Authors: Gayle Laakmann McDowell
Tags: #Business & Economics, #Careers, #Job Hunting, #General
Your Questions Answered
It’s a Family Matter
Dear Gayle,
The only school activity I’ve done is the waterskiing team—and that was just my freshman year of college. I was hoping to get more involved with college activities, but then my father got sick.
I didn’t have to take time off school, but I did have to help him out a bit at work. He runs a local chain of jewelry stores, so I’ve had to do everything from hiring and training salespeople for a new store to reorganizing our accounting system. Being family and all, I didn’t get paid a dime (!).
I’m a junior now and about to apply for internships. Is there a way to tactfully explain my family situation on my résumé? It looks rather sparse as is, and it doesn’t look like this situation is going to change anytime soon.
~K. C.
Dear K. C.,
While you can absolutely briefly explain your situation if an interviewer inquires, personal details like this do not belong on a résumé. Your résumé is about what you actually did, not your excuses (even if reasonable) for not doing more.
However, you can—and should—list your experience with your father’s business on your résumé. No one has to know that it’s your father’s business and, frankly, it doesn’t matter anyway. The good thing, as you said, is that you’ve done a wide variety of things.
Think through your past couple of years on the “job” and make a list of your most tangible accomplishments. These will become your résumé bullets. Tailor your selections to the positions you’re applying for. That is, if you’re applying for program manager jobs, your work building a new team for a new store is very relevant, as well as anything else that shows leadership. Then, come up with an appropriate job title. You can be called anything you want (within reason), as long as you clear it with your boss/father.
In the future, ask your father if you can focus your activities on particular aspects of the business that are most relevant to your career. This could be a win-win for you and your father—and even for your future employer.
~Gayle
On the Up and Up
Dear Gayle,
I had a low GPA freshman year—very low. It was 1.93. I’ve worked really hard and pulled mostly A’s, but still my GPA is only a 2.98. That places it just below that 3.0 cutoff that many companies have.
Should I just not list my GPA?
~M. G.
Dear M. G.,
Conventional wisdom is that you don’t list your GPA when it’s below a 3.0, but I do feel that yours is somewhat of a special case. Your grades now are, in fact, quite good. I worry that by leaving off your GPA, the assumption will be that it’s lower than a 3.0.
My advice is that if you have academic awards, like the Dean’s List, list those without your GPA. That will remove the employers’ assumption when they didn’t see a GPA.
If you don’t have such awards, you should list your GPA—but only your GPA after freshman year. Something like this will do the trick:
It’ll be plainly obvious what you’re doing, but that’s not really an issue. The important thing is that your grades are good
now
, and they have been for a while.
When your interviewer asks what happened freshman year, don’t beat around the bush. Tell him the truth. You were a bit overwhelmed, both academically and socially, with college. You realized at the end of the year that you really needed to straighten up and focus, and you’ve done just that.
Personally, if I heard an answer like that, I’d be pretty impressed. You’ve shown honesty in your answer and maturity in your reaction. Way to go.
~Gayle
But Seriously
Dear Gayle,
I have about two years’ work experience in two different roles. I also have three internships from college, plus a double major and a few extracurriculars. I’m having trouble fitting it on two pages, let alone one.
If I need it, I can use more than one page, right?
~R. S.
Dear R.S.,
No.
Well, ok,
if
you need it, sure. But that’s one heck of a qualifier—and one that I don’t buy into.
Not all recruiters are strict on the “one page” rule, but some are. Do you really want your recruiter’s first thought to be frustration?
Even if a recruiter gives a vague “oh, any length is fine” statement, it doesn’t mean longer is better. Focus on the best, most relevant accomplishments. You can fit them all one page, I assure you. Diluting them with weaker items will only make you look worse.
~Gayle
Deconstructing the Résumé In the previous chapter, we told you what makes a good résumé, and it was things like conciseness, structure, accomplishments, and so on. But seeing a bunch of A+ résumés does you only so much good.
In this chapter, I’ll show you two mediocre résumés and one great one. We’ll walk through what’s good and bad about all three. You will develop a more trained eye to evaluate a résumé and will be better able to apply this thought process to your own résumé.
Though names and some identifying details have been changed, these are all real résumés from real candidates.
Please note:
Due to limitations of page size, we will not review the length of the résumé or the formatting. Additionally, for brevity reasons, we have included only excerpts of résumé sections.
Objective Seeking a full-time position as a software engineer where I can contribute to the success of the company. | 1. This objective doesn’t add anything. All it specifies is that the candidate is looking for a software engineering position, which should be obvious. |
Education University of Maryland : Aug. 2008 – Dec. 2010 Master of Science, Computer Science (GPA: 3.93/4.0) India Institute of Technology : Aug. 2002 – Jun. 2006 Bachelor of Engineering, Computer Science (GPA: 3.7/4.0) | |
Technical Skills Technologies : Java, C, Visual Basic, SQL, REXX, COBOL, Shell Script IDE/Editors : Netbeans, Eclipse, VIM WEB Technology : Servlet, JSP, PHP, JavaScript, JQuery, Ajax, HTML, XML, CSS, Action Script, Firebug, Hibernate APIs : Google Visualization, FusionCharts, PHP, Report Maker Database : MySQL, Oracle Server : Apache, Tomcat Source Control : SVN/CVS Platform : Linux, Windows Vista/XP, OS390 | 2. The candidate has seemingly listed every technology he’s worked with. Most companies don’t care at this level, especially the “top” companies. 3. This extensive list also raises the question of how comfortable he is with them. Will he be able to tackle questions of these topics? |
Employment University of Maryland . College Park, MD (Jan. 2010 – Sept. 2010) Graduate Assistant
| 4. These descriptions are very vague—I can’t get a good handle on what exactly he did. What was the goal? What did he accomplish? 5. Additionally, setting up a piece of software is hardly an accomplishment compared to other graduate work. |
Around Circa, Inc. Sunnyvale, CA. (July 2009 – Jan. 2010) Web Developer, Intern
| 6. He’s listed a lot of items here under his job. When you list this many, it almost certainly means that you have a lot of junk mixed in. 7. Again, the descriptions are vague. Language like “Implement the backend logic, which generates a diagram based on a sequence of rules” could be a bit clearer. 8. On the bright side, Bill does know to focus on his accomplishments rather than his responsibilities, which is good. |
Projects Remote Method Invocation System (Language/Platform: Java/Linux) Based on classical stub-skeleton design for communication between client and servers, this system takes description of remote object interfaces in form of Interface Definition Language (IDL) and generates stub and skeleton which provides communication support to invoke remote object. | 9. Bill’s project descriptions are excellent. They provide just the right amount of detail to be useful, without overwhelming the reader. 10. The one thing that would make this slightly stronger is for Bill to list the dates of the projects. |
Distributed Hash Table (Language/Platform: Java/Linux) Successfully implemented Distributed Hash Table based on chord lookup protocol, Chord protocol is one solution for connecting the peers of a P2P network. Chord consistently maps a key onto a node. | |
Information Retrieval System (Language/Platform: Java/Linux) Developed an indexer to index corpus of file and a Query Processor to process the Boolean query. The Query Processor outputs the file name, title, line number, and word position. Implemented using Java API such as serialization and collections (Sortedset, Hashmaps). | |
Achievements
| 11. He’s listed an award, but he hasn’t explained the significance. What is Capgemini? What’s the award for, and how competitive is it? 12. Bill mentions that he increased productivity, but by how much? Quantifying his accomplishment would help. |
Assessment
This is very much a mediocre résumé. It’s well structured and easy to read, but I have trouble understanding a lot of his work experience. More elaboration and context behind his accomplishments would make them more real.
Objective To work in a mutually beneficial environment where I can utilize my experience and hardworking nature to overcome obstacles and ensure on time quality deliverable at the same time learn in a highly competitive environment. | 1. Again, this is a fluff objective. Most objectives are. Don’t list an objective unless you need to. |
Skills Project Management and Delivery Strong verbal/written communication Schedule estimation and administration New partner engagement and relationship management Cross-group collaboration Contract negotiation | 2. Oh, well, if Steve says he has strong verbal/written communication, it must be true! Unless you have just oodles of space and nothing to do with them, I’d suggest leaving off these “soft skills,” since they’re completely subjective. |
Employment Microsoft Corporation . Redmond, WA (2007–2010) Principal Program Manager, Microsoft Windows
| 3. Steve’s bullets are, by and large, responsibilities. The difference is in stating the outcome. “Managed release cycle and reduced alpha-to-market time by 23%”—now that’s an accomplishment! |
Net Systems . Pittsburgh, PA (2001–2007) Director, Information Technology
| 4. These bullets are a bit closer to accomplishments, but could still stand to demonstrate the results in a quantifiable way a bit better. 5. The major problem with these bullets is that it’s hard to see the relationship between what Steve did and program management. Assuming that’s his chosen career path, he could probably pick accomplishments that are a bit more relevant. 6. Finally, the first bullet is a bit lengthy and offers a lot of extraneous information. |
Net Systems . Pittsburgh, PA (1996–2001) Senior Administrator, Information Technology
| 7. Almost without exception these bullets are responsibilities. They should be accomplishments. 8. The other major issue is that the responsibilities are not terribly relevant to his career. Does anyone care about his fixing computers? No. He’d do better to list just the most impressive stuff, and back it up with concrete data about uptime, power usage changes, etc. |
Education Washington University , Dec 2001 Bachelor of Science, Computer Science | |
Awards
| 9. Well, now this is unfortunate. Finally we’re at the bottom of his résumé, reading very carefully, and we discover that Steve’s won some pretty impressive awards. Steve should cut the list’s interesting awards (Ship Its, Recognitions, Dean’s List, etc) and just list the Gold Star and Innovation Award. 10. Because not everyone will recognize those awards, Steve should explain what the awards are and, if possible, some data about the selectivity. |
Assessment
You certainly walk away from this résumé with a strong impression of the candidate, but how much of that is his résumé versus his actual experience? I’m betting that a good part of the position impression is due to the fact that he is pretty impressive. Even a bad résumé can’t screw that up
that
much.
At the same time, I’m not sure he’s doing himself many favors with his résumé. Steve’s résumé needs to his list accomplishments better and
prove
to us why they matter.
Employment Blippd . New York, NY (2008–Present) Software Engineer
| 1. Geena uses a substantial, quantifiable accomplishment for the very first bullet. She kicks things off on a good note. 2. Though it’s never easy to explain why something was hard or easy on a résumé, this candidate has done a fairly good job. 3. The “tangible” accomplishments are reasonably clear—we can guess as to why backwards compatibility matters. |
Microsoft Corporation. Redmond, WA (Summers 2005–2007) Software Design Engineer, Intern Visual Studio Core (Summer 2007) | 4. Two of the four bullets show quantifiable results. It’s clear from here that she made a substantial impact on the project. |
| 5. The first bullet is valuable in its own way—it’s a highly visible feature, which speaks to her credibility. |
University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA (Fall 2005–Spring 2008)
| 6. The important points here are the course names and the fact that she was promoted. Both items are immediately obvious. |
Education University of Pennsylvania , May 2008 Master of Science, Computer Science. GPA: 3.6 Graduate Coursework: Software Engineering; Computer Architecture; Algorithms; Artificial Intelligence; Computational Theory University of Pennsylvania , May 2006 Bachelor of Science, Computer Science. GPA: 3.3 | |
Undergraduate Coursework : Operating Systems; Databases; Algorithms; Programming Languages; Computer Architecture. Projects Multiuser Drawing Tool (2007). Electronic classroom where multiple users can view and simultaneously draw on a “chalkboard” with each person’s edits synchronized. C++, MFC. | 7. Geena’s projects show the right amount of detail. Not too much, not too little. She is maximizing the odds that people read this section. |
Synchronized Calendar (2006–2007). Desktop calendar with globally shared calendars, allowing users to schedule meetings with other users. Calendars automatically synchronized with centralized SQL server. C#.NET, SQL, XML. Awarded Third Prize in Computer Science Senior Design Projects. | |
Operating System (2006). UNIX-style OS with scheduler, file system, text editor and calculator. C. Skills
| 8. Geena has kept her list of languages relatively confined. She doesn’t waste time with listing things like Office and Windows, and mentions only those skills relevant to her career path. |