The Queen Mother (172 page)
Authors: William Shawcross
Westminster Children’s Society | 1933–2002 | Formerly City of Westminster Health Society |
Widows Friend Society | 1936–2002 | |
Windsor District Nursing Association | 1945–1948 | |
R. Wolverhampton School | 1937–2002 | |
Women’s College Hospital, Toronto | 1962–2002 | |
Women’s Land Army Benevolent Fund | 1941–1957 | HM sent messages for reunions until the final one in 2001 |
Women’s Royal Voluntary Service | 1939–2002 | President |
World Angus Secretariat | 1999–2002 | |
Young Women’s Christian Association of Great Britain | 1923–1937 | |
| 1937–2002 | Patroness, Girls Section Patron, National Association |
Young Women’s Christian Association Central Club | 1937–2002 | |
| MISCELLANEOUS APPOINTMENTS | ||
R. Agricultural Society | 1959 | Trustee |
| 1960 | President |
| 1998 | Hon. Trustee |
Charterhouse, The | 1953–2002 | Royal Governor |
Cinque Ports | 1978–2002 | Lord Warden and Constable of Dover Castle |
Girton College, Cambridge | 1948–2002 | Visitor |
Middle Temple, the Honourable | 1944–2002 | Master of the Bench |
Society of the | 1949 | Treasurer |
Hospital of Sir John Hawkins, Kt, in Chatham (Almshouses) | 1978–2002 | Governor as Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports |
St John of Jerusalem, Order of the Hospital of | 1927 | Dame Grand Cross |
University College of Rhodesia and Nyasaland | 1954–1971 | President |
University of Dundee | 1967–1977 | Chancellor |
University of London | 1955–1980 | Chancellor |
Abbreviations
| BUA | Birmingham University Archives |
| CAC | Churchill Archives Centre, Cambridge |
| CHAR | Chartwell Papers |
| FCO | Foreign and Commonwealth Office |
| FO | Foreign Office |
| GLLD | Papers of first Baron Lloyd of Dolobran |
| LAC/BAC | Library and Archives Canada/Bibliotheque et Archives Canada |
| LASL | Papers of Sir Alan Lascelles |
| NLS | National Library of Scotland |
| RA | Royal Archives |
| RCIN | Royal Collection Inventory Number |
| SPW | St Paul’s Walden Bury |
ROLOGUE
1
Birthday card, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF
2
Prince of Wales to Queen Elizabeth, 6 August 2000, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF
NE
: A
N
E
DWARDIAN
C
HILDHOOD
1900–1914
1
The Book of Record: A Diary written by Patrick Third Earl of Kinghorne and First of Strathmore and other documents relating to Glamis Castle 1684–1689
. Rendered into modern spelling and punctuation from the edition published by the Scottish History Society in 1890 by David M. Gauld, privately printed, 2004
2
Charles E. Hardy,
John Bowes and the Bowes Museum
, Friends of the Bowes Museum, 1989, p. 10
3
James Wentworth Day,
The Queen Mother’s Family Story
, Robert Hale, 1967, pp. 22–3
4
Ibid., p. 24
5
J. Foot,
Lives of Andrew Robinson Bowes Esq. and the Countess of Strathmore
… (1810), quoted in Hardy, p. 10
6
Wentworth Day, p. 27
7
Streatlam and Gibside, the Bowes and Strathmore Families in County Durham
, Durham County Council, 1980
8
Wendy Moore,
Wedlock: How Georgian Britain’s Worst Husband Met His Match
, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2009, p. 93
9
Wentworth Day, p. 36
10
Moore, p. 239
11
Ibid., p. 253
12
Rosalind K. Marshall,
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
, Oxford University Press, 2004, article on Mary Eleanor Bowes
13
Wentworth Day, p. 85; Stafford M. Linsley,
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
, article on John Bowes
14
Harry Gordon Slade,
Glamis Castle
, Society of Antiquaries of London, 2000, p. 11
15
Lord Frederick Hamilton,
The Days before Yesterday
, Hodder & Stoughton, 1920, p. 247
16
Ibid., pp. 242–3, 245
17
Letters between Lord Glamis and Cecilia Cavendish-Bentinck, undated, Glamis Archives
18
Thirteenth Earl of Strathmore, diary, 16 July 1881, Glamis Archives
19
1901 Census return for The Bury, St Paul’s Walden
20
Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, passport issued on 23 May 1921, Glamis Archives
21
Diana Lyttelton to Editor,
Woman’s Weekly
, 6 & 11 July 1950; to Jennifer Ellis, 8 August 1952, RA QEQMH/PRS/4
22
Russell T. Grant to Queen Elizabeth, 14 October 1978, RA QEQMH/GEN/1978/British Astrological Society
23
Thirteenth Earl of Strathmore, diary, 21 August 1900, Glamis Archives
24
Grania Forbes,
My Darling Buffy
, Headline, 1999, pp. 3–7
25
Dorothy Laird,
Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother
, Coronet, 1985, p. 39
26
Hugo Vickers,
Elizabeth The Queen Mother
, Hutchinson, 2005, pp. 1–2
27
Rev. Canon Dendle French to Elizabeth Leeming, 5 February 2005. See also Canon Dendle French to Lucy Murphy, 12 January 1983, RA QEQMH/GEN/1983/St Paul’s Walden
28
J. M. Roberts,
History of the World
, Hutchinson, 1976, p. 885
29
Ibid.
30
Mark Girouard,
Life in the English Country House
, Yale University Press, 1978, p. 298
31
Richard Beaumont,
Purdey’s: The Guns and the Family
, David & Charles, 1994, p. 104
32
Jill Franklin,
The Gentleman’s Country House and Its Plan 1835–1914
, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1981, p. 81
33
Notes on the Strathmore family and its homes compiled for the author by Elizabeth Leeming, elder daughter of the seventeenth Earl of Strathmore
34
Lady Cynthia Asquith,
The Duchess of York
, Hutchinson, [1927], p. 45
35
Ibid., p. 33
36
Asquith,
The Queen
, Hutchinson, 1937, pp. 22–3
37
Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 1994–5, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC
38
Asquith,
The Queen
, p. 24
39
Ibid., p. 25
40
Ibid., p. 49
41
Queen Elizabeth to Rachel Bowes Lyon, 19 July 1988, Bowes Lyon Papers, SPW
42
Laird, p. 40
43
Asquith,
The Queen
, p. 45
44
Ibid., pp. 45–6
45
Gordon Slade, pp. 31–2; notes on Glamis Castle by Elizabeth Leeming
46
Leeming notes
47
Gordon Slade, pp. 105–6
48
Ibid., p. 76
49
Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 1994–5, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC
50
Thirteenth Earl of Strathmore, diary 2 October 1903, Glamis Archives
51
Lady May Bowes Lyon, diary, February 1904, private collection
52
Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 1994–5, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC
53
Beryl Poignand to her mother, n.d. [20 November 1914], Poignand Papers
54
Leeming notes
55
Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 1994–5, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC
56
Leeming notes
57
Laird, p. 37
58
Leeming notes
59
Laird, p. 36
60
Leeming notes
61
Laird, p. 36
62
Raymond Asquith to Katharine Horner, 25 September 1905 (copy), RA QEQM/PRIV/HIST, quoted in
Raymond Asquith: Life and Letters
, ed. John Joliffe, Collins, 1980, p. 134
63
Forbes, pp. 8–9
64
Christopher Dingwall,
Glamis Castle: A History of the Designed Landscape
, Strathmore Estates, 2000, pp. 40–1; the Countess of Strathmore, ‘Glamis, the Autumn Garden’,
The Gardener’s Year Book
, Philip Allen, 1928, p. 52
65
Mrs Scott to Lady Glamis, 10, 16 September 1903, Glamis Archives (CH)
66
Asquith,
The Queen
, p. 32
67
Ibid., p. 29
68
Ibid., pp. 36–7
69
Ibid., p. 41
70
Ibid., pp. 46–7
71
Ibid., pp. 47–8
72
Lord Strathmore to the Dowager Lady Strathmore, 14 February 1907, Glamis Archives
73
Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to Lord Strathmore, 22 February 1907, Glamis Archives
74
Asquith,
The Queen
, p. 38
75
Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to Lord Strathmore, 10 February 1909, Glamis Archives
76
Asquith,
The Queen
, p. 39
77
Elizabeth’s friend Lavinia Spencer wrote several letters to her sympathizing over her troubles with Dorothy: 14 August, 17 September, 27 December 1915, 7 January 1916, 16 October 1919, Glamis Archives
78
Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 1910, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/1
79
Ibid.
80
Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to Mlle Lang, 20 [21] January 1910, Glamis Archives
81
Elizabeth Longford,
The Royal House of Windsor
, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1974, pp. 51–2
82
King George V, diary, 6 May 1910, quoted in Kenneth Rose,
King George V
, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1983, p. 76
83
Lady Strathmore, diary, 7, 20 May 1910, Glamis Archives
84
Asquith,
The Queen
, p. 39
85
Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to May Elphinstone, 16 July 1910, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE
86
Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to May Elphinstone, 19 July 1910, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE
87
Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to May Elphinstone, 5 August 1910, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE
88
Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to Lady Strathmore, 13 December 1910, Glamis Archives (CH)
89
Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to Lady Strathmore, 29 December 1910, Glamis Archives (CH)
90
Roberts,
History of the World
, p. 901
91
Exercise book, 1911, Bowes Lyon Papers, SPW
92
Ibid.
93
Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 1994–5, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC
94
Ibid.
95
Asquith,
The Queen
, p. 42
96
Elizabeth Leeming: Notes on shooting with the Strathmores; Elizabeth Leeming interview with Ronnie Carr, 8 February 2006
97
Laird, p. 45
98
Asquith,
The Queen
, p. 44
99
Frederick Dalrymple Hamilton, diary, 15, 18, 19 August 1911, private collection
100
Ibid., 20, 21 August 1911
101
Hon. John Bowes Lyon to Lady Strathmore, 24 July [1911], Glamis Archives
102
Hon. John Bowes Lyon to Lady Delia Spencer, 14 October 1911, Glamis Archives
103
Mrs Scott to Lady Strathmore, 29 October 1911, Glamis Archives
104
Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 17–18 February 1912, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/1
105
Frederick Dalrymple Hamilton, diary, 3, 4 March 1912, private collection
106
Ibid., 13–15 April 1912
107
Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 1912, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/1
108
Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to Lady Strathmore, 10 May 1912, Glamis Archives
109
Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to Lady Strathmore, 12 May 1912, Glamis Archives
110
Laurel Gray to Queen Elizabeth, 1 December 1948, RA QEQMH/GEN/1948/Gray
111
Terry Wolsey,
Elizabeth of Glamis
, Canongate, 1990, p. 11
112
Joan Woollcombe, ‘A Royal Birthday’,
The Lady
, 31 July 1969; Vickers, p. 10
113
Lady May Bowes Lyon, diary, 22 December 1904, private collection
114
Asquith,
The Queen
, p. 56
115
Ibid., p. 54
116
Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 1994–5, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC; Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 2, 3 June 1913, Glamis Archives
117
Author’s interview with Lady Penn
118
Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 1994–5, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC
119
School reports, 30 Sloane Street, January-February 1912, March 1913, Glamis Archives, Box 270
120
Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, April 1913, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/2
121
Käthe Kübler,
Meine Schulerin – die Königin von England
, Hermann Eichblatt, Leipzig, 1937, pp. 7–8, 10 (translation)
122
Ibid., p. 10
123
Ibid., p. 12
124
Ibid., p. 13
125
Ibid., pp. 18–19
126
Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to the Hon. David Bowes Lyon, 18 July [1913], Glamis Archives
127
Frederick Dalrymple Hamilton, diary, 19–20 July 1913, private collection
128
Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 1913, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/2
129
Kübler, pp. 25–7
130
Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to the Hon. David Bowes Lyon, 30 November 1913, Bowes Lyon Papers (SPW)
131
Kübler, pp. 11–12
132
Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to Lady Strathmore, 25 June 1914, Glamis Archives (CH)
133
Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to Lady Strathmore, 26 June 1914, Glamis Archives (CH)
134
Beryl Poignand to her mother, n.d. [8 December 1914], Poignand Papers. The same story appeared in Lady Cynthia Asquith’s biography of the Duchess of York
135
Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to Lady Strathmore, 25 June 1914, Glamis Archives (CH)
136
Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to Lady Strathmore, 12 June 1914, Glamis Archives (CH)
137
Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to the Hon. Michael Bowes Lyon, Glamis Archives (CH)
138
Kübler, p. 31
139
King George V, diary, RA GV/PRIV/GVD/1914: 3, 4 August
140
Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 1994–5, RAQEQM/ADD/MISC
WO
: T
ENDING THE
W
OUNDED
1914–1918
1
Quoted in Samuel Hynes,
The Auden Generation
, The Bodley Head, 1976, p. 18
2
John Terraine,
The First World War
, Leo Cooper, 1983, p. 8
3
Winston Churchill,
The World Crisis 1911–1918
, ed. Martin Gilbert, Free Press, London, 2005, p. 109
4
King George V, diary, 3 August 1914, RA GV/PRIV/GVD
5
Gilbert,
The First World War
, HarperCollins, 1995, p. 37
6
Ibid., pp. 37, 38
7
David Cannadine,
The Decline and Fall of the British Aristocracy
, Yale University Press, 1990, p. 72
8
Hon. Michael Bowes Lyon to Lady Strathmore, 8 August 1914, Glamis Archives
9
Hon. Fergus Bowes Lyon to Lady Strathmore, 9 September 1914, Glamis Archives
