The Spy with 29 Names (43 page)

Heydrich, Reinhard 73, 74, 109

Hill 112 (Battle for Caen, 1944) 221, 223

Himmler, Heinrich 24, 25, 71, 72, 73, 74, 109, 152, 165, 198–9, 208, 277

Hinrichsen, Sigurd 72–3, 151

Hitler, Adolf 29, 56, 73, 83, 101, 122, 124, 163, 182, 250, 276, 286–7, 290

‘almost mystic confidence’ in Garbo 241

ascent to power 24, 72, 110

Atlantic Wall and 148–9, 164

awards Garbo Iron Cross 215, 242, 252

Berchtesgarden and 164, 165–6, 191

command over Panzer divisions 149

commits suicide 246, 287

D-Day and 166, 174, 175, 176, 177, 182, 185, 186

falls for Allied deception that Normandy landings are a diversion for bigger assault elsewhere (Operation Fortitude) 192, 201, 202, 203, 204, 206, 207, 226, 285

French regime and 146

Lüttich Operation, 1944 and 231, 232

meets
Ō
shima 191, 192

Norway invasion and 57

Paris battle and 217, 235

Patton, admiration for 141

Peiper and 151

plots to remove from power 200

Spanish Civil War 22, 23

V weapons and 208

Hogg, Lance-Corporal 221

Holocaust 109

Home Defence 78

Home Forces 78

Hoover, J. Edgar 250

Horsfall, Jock 34, 38

Hotel Marisel, Venezuela 267

Houssar, Captain 3

Howard, Leslie 115, 116

Interallié 136

International Brigades 51, 55

Iron Cross 73, 112, 151, 215, 242, 252

Isle of Wight 90

Italian Navy 9

Italy 9, 37, 56, 74, 126, 132, 146, 163, 166, 179, 268, 275

Ivens, Jack 15, 243

Jahn, Helmut 230

Japan 10, 31, 67, 145, 191–2, 203, 250

Japanese Imperial Army 191

Jarvis, Ralph 18, 21, 32

Jebsen, Johannes ‘Johnny’ 158–60, 161, 178, 278

Jews 24, 25, 73, 97, 102, 141, 152, 199, 223, 252, 275

Jodl, Colonel-General 176, 177, 201, 203, 204

Juan Carlos, King 277

Juan Pujol y Compañía 43, 47

Juno beach, Normandy 173, 174, 219, 220

Keitel, Field Marshal Wilhelm 201, 204, 285

Kell, John 18

Kell, Vernon 18

KGB 273

Kharkov, Ukraine 110–11, 112, 134, 151, 226

King Tiger tanks 274

KLM 26, 64, 65, 85, 93, 115–16

Knappe-Ratey, Friedrich 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 66, 67, 248, 251, 252, 266

Knesselare chateau, Belgium 222–3

Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross 112, 151

Knox, Dillwyn 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 35, 71, 79, 162, 279

Kreisler, Edward 267

Kremlin, Operation, 1942 122

Krummacher, Colonel Freidrich-Adolf 202–3, 204, 290

Kühlenthal, Ellen 275

Kühlenthal, Karl-Erich 22, 27, 37, 237

appearance 23

‘Artist’ informs British that all of Kühlenthal’s spies in Britain are double-agents 158, 160

as ‘a one-man espionage disaster area’ 87–8

attempts to have agents send tennis racket to 99

award of Iron Cross to Garbo and 215, 252

becomes head of Madrid Abwehr station 139

becomes increasingly happy with Garbo 97, 98

becomes increasingly reliant on Garbo material 93–4

Buénaga and 242–4

Canaris and 24, 97, 199

connection with Spain 23, 24

created an Aryan 25, 27

creates code name ‘Alaric’ 26

D-Day misinformation and 137–8, 140, 169, 170, 171, 172, 178, 182, 183

death 276

eccentricities of Garbo and 93–4

encouraged to regard Garbo as quixotic, temperamental genius 93

fake arrest of Garbo and 213, 214, 215

first meets Señor López 26

gap in Garbo transmissions on arriving in England and 85

Garbo sends letter to on 2nd anniversary of spying for 123

Garbo suggests post-war scenerios to 247

immediately retransmits to Berlin any information from Garbo on military matters 140

Juan Pujol meets after war 251–2

Knappe and 59, 62

last wartime meeting between Juan Pujol and 62, 63

Normandy landings Allied deception plan and 193–4, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 203, 207, 208, 233
see also
D-Day

on location of sub-agents 89, 90

Operation Cockade and 124, 125, 126

orders Juan Pujol to build up network of sub-agents 62, 65

persecution of Jews/Jewish blood and 23–4, 25, 139–40, 199, 252

post-war life 248, 275–6

pseudonyms 26, 87–8

RAF aircraft recognition handbook, authorizes Garbo to purchase 95, 96, 97

receives monthly accounts from Garbo 82

SD and 25

sends Garbo photographs of new Enigma cypher tables 115

shooting down of KLM Flight 777 and 116

V weapons and 157, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213

was he really duped? 251–2

wireless transmitter, allows Garbo to send messages via a 93, 114

La Roche-Guyon, France 164, 185

Lagunillas Hotel, Venezuela 267

Lancaster bombers 225

Leclerc, General Philippe 147, 234, 235, 237, 276

León, Enriqueta Rodríguez 33

Libération
237

Liddell, Guy 36, 99, 118, 159, 160, 244, 245, 259

Lisbon, Portugal 12, 18, 21, 26, 28–32, 35, 36, 37, 59, 60–1, 62, 63–8, 75, 78, 82, 83, 85, 86, 88, 92, 93, 96, 97, 115, 116, 137, 140, 157, 158, 159, 193, 243, 244, 248, 250, 253, 263

London 12, 14, 16–21, 26, 27, 28, 30, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 38–9, 57, 59, 60, 61, 63, 64, 66, 67, 71, 75–86, 87–8, 93, 95, 96, 97, 99–105, 114–20, 123, 125–7, 131–5, 137, 138, 139, 142, 144, 146, 157, 158, 161, 162, 163, 164, 167–72, 177, 178–83, 191–7, 199, 201, 202, 203, 204, 206–16, 220, 231, 233, 237, 241, 242, 243, 244, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 253, 257, 259, 260, 262, 263, 264, 265, 266, 269, 271, 273, 276, 280, 282, 285, 289

London Controlling Section (LCS) 123, 142, 191, 206, 207, 242, 289

Luances (poet) 60

Luftwaffe 115, 122, 126, 163, 164, 175

Lüttich, Operation, 1944 231, 232

Macintyre, Ben 87

Maclean, Melinda 271

Maclean, Donald 259, 265, 271

Madrid, Spain 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 19, 21, 22–7, 28, 29, 30, 31, 35, 55–6, 57, 59, 60, 61, 64, 65, 66–7, 74, 76, 78, 82, 87, 88, 91, 93–4, 95, 96, 97, 114, 124, 127, 139, 140, 146, 147, 158, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 178, 180, 181, 196, 198, 199, 200, 203, 207, 210, 211, 213, 233, 242, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250–1, 252, 253, 263, 266, 277, 289

‘Magic’ (American tapping of Japanese communications) 192

Majestic Hotel, Madrid 28, 55–6, 61, 250, 263

Malmedy massacre trial, 1946 274

Malta 37, 78

Mark IV tank 150, 151, 225, 232

Mark VIB light tank 144

Marriot, John 78

Marshall, General George C. 192, 204, 207

Masterman, John 17–18, 78, 79, 84, 91, 104, 121, 122, 124, 137, 142, 159, 160, 244, 253, 257, 268, 289

Matapan, Battle of, 1941 9

McCann, W.B 89, 291

McCarthy, Joseph 275

Melero, Señora 55

Menzies, Sir Stewart 79, 207

Merchant Navy 102, 103

MG42 ‘Spandau’ machine gun 151

MI5 33, 34, 266, 270

Araceli Pujol and 116–20, 210, 246

‘Artist’ disappearance and 158–61, 178

BIA section 16, 17–18, 20, 34, 35, 78, 159

Bletchley Park and
see
Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS), Bletchley Park

brings Juan Pujol to England 33–5

building, 58 St James’s Street 82

Cambridge spy ring and 259, 270–4
see also under individual spy name

Camp020 interrogation centre, Ham Common 16, 85, 118, 119

Churchill’s speech to House of Commons on D-Day and 179

code name given to Garbo 38–9, 80

courier network for Garbo letters and 86

declassification of papers relating to Garbo 268

double-cross system and
see
double-cross

encourage Garbo’s wireless communication 124, 140

first hear of Arabal/Arabel network 14–21, 34–5

Garbo as ‘real star’ of double-cross network 137

Harris writes report on Garbo case for 271

interview Juan Pujol on arrival in London 75–9

Juan Pujol never a member of 84–5

Kühlenthal as mouthpiece of within German intelligence 98

LCS and
see
London Controlling Section

MBE award to Juan Pujol and 244

Normandy landings and 101

number of double-agents 136–7

Pas-de-Calais Allied landings deception and
see
Garbo

payments to Juan Pujol 84, 253, 262

plan for Juan Pujol to infiltrate a group of Czech expatriates in Venezuela and 265–6

post-war surveillance of German spy network 247, 251

story of Juan Pujol’s first contact with Germans and 57–62

Twenty Committee 18, 20, 78, 79, 84, 114, 142, 159, 257, 258, 289

see also under individual agent and member name

MI6 11, 18, 21, 35, 36, 37, 38, 75, 76, 79, 86, 121, 200, 207, 250, 259, 265, Section V 12, 13, 14, 32, 35, 36, 54, 65, 77–8, 243, 259

MI9 35

Military Cross 276

Mills, Cyril 34, 38, 39, 75, 76, 77, 139, 157, 280, 281, 292

Milne, A. A. 189

Milne, Tim 13–14

Ministry of Information, UK 84, 89, 90, 92, 138–9, 167, 180, 214

Molfenter, Arne 251–2

Montagu, Commander Ewen 15, 100, 137, 167

Montgomery, General 143, 220

Moorhouse, Roger 287

Moscow, Soviet Union 10, 54, 71, 73, 122, 163, 258, 270, 271

Muggeridge, Malcolm 270

Mulberry Harbours 134–5, 286

Mussolini, Benito 22, 126, 145

NAAFI 125

National Archive, Kew 99

Nazi-Soviet Pact, 1939 287

Normandy, France 1–4, 7, 101, 122, 128, 131–4, 137–42, 148–50, 161, 165, 167, 168, 170, 173–83, 185, 186, 187, 191, 192, 193, 201, 202, 203, 207, 208, 212, 219, 221, 223, 226, 229–32, 233, 241, 257, 260, 280
see also
Overlord, Operation

North Africa 91–2, 97, 133, 144, 163, 164

Northern Ireland 90, 276

Norway 57, 74, 124, 133, 138, 148, 169, 192

Nuremberg Laws, 1935 23–4

Official Secrets Act, UK 167–8

Omaha beach, Normandy 173, 174, 184, 185, 219, 282–3

Operation Torch, 1942 91–3

Ops(B) (Allied military deception planning department) 142, 284, 289

Oran, Algeria 146, 147

Orne, River, Normandy 166, 173

Ō
shima, Baron Hiroshi 191–2, 203

Overlord, Operation, 1944 131–5, 137–42, 161, 169, 171–2, 173–7, 185, 186, 285, 286

Allied air superiority 151, 223, 226

Atlantic Wall 148–9, 164

attempt to convince Germans that assault on Normandy is a feint to draw their best forces away from real attack on Calais area (Garbo deception) 133–4, 135, 141, 161, 176, 177, 192, 200–5, 206–8, 241

casualties 173–4

D-Day
see
D-Day

deception as vital for success of 131

geography and technicalities of attack 132–3

German armed strength and 132–3, 148, 149, 150–1

German command structure and 149–50, 164–6, 175

German confidence of success 148–9

German discovery of operational orders of US units and 184–6

German disputes over strategy 175, 176, 177, 184–7, 193, 197

German reaction to Garbo message on absence of FUSAG from Normandy landings 200–5, 206–8

Hitler and
see
Hitler, Adolf

Mulberry harbours and 134–5

Operation Bodyguard and
see
Bodyguard, Operation

Operation Epsom and 220–2, 223–4

Operation Fortitude and
see
Fortitude, Operation

Operation Goodwood and 224–8, 229, 231

Operation Lüttich and 231, 232

Operation Spring and 230–1

Panzer divisions and 133–4, 135, 149, 151–3,
161, 175, 176, 185–7, 193, 197, 201–2, 219–20, 221, 222–3, 224–8, 229–32

Paris, fall of 234–7

riskiness of 131–2

Rommel and Von Rundstedt order Panzer divisions to Normandy 185–7, 193, 197

Rommel’s absence during D–Day 164–5, 174, 184

scale of 131

suitability of Normandy over Calais area as area of attack 134–5

tank warfare and 133–4, 149, 150, 151, 220–28, 229–32, 233–7

without involvement of Garbo scenario 284–8

Owens, Arthur 16

Panther tank 133, 150, 151, 186, 193, 202, 221, 225, 226, 229, 230, 232, 274

Panzerfaust
(German anti-tank weapon) 151

Paris, France 149, 175, 200, 206, 207, 217, 234–7, 241, 276, 277

Pas-de-Calais, France 125, 134, 135, 141, 149, 160, 161, 165, 174, 175, 179, 185, 191, 196, 201, 203, 204, 207, 211, 212, 223, 241, 285–6

Patton, General 141, 168, 177, 194, 204, 205, 212, 231, 233, 241

Paulus, General Friedrich 110

Pearl Harbor, 1941 10, 31, 67

Peiper, Jochen 71, 72–4, 109–13, 151–3, 186–7, 193, 202, 203, 204, 205, 220, 222, 223, 224, 225–6, 227, 228, 229, 230–1, 232, 274–5

Pemsel, Generalleutnant Max 185

Pétain, Marshal 146

Petrie, Sir David 244

Pharus map of London 211, 212

Philby, Kim 12, 13, 14, 15, 35–6, 54, 65, 71, 76–7, 88, 243, 258, 259, 266, 270, 272, 273

Philip, Prince 280, 281

PIAT 151

Poland 136, 137, 152, 166, 202, 234

Political Warfare Executive 180

Poolton, Private Jack 1–2, 122, 277–8

Popov, Dusan ‘Dusko’ 136–7, 158, 159, 160

Porsche 275

Portugal 12, 18, 21, 26, 28–32, 35, 36, 37, 56, 59, 60–1, 62, 63–8, 75, 78, 82, 83, 85, 86, 88, 92, 93, 96, 97, 115, 116, 137, 140, 157, 158, 159, 193, 243, 244, 248, 250, 252, 253, 263, 265, 277

Potthast, Hedwig 73

Pratt, Mike 227

Preuss, Georg 111

Princesses of Borbón 56

Profumo Affair, 1963 258

Puig, Teresa Llombart 44–5

Pujol Cilia, María Elena (daughter), 268

Pujol García, Elena (sister) 48

Pujol García, Joaquin (brother) 47–8

Pujol García, Juan:

‘Alaric’ ‘first letter from London’ (written in Lisbon) to German controllers 63–4