The Road to Hell (54 page)

Nanyuki, Kenya,
9

National Charities Information Bureau (NCIB),
138
n,
268
-69

National Press Club,
233

National Public Radio,
27

National Refugee Commission (NRC), Somali,
63
,
65
,
98
-99,
102
,
119
,
120
,
124
-25,
131
-32,
163
,
165
,
175
,
282
; importance of,
95
-96; number of refugees and,
126
-27

National Review
,
217

National Security Council,
227
-28

National Security Service (NSS), Somali,
36
,
58
,
96
,
99
,
125
,
126

NATO,
228
; Bosnia and,
278
-79; Clinton and,
279
; future of,
278
-79; UN and,
275
,
278
-79

NBC,
76

New Delhi, India,
21

Newsday
,
206

Newsweek
,
30

New York Times
,
27
,
163
,
204
,
208
,
210

NGOs (non-governmental organizations),
15
-18,
20
,
56
,
80
,
94
,
98
,
106
,
107
,
111
114
,
136
-37,
166
,
175
-77,
190
,
197
200
.
See also individual organizations
. Africans as starving, exploiting the image of,
96
-97; early days of,
32
-33,
201
; expatriates' contempt for,
260
-61; future of,
278
,
279
; growth of,
263
-64
267
-68; how contributions are wasted,
23
-24,
268
; “Peacekeeping” trade shows,
270
-77; reasons for so many in Somalia,
94
-95,
135
; what is needed to reform,
269

Nigeria,
11
,
287
; UN troops from,
249

Nike,
267

Nixon, Richard,
198
,
275

Nkrumah, Kwame,
4

Nomads,
33
; dependency and,
21
-22,
54
,
56
; in Ethiopia,
94
,
132
; in Kenya,
9
-10; prejudice against,
54
,
56
; resettlement attempts,
9
-10,
53
-56; in Somalia,
14
,
21
-22,
53
-57,
64
,
95
,
109

Non-governmental organizations.
See
NGOs

Norfolk Hotel (Nairobi),
4

Noriega, Manuel,
227

North American Export Grain Association,
191

Ntaryamira, Cyprien,
239

Nur, Abdi Aden,
175

Nyinawumwami, Christine,
266

Oakley, Robert,
220
,
230
,
234
,
253
-54,
286

Office of Food for Peace,
197

Ogaadeen clan,
55
,
68
,
100
,
100
n,
179
n,
184
; refugees and,
53
-54,
71
,
99
,
106
,
109
-15,
117
-18,
131
,
133
,
134
,
181
; Somali Patriotic Movement and,
183

Ogaden war,
122
.
See also
Refugees, details of,
33
-36,
108
-9,
282
-83

Oliphant, Patrick Bruce,
213

Olympic Hotel (Mogadishu),
231

Omar Mahamoud clan,
243

On Violence
(Arendt),
178

Operation Blessing, Zaire and,
265
-66

Operation Eastern Exit,
188

Operation Provide Relief,
209

Operation Restore Hope,
27
,
208
-9,
235
,
236
,
239
,
253
-54

Oromo Liberation Front,
133

Orphans, in Somalia,
14
,
119
; clans and,
95

Ortiz, José,
45
-46,
48
-51

Osman, Abdillahi Sayeed,
132

Osman, Ahmed Sheikh,
106
-7,
175
-77

Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso,
20

Oxfam, Somalia and,
94
,
98
126
,
242

Pakistan,
123
; UN troops from,
214
,
220
,
222
,
224
-25,
231
,
233
,
237
,
249
,
255
,
284
,
285

Panama,
227

Parker, John,
264

Peace Corps: Cassidy and,
29
,
39
,
40
,
44
,
45
; changes from 1970s to 1980s,
48
; Kenya and,
1
-7,
39
,
268
; Somalia and,
71
; why people join,
2
-4

“Peacekeeping” trade shows,
270
-77

Pedagogy of the Oppressed
(Freire),
25

Penny, Tim,
189

Penny-Grandy amendment,
189
-92

Pérez de Cuéllar, Javier,
132

Perlez, Jane,
163
,
210

Personal Record, A
(Conrad),
58

Philadelphia Inquirer
,
103
-5

Pig and Whistle Hotel (Meru, Kenya),
6

Plan International,
139

PL-480.
See
Food for Peace

PLO,
237

Pohalski, Olga,
234
-36

Portugal, Somalia and,
39

Poweli, Colin,
220
n,
221
,
231
,
251

President's Council on Sustainable Development,
47
-48

Private voluntary agencies.
See
NGOs

Prostitution: in Kenya,
38
,
258
,
260
,
161
; in Somalia,
38

Provide Relief, Somalia and,
284

Prunier, Gérard,
263

Qat
,
17
,
19
,
31
,
58
-59,
95
,
97
,
98
,
245

“Qeybdiid,” Abdi Hassan Awale,
223
-24,
229
,
242
n

Qorioley, Somalia,
42
,
86
; Cassidy family's living conditions in,
60
,
67
,
75
-76,
83
-84; irrigation project,
44
,
55
-57,
59
-67,
69
-74,
77
-78,
80
-81,
83
,
137
,
168
; refugees in,
44
,
53
-57,
62
-67,
73
,
75
,
109
-10,
112
-13

Quick Reaction Force (QRF), Somalia and,
220
,
220
n,
229
,
285
; Aydiid, pursuit of,
222
,
286

Quindlen, Anna,
204
,
208

Radio Mogadishu,
71
,
224
-27,
224
n,
226
n,
254
,
286

Raghe, Abdirahman Osman,
164
-69,
174
,
175
,
177
,
184

Rahanwiin clan,
54
,
69
,
169

Rapid Deployment Force,
36

Rather, Dan,
212

Rausch, Steven,
232
-33

Rawson, David,
173
-75

Raymond's Blankets,
263

Reagan, Ronald,
228
; Somalia and,
14
,
36

Red Cross,
271
; CARE and,
264
; Haiti and,
199
; International Committee of the,
218
; Kenya and,
262
-63; Rwanda and,
262
-63; Uganda and,
182

Red Cross, Somalia and,
15
,
18
,
53
,
54
,
103
,
116
,
272
; budget,
218
; famine-death estimates,
209
-10; workers killed,
19
,
185
-86

Refugee Policy Group (RPG),
214

Refugees, Somalia and,
86
,
263
; in Bardera,
97
,
211
; Barre and,
36
-37,
63
,71,
99
,
104
-5,
111
,
112
,
114
,
116
-17,130-32,
134
,
163
,
164
,
167
,
180
-81,
261
; in Beledweyne,
93
-94,
96
,
98
,
99
,
102
,
106
,
109
,
127
,
128
,
279
-80; Berbera's port and,
40
,
41
; Bryden's story,
182
-88,
243
-44; Daarood clan and,
99
,
162
-66,
181
; Durable Solutions to the problem,
131
-32,
183
; in Hargeysa,
40
,
65
,
118
-19,
179
,
283
; Hawaadle clan and,
99
,
114
; Hawiye (Habar Gidir) clan and,
99
,
106
,
111
,
112
,
163
; in Hiran,
102
; Ilhan's story,
52
-57; Isaaq clan and,
71
,
111
,
118
-19,
134
,
179
,
181
;in Jalalaqsi,
106
,
107
,
109
-10,
112
-14; in Kismaayo,
162
; in Korahey,
108
-9; Majeerteen clan and,
99
,
118
; in Mogadishu,
106
-8; Mogadishu's port and,
93
-94; National Refugee Commission and,
63
,
65
,
95
-96,
98
,
99
,
119
,
120
,
124
-27,
131
-32,
163
,
165
,
175
,
282
; number of,
12
,
33
,
36
,
51
,
97
,
116
,
125
-29; Ogaadeen clan and,
53
-54,
71
,
99
,
106
,
109
-15,
117
-18,
131
,
133
,
134
,
181
; in Qorioley,
44
,
53
-57,
62
-67,
73
,
75
,
109
-10,
112
-13; Raghe's story,
164
-69; Shirdon's story,
162
-66; in Sigalow,
102
; UNHCR and,
15
,
17
,
19
-21,
26
,
33
,
51
,
55
,
62
-65,
84
,
88
-90,
93
,
94
,
103
,
105
,
117
,
120
-35,
180
-83,
203
; Westen Somalia Liberation Front and,
94
,
97
-99,
101
,
102
,
118

Resource Management and Research,
125
-29

Reuter, Richard,
194
,
197

Reuters,
210
,
213
,
229
,
286

Rich, Marc,
192

Richardson, Elliot,
275
-77

Richburg, Keith,
208
,
209
,
230

Richo Grain Limited,
191
-92

Rick (CARE rep. in Kenya),
261

Rio conference on the environment (1992),
47

Roberts, Pat,
190

Robertson, Pat,
265
-66,
265
n

Roger (friend of Chris Cassidy),
29

Rose, Charles G. III,
191
-92

Rose, Michael,
222

Rosenblum, Mort,
209

Rosin, David,
265

Russia,
96
,
102
,
188
; AmeriCares and,
265

Ruttan, Vernon,
201

Rwanda,
11
,
140
-41,
240
; Americans for African Adoptions International and,
267
; CARE and,
182
,
264
; Kigali,
239
,
267
; Red Cross and,
262
-63; UN and,
221
,
261
-62,
265
-67,
266
n,
273
; war in,
239
,
258
-69,
263
n,
266
n,
272
,
273
,
279

Sadik, Nans,
47

Sahafi Hotel (Mogadishu),
203
-4,
213
,
237

Sahnoun, Mohamed,
209
,
214
-15,
284

St. Louis Post-Dispatch
,
207

Salvation Army, Somalia and,
31