Richard & John: Kings at War (105 page)

54
Roger of Wendover, iii. pp.359-60.

55
Michel,
Histoire des ducs
, p.162.

56
Coggleshall, p.178.

57
Letters of Innocent III
, p.172 (Nos.1026-27, 1029)

58
Roger of Wendover, iii. pp.354-57; Coggleshall, p.179.

59
Coggleshall, p.180; Michel,
Histoire des ducs
, p.165.

60
Coggleshall, pp.180-81;
Rotuli Litterarum Patentium
, 170, 170b, 171, 172b, 175b, 176, 179.

61
N. Vincent, ed.,
The Acta of the Legate Guala
(Woodbridge, 1996), pp.xxxix-xxxx.

62
Roger of Wendover, iii. pp.364-67; W.H. Hudson,
Philip Augustus
(1896), p.200.

63
Lavisse, op. cit. iii. Pt 1 pp.255-57.

64
Warren,
King John
, p.251.

65
Vincent,
Acta
, pp.xl-xli.

66
Matthew Paris,
Historia Anglorum
, ii. pp.176-77.

67
Bradbury,
Philip Augustus
, p.319.

68
Rigord,
Oeuvres
, i. p.359; Hallam,
Capetian France
, op. cit. p.133.

69
Bradbury,
Philip Augustus
, p.320.

70
Rotuli Litterarum Clausarum
, i. 270, 270b.

71
Rotuli Litterarum Patentium
, 178b; Coggleshall, p.181; Matthew Paris,
Chronica Majora
, iii. p.29.

72
Michel,
Histoire des ducs
, pp.167-69.

73
Roger of Wendover, iii. p.368; Walter of Coventry, ii. pp.229-30.

74
Rotuli Litterarum Patentium
, 184; Michel,
Histoire des ducs
, p.170.

75
Vincent,
Acta
, p.lxvi.

76
Ibid. (No.56).

77
Coggleshall, p.182; Walter of Coventry, ii. p.232;
Rotuli Litterarum Patentium
, 190; Michel,
Histoire des ducs
, pp.174-77.

78
Coggleshall, p.181; Michel,
Histoire des ducs
, pp.170-71.

79
Walter of Coventry, ii. p.230; Roger of Wendover, iii. pp.368-69; Michel,
Histoire des ducs
, p.171.

80
Coggleshall, p.182;
Rotuli Litterarum Patentium
, 188b; Michel,
Histoire des ducs
, pp.173-74.

81
Roger of Wendover, iii. p.371; Michel,
Histoire des ducs
, p.174.

82
Michel,
Histoire des ducs
, pp.175-77.

83
Matthew Paris,
Historia Anglorum
, ii. p.182.

84
Roger of Wendover, iii. pp.378-81.

85
Chronicle of Melrose
, pp.62-64.

86
Roger of Wendover, iii. p.379.

87
Rymer,
Foedera
, i. p.142;
Rotuli Litterarum Patentium
, i. 196; G.R. Stephens, ‘A Note on William of Cassingham’,
Speculum
16 (1941), pp.216-33.

88
Rotuli Litterarum Patentium
, 184, 184b, 185, 185b, 186, 186b, 187, 187b, 188, 189b, 192, 193-95.

89
Ibid., 191b, 194.

90
Matthew Paris,
Chronica Majora
, ii. p.664.

91
Michel,
Histoire des ducs
, pp.177-79.

92
Annales monastici
, iii. p.49.

93
Coggleshall, pp.179, 182; Roger of Wendover, iii. pp.380-83; Walter of Coventry, ii. p.230.

94
Roger of Wendover, iii. pp.380-81; Coggleshall, p.179.

95
Roger of Wendover, iii. pp.381-82; Coggleshall, p.182.

96
Matthew Paris,
Historia Anglorum
, ii. p.185.

97
Coggleshall, p.183; Walter of Coventry, ii. p.231;
Rotuli Litterarum Patentium
, 197b.

98
Michel,
Histoire des ducs
, p.179.

99
Matthew Paris,
Chronica Majora
, ii. p.667; Paris,
Historia Anglorum
, ii. pp.189-90.

100
Roger of Wendover, iii. pp.381-82; Walter of Coventry, ii. p.231;
Rotuli Litterarum Clausarum
, i. 289.

101
Coggleshall, p.183; Roger of Wendover, iii. p.384; Walter of Coventry, ii. p.232;
Rotuli Litterarum Patentium
, 199;
Rotuli Litterarum Clausarum
, i. 291.

102
Roger of Wendover, iii. p.380; Michel,
Histoire des ducs
, pp.179-81; Matthew Paris,
Chronica Majora
, ii. p.655;
Rotuli Litterarum Patentium
, 185, 186, 196.

103
Coggleshall, p.182; Walter of Coventry, ii. p.232; Michel,
Histoire des ducs
, p.180.

104
Coggleshall, p.183; Walter of Coventry, ii. p.231.

105
Coggleshall, pp.183-84.

106
Roger of Wendover, iii. p.384.

107
G. Fowler, ‘King John’s Treasure’,
Proceedings of the Cambridge Antiquarian Society
46 (1953), pp.4-20.

108
Roger of Wendover, iii. p.384; Matthew Paris,
Historia Anglorum
, ii. p.190.

109
Fowler, ‘King John’s Treasure’, loc. cit.; W. St John Hope, ‘The Loss of King John’s Treasure in the Wellstream in October 1216’,
Archaeologia
60 (1906), pp.93-110; J.C. Holt, ‘King John’s Disaster in the Wash’,
Nottingham Medieval Studies
5 (1961), pp.75-86.

110
Warren,
King John
, pp.280-84.

111
A.V. Jenkinson, ‘The Jewels Lost in the Wash’,
History
8 (1924), pp.163-66.

112
Coggleshall, p.184.

113
Roger of Wendover, iii. p.385; Coggleshall, p.183.

114
Norgate,
John Lackland
, pp.282-83.

115
Matthew Paris,
Historia Anglorum
, ii. pp.191-92.

116
Annales monastici
, iii. p.48; Roger of Wendover, iii, p.385; Coggleshall, p.184; Walter of Coventry, ii. p.231.

117
Rymer,
Foedera
, i. p.144.

118
Chronicle of Melrose
, p.124; Bartlett,
England under the Angevin Kings
, pp.595-97.

119
Roger of Wendover, iii. pp.385-86; Walter of Coventry, ii. p.232.

120
Roger of Wendover, iii. p.386.

121
D. A. Carpenter,
The Minority of Henry III
(1990), pp.51, 109, 154.

122
Holt,
Magna Carta
, pp.378-84.

123
Rigord,
Oeuvres
, i. p. 314; Roger of Wendover, iv. p.22.

124
Rigord,
Oeuvres
, i. p.314.

125
Ibid., i. p.319.

CHAPTER 20

1
Jim Bradbury,
Philip Augustus
, p.333.

2
Poole,
Domesday Book
, p.350.

3
David Hume,
History of England
(1871), i. p.162.

4
Ralph V. Turner & Richard R. Keiser,
The Reign of Richard Lionheart, Ruler of the Angevin Empire, 1189-1199
(2000), p.4.

5
William of Newburgh, ii. p.31; J.A. Brundage,
Richard Lionheart
(N.Y., 1974), p.116.

6
Ibn al-Athir,
el-Kamal
, op. cit. p.43.

7
Baha al-Din,
Rare and Excellent History
, op. cit.

8
P.W. Edbury,
The Conquest of Jerusalem and the Third Crusade
, pp.97-113, 115-24.

9
William of Newburgh, i. p.281; Gerald of Wales, v. pp.130-33; viii. pp.172-73.

10
Gerald of Wales, iv. p.369; viii. p.232.

11
Geoffrey Hindley,
Saladin
(N.Y., 1976), pp.168-69.

12
Gillingham,
Richard I
, pp.167-71.

13
Ambroise, p.108.

14
Jacques de Vitry,
History of Jerusalem
(1896), pp.112-13.

15
Coggleshall, pp.33-34.

16
Gabrieli,
Arab Historians of the Crusade
, op. cit. pp.138-39, 223-24, 349.

17
Turner & Heiser,
The Reign of Richard Lionheart
, op. cit. p.86.

18
William of Newburgh, ii. p.31.

19
Ambroise, pp.159-63.

20
Gerald of Wales, v. pp.106-07; J. Gillingham, ‘Richard I and the Science of War in the Middle Ages’, in J. Gillingham & J.C. Holt, eds.,
War and Government in the Middle Ages: Essays in Honour of J.O. Prestwich
(1984), p.87.

21
Turner & Heiser,
The Reign of Richard Lionheart
, passim.

22
H. G. Richardson & G.O. Sayles,
The Governance of Medieval England
(Edinburgh, 1963), p.366; Christopher Tyerman,
The Invention of the Crusades
(1988).

23
M. Markowski, ‘Richard Lionheart: Bad King, Poor Crusader’,
Journal of Medieval History
23 (1997), pp.351-65.

24
Ambroise, p.191; Howden,
Chronica
, iv. pp.59-60.

25
Gillingham,
Richard I
, p.17.

26
Nicholson,
Chronicle
, op. cit. pp.144-48.

27
Markowski, loc. cit. p.353.

28
Edbury,
Conquest
, p.93.

29
Markowksi, loc. cit. pp.358, 361.

30
S. Runciman,
A History of the Crusades
, op. cit. iii. pp.43-45; Hinley,
Saladin
, op. cit. pp.168-69.

31
Markowksi, loc. cit. p.361.

32
Adam of Eynsham,
Magna Vita
, ii. pp.98-100.

33
Ibid., p.101.

34
Ibid., pp.103-05.

35
Ibid., p.105; xli.

36
Ibid., p.114.

37
Ibid., p.xlvii.

38
Ralph V. Turner,
King John
, op. cit. p.15.

39
Sean Duffy, ‘John and Ireland’, in Church,
King John
, pp.221-45.

40
Howden,
Chronica
, iii. pp.198, 253; Gervase of Canterbury, ii. pp.92-93.

41
Annales monastici
, i. p.27; Walter of Coventry, ii. p.197.

42
J. Bradbury, ‘Philip Augustus and King John’, in Church,
King John
, p.349.

43
Turner,
King John
, pp.14-15.

44
Gillingham,
Angevin Empire
, p.80.

45
J. T. Appleby,
John King of England
(1958), p.85.

46
Maurice Ashley,
King John
(1972), p.143.

47
Ibid., p.145.

48
King John
, Act Five, Scene Seven.

49
Turner,
King John
, p.262.

50
Pollock and Maitland,
The History of English Law
, op. cit. ii. p.506; Bartlett,
England under the Angevin Kings
, pp.58-62.

51
Turner,
King John
, pp.13-19.

52
Annales monastici
, ii. p.282.

53
Coggleshall, p.170.

54
Warren,
King John
, p.99.

55
Hallam,
Capetian France
, op. cit. p.182.

56
Robert Henri Bautier,
Etudes sur la France capétienne
(Paris, 1992), p.33.

57
Gillingham,
Angevin Empire
, op. cit.; John le Patourel,
The Norman Empire
(Oxford, 1976); C. Warren Hollister,
Monarchy, Magnates and Institutions in the Anglo-Norman World
(1986), pp.17-58.

58
Charles Coulson, ‘Fortress Policy in the Capetian tradition and Angevin practice: Aspects of the conquest of Normandy by Philip II’, ANS 6 (1984), pp.12-38.

59
Warren,
Henry II
, pp.561-62.

60
Ralph V. Turner, ‘The Problem of Survival for the Angevin Empire’, AHR 100 (1995), pp.78-96 (at pp.93, 96).

61
Hallam,
Capetian France
, pp.168-73.

62
Turner, ‘The Problem’, loc. cit. p.95.

63
J. Gillingham,
Richard Coeur de Lion
(1994), p.199.

64
Painter,
King John
, p.229.

65
Rotuli Litterarum Clausarum
, i. 162.

66
Painter,
King John
, p.104.

67
Ibid., p.226.

68
Michel,
Histoire des ducs
, p.105.

69
William of Newburgh, i. p.521.

70
Carpenter,
The Minority of Henry III
, op. cit.

71
Bradbury, ‘Philip Augustus and King John’, loc. cit. p.350.

72
N. Barbour, ‘The Embassy sent by John of England to Miramolin, King of Morocco’,
Al-Andalus
25 (1960), pp.373-81; N. Vincent, ‘Simon of Atherfield: A Martyr to his Wife’,
Analecta Bollandiana
113 (1995), pp.349-61 (at pp.355-56).

73
Painter,
King John
, p.228.

74
Annales monastici
, iii. pp.31, 33-34, 62-63; Coggleshall, p.165.

75
Roger of Wendover, ii. pp.42-43, 48-49, 62-63, 76-77, 94; Warren,
King John
, pp.12-13.

76
Painter,
King John
, p.230.