heavens are preparing, even now

108
         
their mouths would be spread open in a howl.

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