The Fight to Save Juárez (54 page)

mass graves,
4
,
6

Matamoros,
47
,
236

McGrath, Raymond,
237–238

Medellín,
215

Medina-Mora, Eduardo,
95
,
127
,
135
,
267

Medrano, Juan Carlos,
192

Meléndez Ortega, Casimiro,
74

Mérida Initiative,
172
,
179

methamphetamines,
82
,
85
,
215

Mexican army: begins patrolling Juárez,
76
,
80
; death squads,
202
; decision to use,
35
; deployment of,
4
; distrust of municipal police,
105
; human rights complaints against,
81
,
168–172
,
203
,
241
; increase in troops,
72
; lack of accountability,
173–175
; mortality rate,
5
; public opinion of,
134
,
137–138
,
158
; Red Berets,
170
; replaced by federal police in Juárez,
241
,
247
; rumors of connection to Sinaloa,
130
; takes over policing Juárez,
132
,
241
; tension with press,
78–79

Mexicano, El
,
202

Mexican Revolution,
164

Mexicles, Los,
27
,
199

Mexico: class structure,
144
, corruption,
2–3
,
20–21
,
80
,
96
,
135
,
164
,
196
; corruption in law enforcement,
34
,
80
; cynicism of people,
244
; democratization impacts cartels,
269
; dysfunction of judicial system,
117
,
128
,
224
,
260–261
,
270
; emergence of drug market,
269
; as “failed state,”
36
,
201
,
267
; human rights issues,
5
; law enforcement structure,
33
.
See also
specific law enforcement agencies

Michoacán,
4
,
5
,
35
,
80
,
245

Molina, Captain,
170

money laundering,
21
,
82

Monterrey,
236
,
270

Monument to Fallen Police,
37
,
41

Mouriño Terrazo, Juan Camilo,
96
,
118

mules,
85

Muñoz, Rafael,
39
,
92

Murguía, Hector “Teto”: attends high school,
89
; bodyguard killed,
266
; as candidate for mayor,
252
,
258
,
262
; connection to Saulo Reyes,
18–20
,
82
; description of,
254
; institutes youth curfew,
165
; militarization of police,
104
; run for governor,
141
; suspicion of ties to Juárez cartel,
253
; tension with federal police,
266–267

NAFTA,
203

narco-capitalism,
203

narcocorridos
,
18
,
65
,
107–108
,
203

narco-corruption,
21
,
135

narcofosa
,
128–129

Narco News,
69
,
237

National Front Against Repression,
202–203
,
219
,
221

New York Times
,
128
,
259

NiNis, Los,
157
,
164–167
,
208
,
224
,
249
,
272

Nogales,
236

Norponiente,
154

Norte
,
El
,
27
,
146
,
202
,
259

Nuevo Laredo: cartel rivalry,
32
; U.S. issues travel warning,
236
; violence in,
12
,
14
,
47

Nuevo León,
5
,
270

Oasis Revolución,
163–164
,
166

Oaxaca,
64
,
80

Obama, Barack,
236
,
239

Obregón, Adriana,
227

Ojinaga
,
175

Omnia
,
79

Ontiveros, Gilberto,
39
,
92

Operación Conjunto Chihuahua: assessed by security cabinet,
95
; de la Rosa's reaction to,
88
; human rights abuses,
168–175
; lack of results,
201
,
204
; planning meeting,
125
,
170–171
.
See also
Mexican army; Operación Coordinada Chihuahua

Operación Coordinada Chihuahua,
201
,
204
,
212

Operation Hold the Line,
54
,
269

Orduña, Roberto: description,
101
; narcomessages about,
122
; resignation of,
123
,
230
; tension with the media,
101–103
; tension with his officers,
103–105

Organización Popular Independiente,
156
,
164

Ortiz, José,
95

Ortiz Arellano, Gerardo,
229

PAN.
See
Partido Acción Nacional

Pancho Villa,
163

Parra, Lizeth,
248

Parral,
163

Partido Acción Nacional (PAN): in Juárez,
40
; success in presidential election,
3
,
201
,
204
,
207–209
,
240

Partido de la Revolución Democrática (PRD),
3
,
201
,
207–209
,
213
,
221

Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI): dominance of,
3
,
140
,
201
,
208–209
,
213
; execution of candidate,
255
; mayoral candidates,
252
; in state government,
214

Pascual, Carlos,
247

Patiño, Patricio: on corruption in municipal police,
49
,
73
; on domestic drug use,
48
; media criticism,
51
; meetings with state government,
23
,
47
,
241
; Pax Mafiosa,
13
; on PR of cartels,
48–49

Penchyna, David,
208

Pérez Cúellar, Cruz,
201
,
204

Pérez Serrano, Sacramento,
122

PGR. See Procuraduría General de la República

picaderos
,
42
,
53–55

Piña Dávila, José Luis,
186
,
189–190

Piña Dávila, Marcos,
186
,
189–190
,
198

Pinos, Los,
32
,
205
,
209–210
,
212
,
215

Plataforma México,
249

police.
See
federal police; Juárez municipal police; state ministerial police

Portillo, César Iván,
123

PRD. See
Partido de la Revolución Democrática

Presidencia Municipal,
1
,
139
,
157
,
261

PRI. See Partido Revolucionario Institucional

Prieto Quintana, Guillermo: attempt at resignation,
70–71
; collaboration with army,
97
; on death of Román,
98
; fear of assassination,
67
; lengthens shifts,
103
; relocation to El Paso,
100
,
123
; Jose Reyes's trust in,
46
; on Saulo Reyes,
19
; on severity of violence,
15
; takes Confidence Test,
94
; in training,
25

Proceso
,
207
,
243–244

Procuraduría General de la República (PGR),
4
,
189

Puma Group,
26
,
29
.
See also
gang task force

Quintana, Víctor,
201
,
207–209

Quintana Roo,
80

Rama, El,
193–195

Ramírez Mandrujano, Noe,
135

Ramírez Peyro, Guillermo Eduardo,
69

Rebollo, General Gutiérrez,
166

Reco, El,
238

Red Cross,
186
,
205

Red de Mujeres,
225

Redelfs, Arthur,
235
,
237–238
,
256

Reforma
,
79
,
249–250
,
259

Reyes, Saulo,
16
,
18–22
,
30
,
49–50
,
82
,
145
,
254

Reyes Estrada Aguirre, José,
38
,
40

Reyes Baeza, José: at Cibeles meeting,
219–220
; on consulting military,
72
; convoy ambushed,
124
; end of term,
20
; endorses candidates,
252
; media criticism of,
201
; meeting with Patiño,
23
; moves state government,
214
; opinion of de la Rosa,
168
; on police assassinations,
95
; rebukes federal government,
207
; refusal to divert funds to Juárez,
133
; relationship with Valencia,
145
; response to Villas de Salvárcar,
190–191
,
197
,
205–206
,
211
,
213
; at security meetings,
247
; suspicions of,
126
,
130
,
141
,
208–209
; tension with Reyes Ferriz,
190
,
259–261

Reyes Ferriz, José: asks Prieto to stay on,
73
; on army as a stop-gap,
139
; at Cibeles
meeting
,
219
; on death of Román,
98
; death threats,
108
,
123–124
,
255
; defends army,
173–174
; defends Calderón,
198
; description of house,
147–148
; early life,
38
; exclusion from relevant meetings,
24
,
51
; on García Luna,
246–248
; isolation of,
71
; last day in office,
258–261
; meets with Inter-American Development Bank,
167
; move of his family to El Paso,
2
; opinion of de la Rosa,
88
; original agenda for his term,
10–11
; relationship with the media,
117
,
146
,
201
; on results of Confidence Tests,
106–107
; on Reyes Baeza,
214
,
259–261
; rumors about,
130
,
145–148
; supports Jáuregui for mayor,
253
; target of Juárez cartel,
11
,
81
; on Villas de Salvárcar,
187
,
205–206
,
211
,
213

Rivera, Diego,
181

Rivera Bretón, Julián David,
132
,
139
,
230

Rodelo, Gerardo Gallegos,
80

Rodríguez, Adrián,
193–194

Rodríguez, Armando,
15
,
116

Román, Antonio,
42
,
68
,
94–99

Román, Juan Antonio,
26

Rosales Rosales, Javier Eduardo,
168–172

Rosas, Facundo,
246–247

Ruiz, Raymundo: covers Calderón's visit,
225
; description of work,
112
; early history,
27
,
131–132
; opinion of army,
134–135
; position as journalist,
114–115
,
117–118

Ruiz Mateos, Gerardo,
213
,
223

Salamayuca Dunes,
224

Salas Valenciano, Gabino,
76

Salcido, Hilda,
234
,
236

Salcido, Jorge,
234
,
237

Sánchez, Pedro,
80

San Isidro,
176

San Luis Potosí,
238

San Rafael cemetery,
192

Santa Fe International Bridge,
235

Santa Teresa de Jesús church,
163–164

Secretariat for Public Security (SSP),
12
,
33
,
94–95
,
118
,
127
,
248–249

Seguro Social, Hospital,
186–187

SENTRI (Secure Electronic Network for Travelers Rapid Inspection),
72
,
86
,
177–179

Sinaloa,
5
, assassination of Edgar Guzmán in,
13
; corruption in police,
35
,
80
; as home of Sinaloa cartel,
244
; “La Gente Nueva,”
43
; military abuses in,
174
; Miss Sinaloa,
120

Sinaloa cartel: bribe Ramírez Mandrujano,
135
; connection to Artistas Asesinos,
194
,
197
; create panic in police,
68
; pre/post-Calderón status,
267–268
; recruit police,
84
,
140
; responsible for police deaths,
31
; rumored connection to García Luna and federal police,
243–244
,
247
; rumors of connection to military,
130
; targeted by Jáuregui,
253
; target La Línea,
42
; total arrests of,
244
; use of
narcocorridos
,
107
; war with the Gulf cartel,
47
; war with Juárez cartel,
10
,
13
,
57
,
193–195
,
269
; war with Los Zetas,
32
; in Valley of Juárez,
176