Tears in the Darkness (79 page)

Overton, Cletis,
223

oxygen,
309–10

 

Pabustan, Armando,
195–96

Pabustan, Damian,
196

Pacific Fleet, U.S.,
3
,
42
,
280
,
331
; crippling of,
20
,
25
,
115
,
122
; submarines in,
291

pakikisama
(just go along with it),
40

Palawan Island,
285–87

Pampanga Province,
71
,
74
,
76
,
195
,
197
,
313
,
411n

Panaca, Nev.,
276

Panay,
365

Pantingan River,
139
,
145
; massacre at,
202–14
,
364–65
,
413n

Pantingan Valley,
143

parachute troops, Japanese,
50

Parks, Elmer,
166

Pasig River,
266
,
275

patriotism,
82–83
,
123

Pavia, Fred,
232–33

Pearl Harbor,
3
,
19–21
,
25
,
26
,
115
,
122
,
400n
,
401n

pellagra,
230
,
265

Pellegrino, Dominick,
117

Pelz, Robert L.,
355–59
,
361
,
362
,
365
,
366
,
367
,
372–73
,
376–80

Perry, Matthew C.,
23

personal property,
165

Philippine Commonwealth Army,
17
,
38
,
43–44
,
58–61
,
403n
; in Bataan Death March,
171–72
,
362
; in Bataan defense,
85
,
140
,
143
,
144
; development of,
39–40
; inadequacies of,
40
,
41
,
46
,
60–61
; Japanese invasion and,
45–46
,
48
,
49
; kith and kin of,
195–97
; morale of,
41
,
46
; as POWs,
163
,
188
,
195–97
,
411n
; in retreat to Bataan,
58–61
; U.S. advisers to,
403n

Philippine Constabulary,
60
,
95

Philippines, Filipinos,
3–6
,
14–32
,
36–51
,
55–67
,
266
; “active defense” vs. “defense in depth” in,
42
; as backwater,
3
,
14
; in Camp O'Donnell,
224–25
,
229
,
240–41
; defense problem of,
41–42
; guerrilla force in,
40–41
,
162
,
255
,
415n
; independence of,
39
; Japan's bombing of,
3
,
25–32
,
44
,
45
; Japan's invasion of,
3
,
32
,
34–39
,
44–51
,
348
,
402n
; liberation of,
418n
; MacArthur's views on likelihood of Japanese attack on,
17
,
18
,
400n
; as potential target,
12
,
44
; as refugees,
193–95
,
205
,
412n
; strategic value of,
3
; surrender of,
233
,
244
; U.S. feeling of assurance in,
17–18
; U.S. invasion of,
293
,
305–306
,
327
; War Plan Orange for,
42
,
49
; Yamashita's failure in,
350

Philippine Scouts,
17
,
41
,
43
,
60
,
104
,
179
,
199
,
403n
; in Bataan Death March,
185
; in Bataan defense,
85
,
98
; 57th Infantry of,
61–62
; 12th Medical Regiment of,
258–59
; in 26th Cavalry,
47

photographs,
169–70
,
173
,
192
,
290–91
,
295

Pierce, Henry,
260

Pilar,
205

Pinkston, Dan,
320
,
330

“Plains, The,”
83

pneumonia,
229
,
260
,
271
,
335

Port Arthur,
24
,
25
,
82

Port Darwin,
125

Potsdam conference (1945),
328
,
334

Poweleit, Alvin C.,
44–45
,
190
,
202
; at Camp O'Donnell,
225
,
228
,
230–31
,
233

prison camps,
200
,
268
,
331
,
332
;
see also
Camp Cabanatuan
;
Camp O'Donnell
;
Omine-machi

prisoner exchange,
293

Prisoner of War Information Bureau, Japanese,
293

prisoners of war,
6
,
129
,
154–58
,
161–214
,
219–42
,
244
,
246–331
,
389
,
393
; beating of,
158
,
164
,
166–67
,
170–71
,
175
,
177
,
182
,
185
,
193
,
197
,
376
; in Bilibid Prison,
see
Bilibid Prison
; British,
163
,
293
,
320–21
,
322
,
325
; camps for,
see
Camp Cabanatuan
;
Camp O'Donnell
;
Omine-machi
; in death march,
see
Bataan Death March
; evacuation plan for,
162–63
; Imperial Army plan for,
411n–12n
; international law and,
161
,
207
,
244
,
293
,
352
,
377
; Japanese headquarters' call for,
92
; Kinoshita as,
105–106
,
107
; Morin as,
48
,
403n
; number of,
162
,
325
,
411n
,
412n
; pack carrying of,
156
,
158
,
164
,
169
; Pantingan River massacre and,
202–14
,
364–65
,
413n
; searching and looting of,
155
,
156
,
164–66
,
169–70
; in transport ships,
297–99
,
301–305
,
305–17
; in work details,
241–42
,
246–65
,
262–63
,
274
,
293–94
;
see also
Tayabas Road

Prohibition,
131

Provisional Air Corps Infantry (Flying Infantry),
66–67
,
104
,
127–29
; in Bataan Death March,
171
,
172–73
,
177
,
182
; in second battle for Bataan,
139–40
,
145
,
147–49

Prussians,
23
,
64

Pryor Mountains,
217

psychiatrists,
332
,
335

Puerto Princesa,
287

 

Quezon, Manuel,
39

Quinauan Point,
93
,
95
; battle for,
98–105
,
113

quinine,
205
,
228
,
232
,
235
,
257
,
271
,
273
,
278–79

Quinn, Michael,
222

 

racism, race,
18
,
292
,
372

radios,
19
,
57
,
116
,
394–96
,
418n
; rumors and,
279
; shortwave,
13
,
123

Radio Tokyo,
124

railroads,
see
trains

“Read This Alone and the War Can Be Won” (handbook),
299

Red Cross,
see
International Red Cross

Red Star, Kevin,
395

Reel, A. Frank,
359

refugees,
163
,
193–95
,
205
,
412n

Reineking, Jim,
395

Remarque, Erich Maria,
vii

Reminiscences
(MacArthur),
408n

respiratory problems,
260
,
332

Reuter, Paul,
257
,
274

Rexroad, Charles R.,
385

Rhodes, Thomas,
260

rice,
117
,
121
,
126
,
155
,
194
,
228
,
241
,
296
,
367
; in Bataan Death March,
187
,
188
,
412n
; in Bicol peninsula,
253
,
254
,
256
,
257
; at Bilibid Prison,
271
,
274
,
275
,
277
,
284
,
290
; on black market,
320
; lugao,
271
,
274
,
275
; at Ominemachi,
319
; in transport ships,
306
,
316

rifles,
66–67
,
68
,
73
,
82
,
156
,
179
,
181
,
187
,
259
; bayonets on,
175
,
176
; beatings with,
167
; in Montana,
216
; Pantingan River massacre and,
204
,
208
,
211

Robinson, Bobby,
282

Rogers, Paul,
18

Roman Catholics,
155
,
238
,
240
,
269
,
275
,
317
,
386
,
388

Roosevelt, Franklin D.,
16
,
24
,
43
,
280
,
352
,
401n
; Corregidor surrender and,
234
; draft law signed by,
8
,
399n
; Fireside Chats of,
123
,
291
; MacArthur ordered out by,
124–25
; POW abuses and,
345
,
346

Roundup, Mont.,
159–60

Royal Air Force, British,
280
,
291

Russell, Dalton,
252
,
254
,
255–56
,
263
,
264
,
268
; death of,
308

Russell, Donnie Mathis,
252
,
256

Russia: Japan's war with,
24
,
25
,
82
,
134
; at Potsdam conference,
328

Rutledge, Wiley B.,
373
,
381

 

Sado Island,
347
,
348
,
349

Saito, Fred,
400n

Saito
(hohei),
106
,
107

Sakai, Saburo,
22–23
,
25–27
,
400n
,
401n

sake,
212
,
213

Samat, Mount,
90
,
136
,
138
,
202–203
,
205

samurai,
79
,
81
,
93
,
101
,
405n

Sanctuary,
USS,
332

Sandy (Steele's niece),
291

San Fernando,
58–60
,
62
,
71
,
168
,
224
,
246
,
314
,
371
,
375
; feeding station in,
412n
; holding pens in,
200
,
202
,
219
; Homma's headquarters in,
111–13
; railhead in,
163
,
169
,
195
,
200
,
361
,
411n
,
412n

San Francisco, Calif.,
333–34

Sanitation Unit, Japanese,
412n

San Pablo,
247

Santa Cruz,
107

Santiago, beach at,
38

Santo Tomas, University of,
327

San Vicente River,
139–40
,
145

Sanyo Muen Mine,
322

Sartin, Lea B. “Pappy,”
267
,
272
,
275
,
312

Sato, Kojiro,
75–76

Saxe, Maurice de,
78

Sayre, Frances Bowes,
400n

Schloat, Don,
285–90

Schope, Bob,
241

Schwartz, Doris,
332–33

Scott, Irwin,
181
,
226
,
238
,
256–57
,
268
,
281
; at Omine-machi,
321
,
328–29
,
330

scurvy,
228
,
229–30
,
328–29

Sekiguchi, Hisashi,
411n

Sekihara, Hideo,
77–78
,
87–88
,
90–91

self-sacrifice,
79
,
81–82
,
101
,
107

Senjinkun
(pamphlet),
101