The Edward Snowden Affair (48 page)

²⁰
   Crow, Dwight. “Reward Edward Snowden for courageously leaking NSA docs” fundraising page.
Crowdtilt
. June 11, 2013.
https://www.crowdtilt.com/campaigns/reward-edward-snowden-forcourageously-leaking-nsa-docs
.

²¹
   Itkowitz, Colby and Daniel Patrick Sheehan. “FBI visits family of NSA leaker in Upper Macungie.”
The Morning Call
. June 10, 2013.
http://articles.mcall.com/2013-06-10/news/mc-pa-ed-snowden-nsa-leak20130610_1_fbi-agents-upper-macungie-township-public-records
.

²²
   Booz Allen Hamilton. “Booz Allen Statement on Reports of Leaked Information.”
Booz Allen Hamilton
. June 11, 2013.
http://www.boozallen.com/media-center/press-releases/48399320/statementreports-leaked-information-060913
.

²³
   Wemple, Erik. “Did Snowden really earn a $200,000 salary?”
The Washington Post
. June 11, 2013.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/erik-wemple/wp/2013/06/11/did-snowden-really-earn-a-200000salary/
.

²⁴
   Cf. 4.1

²⁵
   Philips, Tom. “Edward Snowden: Hong Kong hotel hideaway of the NSA whistleblower.”
The Telegraph
. June 10, 2013.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/hongkong/10110927/Edward-Snowden-Hong-Kong-hotel-hideaway-of-the-NSAwhistleblower.html
.

²⁶
   Mullany, Gerry and Scott Shane. “U.S. Petitions for Extradition in N.S.A. Case.”
The New York Times
. June 22, 2013.
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/23/world/asia/arrest-of-nsa-leaker-seen-as-easier-thantransfer-to-us.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0
.

²⁷
   Cf. 4.1

²⁸
   Lam, Lana. “Whistle-blower Edward Snowden tells SCMP: ‘Let Hong Kong people decide my fate.’”
South China Morning Post
. June 12, 2013.
http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1259422/edwardsnowden-let-hong-kong-people-decide-my-fate?page=all
.

²⁹
   Poitras, Laura and Glenn Greenwald. “Edward Snowden: ‘The US government will say I aided our enemies’ – video interview.”
The Guardian
. July 8, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/video/2013/jul/08/edward-snowden-video-interview
.

³⁰
   Pomfret, James and Yimou Lee. “China’s ‘mini-Hong Kong’ eyes Internet access, shrugs off Shanghai threat.”
Reuters
. Sept. 26, 2013.
http://in.reuters.com/article/2013/09/26/china-qianhaiidINDEE98P08O20130926
.

³¹
   Lai, Alexis. “Hong Kong rallies in the rain for Edward Snowden.”
CNN
. June 16, 2013.
http://www.cnn.com/2013/06/15/world/asia/hongkong-snowden-protest/
.

³²
   Duke East Asian Nexus. “Hong Kong’s Economic and Political Development in the Post-1997 Period.”
Duke.edu
. Dec. 16, 2013.
http://sites.duke.edu/dean/2010/11/23/hong-kongs-economic-and-politicaldevelopment-in-the-post-1997-period/
.

³³
   Cf. 4.31

³⁴
   Lam, Lana. “Whistle-blower Edward Snowden talks to South China
Morning Post
.”
South China Morning Post
. June 12, 2013.
http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1259335/exclusive-whistleblower-edward-snowden-talks-south-china-morning?page=all
.

³⁵
   Lam, Lana. “Edward Snowden: US government has been hacking Hong Kong and China for years.”
South China Morning Post
. June 13, 2013.
http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1259508/edwardsnowden-us-government-has-been-hacking-hong-kong-andchina?page=all
.

³⁶
   Lam, Lana. “Edward Snowden: Classified US data shows Hong Kong hacking targets.”
South China Morning Post
. June 14, 2013.
http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1260306/edward-snowden
classified-us-data-shows-hong-kong-hacking-targets.

³⁷
   West, Angus. “14 disturbing things Snowden has taught us (so far).”
Global Post
. July 9, 2013.
http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/politics/130703/edward-snowden-leaks
.

³⁸
   Morning News (Hong Kong). “Hong Kong Media: Two More Weeks of Exposure to U.S. Government’s ‘Secrets.’” Morning News (Hong Kong). June 20, 2013.
http://war.163.com/13/0620/08/91Q337HN00014OMD.html
.

³⁹
   MacAskill, Ewen. “GCHQ intercepted foreign politicians’ communications at G20 summits.”
The Guardian
. June 16, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2013/jun/16/gchq-interceptedcommunications-g20-summits
.

⁴⁰
   The Guardian. “How GCHQ stepped up spying on South African foreign ministry.”
The Guardian
. June 16, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/16/gchq-south-african-foreign-ministry
.

⁴¹
   
Legislation.gov.uk
. “Intelligence Services Act 1994.”
Legislation.gov.uk
. Dec. 16, 2013.
http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1994/13/section/3#text%3D%22in%20the%20interests%20of%20the%20economic%20wellbeing%20of%20the%20United%20Kingdom%20in%20relation%20to%20the%20actions%20or%20intentions%20of%20persons%20outside%20the%20British%20Island%22
.

⁴²
   Pike, John. “Menwith Hill Station, UK.”
Federation of American Scientists
. Nov. 17, 2003.
http://www.fas.org/irp/facility/menwith.htm
.

⁴³
   Norton-Taylor, Richard. “Menwith Hill eavesdropping base undergoes massive expansion.”
The Guardian
. Mar. 1, 2012.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/mar/01/menwith-hilleavesdropping-base-expansion
.

⁴⁴
   Cf. 4.42

⁴⁵
   Borger, Julian. “G20 summits: Russia and Turkey react with fury to spying revelations.”
The Guardian
. June 17, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/17/turkey-russia-g20-spyinggchq
.

⁴⁶
   BBC News UK. “Spying claims: Countries demand explanation from UK.”
BBC
. June 17, 2013.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-22938073
.

⁴⁷
   Fraser, Suzan. “Turkey probes social network ‘insults.’”
The Big Story
. June 27, 2013.
http://bigstory.ap.org/article/turkey-probes-socialnetwork-postings
.

⁴⁸
   Dominiczak, Peter. “Cameron refuses to comment on G20 spying claims.”
The Telegraph
. June 17, 2013.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/g8/10124795/Cameron-refuses-to-comment-on-G20spying-claims.html
.

⁴⁹
   The White House. “Remarks by the President at the new Economic School Graduation.”
The White House of the United States
. July 7, 2009.
http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/remarks-president-neweconomic-school-graduation
.

⁵⁰
   Cf. 4.1

⁵¹
   Office of the Director of National Intelligence. Transcript of Director James Clapper’s interview with Andrea Mitchell.
Office of the Director of National Intelligence
. June 10, 2013.
http://www.dni.gov/index.php/newsroom/speeches-and-interviews/195-speeches-interviews-2013/874director-james-r-clapper-interview-with-andrea-mitchell
.

⁵²
   Royal Air Force. “RAF Menwith Hill - Personnel and Administration.”
Royal Air Force
. Dec. 16, 2013.
http://www.raf.mod.uk/organisation/rafmenwithhilladministration.cfm
.

⁵³
   Greenwald, Glenn and James Ball. “The top secret rules that allow NSA to use US data without a warrant.”
The Guardian
. June 20, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/20/fisa-court-nsa-withoutwarrant
.

⁵⁴
   Halliday, Josh. “MoD serves news outlets with D notice over surveillance leaks.”
The Guardian
. June 17, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/17/defence-d-bbc-media-censor-surveillance-security
.

⁵⁵
   Staines, Paul and Harry Cole. “D-Notice, June 7, 2013.”
Guido Fawke’s Blog
. June 8, 2013.
http://order-order.com/2013/06/08/d-notice-june-72013/
.

⁵⁶
   AP. “NSA leaker Snowden not welcome in U.K.”
USA Today
. June 14, 2013.
http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2013/06/14/apnewsbreak-nsa-leaker-snowden-not-welcome-in-uk/2422385/
.

⁵⁷
   MacAskill, Ewen. “GCHQ taps fibre-optic cables for secret access to world’s communications.”
The Guardian
. June 21, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2013/jun/21/gchq-cables-secret-worldcommunications-nsa
.

⁵⁸
   Hosenball, Mark. “Snowden downloaded NSA secrets while working for Dell, sources say.”
Reuters
. Aug. 15, 2013.
http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/08/15/usa-security-snowden-dell-idUSL2N0GF11220130815
.

⁵⁹
   Poitras, Laura. “How the NSA Targets Germany and Europe.”
Der Spiegel
. July 1, 2013.
http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/secret-documents-nsa-targeted-germany-and-eu-buildings-a908609.html
.

⁶⁰
   Cf. 4.51

⁶¹
   The Washington Post. “NSA report on privacy violations in the first quarter of 2012.”
The Washington Post
. Aug. 15, 2013.
http://apps.washingtonpost.com/g/page/national/nsa-report-on-privacyviolations-in-the-first-quarter-of-2012/395/#document/p8/a115763
.

⁶²
   Hopkins, Nick, et al. “GCHQ: inside the top secret world of Britain’s biggest spy agency.”
The Guardian
. Aug. 1, 2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/aug/02/gchq-spy-agency-nsasnowden
.

⁶³
   Der Spiegel. “Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger: Justizministerin entsetzt über britisches Abhörprogramm.”
Der Spiegel
. June 22, 2013.
http://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/leutheusser-schnarrenbergerentsetzt-ueber-tempora-a-907314.html
.

⁶⁴
   Cáceres, Javier and Christian Zaschke. “Amerikanischer als die Amerikaner.”
Sueddeutsche
. June 23, 2013.
http://jetzt.sueddeutsche.de/texte/anzeigen/573472/Amerikanischer-als-die-Amerikaner
.

⁶⁵
   Lam, Lana and Stephen Chen. “Snowden reveals more US cyberspying details.”
South China Morning Post
. June 22, 2013.
http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1266777/exclusive-snowdensafe-hong-kong-more-us-cyberspying-details-revealed?page=all
.

⁶⁶
   Lam, Lana and Stephen Chen. “US spies on Chinese mobile phone companies, steals SMS data: Edward Snowden.”
South China Morning Post
. June 22, 2013.
http://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1266821/us-hacks-chinese-mobile-phone-companies-steals-sms-dataedward-snowden?page=all
.

⁶⁷
   Slashdot. “China Telco Replaces Cisco Devices Over Security Concerns.”
Slashdot
. Oct. 26, 2012.
http://hardware.slashdot.org/story/12/10/26/2336246/china-telco-replaces-cisco-devices-over-security-concerns
.

⁶⁸
   Zetter, Kim. “Router Flaw Is a Ticking Bomb.”
Wired
. Aug. 1, 2005.
http://www.wired.com/politics/security/news/2005/08/68365?currentPage=all
.

⁶⁹
   Lam, Lana. “NSA targeted China’s Tsinghua University in extensive hacking attacks, says Snowden.”
South China Morning Post
. June 22, 2013.
http://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1266892/exclusive-nsatargeted-chinas-tsinghua-university-extensive-hacking?page=all
.

⁷⁰
   Global Times. “How big is World Washington Web?”
Global Times
. June 25, 2013.
http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/791338.shtml
.

⁷¹
   Bishop, Bill. The Sinocism China Newsletter 06.25.13.
Sinocism
. June 25, 2013.
https://sinocism.com/?p=9635
.

⁷²
   Internet Monitor. “China’s Reactions to the Snowden Story.”
Harvard.edu
. Aug. 5, 2013.
https://blogs.law.harvard.edu/internetmonitor/2013/08/05/chinas-reactions-to-the-snowden-story/
.

⁷³
   Cf. 4.31

⁷⁴
   Whiteman, Hilary. “Scenarios for Snowden: Escape, arrest, asylum.”
CNN
. June 21, 2013.
http://www.cnn.com/2013/06/20/world/asia/snowden-scenarios-hong-kong/
.

⁷⁵
   Bradsher, Keith. “Hasty Exit Started With Pizza Inside a Hong Kong Hideout.”
The New York Times
. June 24, 2013.
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/25/world/asia/snowden-departure-fromhong-kong.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0
.

⁷⁶
   Lam, Lana. “Hong Kong lawyer Albert Ho says ‘middleman’ urged Snowden to leave.”
South China Morning Post
. June 23, 2013.
http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1267373/exclusive-humanrights-lawyers-hong-kong-reveal-they-worked-closely
.

⁷⁷
   Johnson, Kevin. “WikiLeaks lawyers helping Snowden in brokering asylum.”
USA Today
. June 19, 2013.
http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2013/06/19/wikileaks-assange-snowden-nsa-leak-asylum/2438923/
.

⁷⁸
   Cf. 4.75

⁷⁹
   International Criminal Defense Lawyers. “China (Hong Kong) International Extradition Treaty with the United States.”
McNabb Associates
. Dec. 16, 2013.
http://www.mcnabbassociates.com/China%20Hong%20Kong%20International%20Extradition%20Treaty%20with%20the%20United%20States.pdf
.