Rise of the Robots: Technology and the Threat of a Jobless Future (52 page)
Read Rise of the Robots: Technology and the Threat of a Jobless Future Online
Authors: Martin Ford
increase in memory capacity,
63–64
innovation and improvements in,
69–73
predictions of impact of,
31–32
,
33–34
S-curve of,
69
,
70–71
construction industry, 3D printing and,
180–181
Consumer Price Index (CPI),
38n
consumer robots,
197n
consumers
Chinese,
223–227
demand and,
196–197
permanent income hypothesis,
210–211
workers as,
193–194
,
196–198
,
221–222
consumer spending,
54
consumer spending/consumption,
200
,
202n
demand and,
196
guaranteed income and,
269–270
income inequality and,
xvi–xvii
,
198–202
Cornell University, Creative Machines Lab,
108
corporate profits
financial sector,
55
recovery from Great Recession and,
39–40
,
202
,
203
as share of GDP,
40
,
202
,
203
correlation
vs.
cause, big data and,
88–89
,
102
costs
health care,
160–174
higher education,
140
CPI.
See
Consumer Price Index (CPI)
Craigslist,
95
Creative Machines Lab (Cornell University),
108
creativity, machines demonstrating,
108–113
credential inflation,
252
credentials, higher education,
142
Crichton, Michael,
244
crowd sourcing,
95
“The Cult of Kurzweil” (Geraci),
235
curiosity, machines demonstrating,
108–113
cyber attack, cloud robotics and,
22–23
Cyberdyne,
157
cybernation,
30
“cyborg,”
106
Cycle Computing,
104–105
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,
149
“Darci” software,
112–113
DARPA.
See
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)
debt
deflation and,
217
financial crisis and,
218–219
income inequality and consumer spending,
214
ratio to income,
199–200
Deep Blue computer,
xiv
,
97–98
,
122
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA),
80
,
181–183
deflation,
216–217
Delta Electronics, Inc.,
10
Delta Cost Project,
140
demand,
196–197
in China,
223–227
productivity and,
207–208
Democrats, income distribution preferred by,
47n
design philosophy,
254–255
developing countries,
10–12
,
25
,
78–79
diagnostic tool, repurposing Watson as,
102–103
digital computer, effect of,
33–34
digital divide,
78
digital economy, long-tail opportunities in,
76–78
DiNardo, Courtney,
148
disruptive technology,
xviii
,
66
division of labour,
73
Dow News Service,
113–114
Drexler, K. Eric,
241–242
,
243
,
244–245
,
246
,
247
driverless cars,
See
autonomous cars
drone-based delivery,
190n
drug prices,
170–171
Drum, Kevin,
188
Dunning, David,
18–19
dystopian future, automation and predictions of,
31–32
,
219–220
Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC),
271
,
277
economic argument for guaranteed income,
264–267
economic mobility, decrease in,
46–47
Economic Policy Institute,
127
,
158
economic recoveries, jobs created during,
49–50
economics, mathematical models and,
x
,
205–206
economic trends
bear market for labor/bull market for corporations,
38–41
declining incomes and underemployment for college graduates,
48–49
effect of information technology on,
58–61
income inequality,
46–48
job creation, jobless recoveries, and long-term unemployment,
43–46
labor force participation,
41–43
polarization and part-time jobs,
49–51
stagnant wages,
34–38
economists
on impact of automation,
60
on income inequality,
202–206
economy
complexity of,
211–212
defined,
266n
effect of climate change on,
282–283
post-scarcity,
247
e-Discovery software,
124
Edison, Thomas,
234
education
basic income guarantee and,
263
collaboration with machines and,
121–128
diminishing returns to,
250–253
effect on income,
48–49
nature of unemployment problem and,
249–250
See also
higher education
educational robots,
7
Egypt,
46
EITC.
See
Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC)
Elance,
95
El Camino Hospital (Mountain View, CA),
154
elder-care robots,
155–158
electricity, information technology compared to,
72–73
email response program,
93–94
Emanuel, Ezekiel,
164
emerging economies, consumer demand in,
223–227
employment
autonomous cars and,
176
,
181–191
nanotechnology and,
246
offshoring and,
119–121
relationship between technology and,
175–176
3D printing and,
176
,
177–181
See also
unemployment
Employment Policies Institute,
14
Engines of Creation
(Drexler),
242
,
244
ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer),
32n
environmental degradation, economic insecurity and,
283–284
equity endowments,
273–275
ESPN,
201
essays, machine grading of,
129–131
eugenics,
236n
“Eureqa,”
108–109
Europe, college graduates overqualified for occupations in,
251
European Union, job polarization and,
50
Fabricated: The New World of 3D Printing
(Lipson),
180
Facebook,
xvi
,
89
,
92
,
106
,
114
,
137
,
152
,
175
,
231
,
236
factory reshoring,
8–12
Fallows, James,
71
Fantastic Voyage
(Kurzweil & Grossman),
235
