The Third Reich at War (164 page)

Jews -
cont
.

development of genocidal policy against

first extermination camps

in Serbia

development of ‘final solution of Jewish question’

‘Reinhard Action’ extermination camps

in Majdanek

in Auschwitz

in Hungary

in Theresienstadt

transitional confinement in ghettos

Nazi ideology blames Jews for all ills

total numbers killed by Nazis

Aryanization of Jewish businesses and property

treatment of Jews in France

deportation of Jews from Western Europe

persecution of Dutch Jews

treatment of Jewish populations in Nazi’s allies

partisan groups

barred from public air-raid shelters

treatment of Jews in Italy

public knowledge of genocide

rescue attempts

studies of alleged Jewish racial characteristics

medical experimentation on

massacred by Hungarian Arrow Cross

‘death marches’

expressions of sympathy for

memorials to Nazism’s victims

restitution of confiscated property

see also
antisemitism; ghettos; Judaism

Jews’ Houses

Jews, Reich Association of

Jochum, Eugen

Jodl, Alfred

Johst, Hanns

jokes

Jong, Jan de, Bishop of Utrecht

Jordan, Olaf

Joyce, William (’Lord Haw-Haw’)

Judaism

judiciary
see also
courts; Justice, Reich Ministry of

July 1944 bomb plot

Junghans, Franz

Junkers (bombers)

Junkers factory

Justice, Reich Ministry of

Kabasta, Osvald

Kaiser Wilhelm Society institutes

Kalla’y, Miklo’s

Kalmenhof psychiatric reformatory

Kaltenbrunner, Ernst

Kamenetsk-Podolsk

Kammhuber, Josef

Kammler, Hans

Kaplan, Chaim

Kapp putsch (1920)

Kappler, Herbert

Karajan, Herbert von

Karelia

Karlshof

Karski, Jan

Kassel

Kattowitz

Katyn’ Forest massacre

Katyusha rocket launcher

Kaufbeuren-Irsee asylum

Kaufman, Theodore N.

Kaufmann, Karl

Kazakhstan

Kehrl, Hans

Keitel, Wilhelm

Kelsterbach

Kempf, Werner

Kerrl, Hans

Kesselring, Albert

Kharkov

Khrushchev, Nikita

Kiel

Kielce

Kiev

Kirchner, Hadwig

Kirkpatrick, Ivone

Kishinev

Kitchener, Herbert

Klagenfurt

Klammer

Kleist, Ewald von

Klemperer, Eva

Klemperer, Victor

diaries

life in ‘Jews’ House’

imprisoned for failure to observe blackout regulations

on extermination of Jews

treatment by ordinary Germans

and bombing of Dresden

postwar life

LTI
(
Lingua Tertii Imperii
)

Klepper, Hanni

Klepper, Jochen

Klepper, Renate

Klooga

Kluge, Günther von

Klukowski, Taduesz

Klukowski, Zygmunt

hospital superintendent

on German invasion of Poland

on mass executions

and Germanization programmes

on disintegration of Polish society

on German army’s treatment of Jews

on living conditions in Warsaw ghetto

on preparations for Operation Barbarossa

on Soviet prisoners of war

and transportation of Jews to extermination camps

and Polish resistance

postwar life

Knappertsbusch, Hans

Knochen, Helmut

Knorr and Hirth (publishers)

Koch, Erich

Koch, Karl Otto

Koch, Traute

Koegel, Max

Köhler, Annemarie

Kolberg

Konev, Ivan

Königsberg

Konitz (Chojnice)

Koppenberg, Heinrich

Koretz, Rabbi Zwi

Korherr, Richard

Kos

Kosovo

Kosten (Kos’cian)

Kosygin, Andrej

Kovner, Abba

Kovno (Kaunas)

Kraljevo

Kramer, Josef

Krauch, Carl

Krebs, Hans

Krefeld

Kreisau Circle

Kreyssig, Lothar

Krone

Krüger Friedrich Wilhelm

Krüger, Hans

Krupp (arms company)

Kube, Wilhelm

Kubisˇ, Jan

Küchler, Georg von

Kuhn, Richard

Kulm

Kun, Father (Hungarian priest)

Kunz, Helmut

Kursk

Battle of (1943)

Küstrin

Kutno

Battle of (1939)

Jewish ghetto

Kutuzov, Mikhail

labour

slave labour

shortages

deployment of foreign workers

women in workforce

use of concentration camp prisoners

‘total war’ labour saving measures

foreign workers abscond abour camps

Nazi

Vichy French

Soviet

Dutch

Labour Front

Labour Ministry, Reich

Labour Party (British)

Labour Service, Reich

Lackmann, Father Heinrich

Ladoga, Lake

Lammers, Hans-Heinrich

dressing down of Hans Frank

and ‘euthanasia action’ programme

and Hitler’s plans for occupied Soviet Union

in ‘Committee of Three’

rejects Churches’ complaints about racial policies

and decline in educational standards

Landau, Felix

Lang, Fritz

Lange, Herbert anguage

of the Third Reich

German

knowledge of foreign languages

Latin

Latvia

Lauenburg

Lauer, Anton

Lauraḧtte

Laval, Pierre

awyers

ead

Leader Gives the Jews a Camp, The
(film)

Leader’s Chancellery

‘League: Community for Socialist Living’

League of German Girls

League of Nations

Leander, Zarah

Lebensraum
(’living-space’)

Leber, Julius

Leeb, Wilhelm Ritter von

Legion of the Archangel Michael

Leh’r, Franz

Leipzig

Lemberg (Lvov)

Lemgo

Lenard, Philipp

‘lend-lease’

Leningrad (St Petersburg)

Leopold, King of the Belgians

Leuschner, Wilhelm

Levi, Primo

Ley, Inge

Ley, Robert

Lezacky

ibraries

Libya

Lidice

Liebehenschel, Arthur

Liebermann, Max

Liepus, Rudolf

‘lightning war’ (
Blitzkrieg
)

‘Lili Marleen’ (song)

Lille

Linden, Herbert

Linge, Heinz

Linz

List, Wilhelm

iterature

Literature, Reich Chamber of

Lithuania

Litvinov, Maxim

‘living-space’ (
Lebensraum
)

Lloyd George, David

Loborgrad concentration camp

Lo’dz’ (Litzmannstadt)

bombardment of

refugees flee

police immigration centre

Jewish population

ghetto

transportation of Jews and Gypsies to

Logenähs

Lohse, Hinrich

London

bombing raids on

Hess imprisoned in Tower of London

public protest at Jewish genocide

flying bomb and rocket attacks on

St Paul’s Cathedral

Lorraine

Louvain

Lower Silesia

LTI
(
Lingua Tertii Imperii
; language of the Third Reich)

Lübeck

Lublin

in General Government

Poles expelled from

Jewish community

plans to create Jewish reservation

Jewish deportations to

T-4 unit specialists visit

extermination of Jews

Klukowski moves to

Luck

Ludendorff, General Erich

Lüdenscheid

Ludwigsburg

Ludwigshafen

Luminal (sedative)

Lüneburg

Luther, Martin (diplomat)

Luther, Martin (leader of Reformation)

Lutherans

Lützow
(battleship)

Luxembourg

Lvov (Lemberg)

Lynn, Vera

Lyon

Macedonia

Maˇek, Vladko

Mach, Alexander

Madagascar

Magdeburg

Maggiore, Lake

Maginot Line

Magnitogorsk

Mahler, Gustav

Maillol, Aristide

Majdanek

labour camp

concentration camp

malaria

Malaya

Malkinia

Malme’dy

Malta

Manchuria

manganese

Manhattan Project

Mann, Thomas

Mannerheim, Marshal Carl

Mannerheim Line

Manstein, Erich von

and invasion of France

‘sickle-cut’

and invasion of Soviet Union

Crimean campaign

and Battle of Stalingrad (1942-43)

retreat from Caucasus

Battle of Kursk (1943)

sacked

imprisonment and death

Manston

Maquis
see
France, resistance

Marat, Jean-Paul

Marburg

Marienthal Institution

marriage

mixed

wartime married life

Martini, Erich

Marxism

Marzabotto

Maschmann, Melita

‘master race’

Mastersingers of Nuremberg, The
(Wagner)

Maurras, Charles

Mauthausen concentration camp

Max Planck Society

May, Karl

Maykop

Mecklenburg

medicine, medical experimentation
see also
doctors

Mediterranean Sea

Meier-Welcker, Hans

Memel

Mengele, Josef

Mennecke, Friedrich

mentally handicapped

emptying of asylums

plans to eliminate ‘degenerates’

sterilization programmes

‘euthanasia action’ programme

killing centres

murdered in occupied east

in concentration camps

Merano

Merry Widow, The
(L’har)

Mers-el-K’bir

Mertz von Quirnheim, Albrecht

Messerschmitt (fighter-planes)

methanol

Meuse, river

Mewe (Gniew)

Meyer, Konrad

Mezger, Edmund

Michel, Hans

microcephaly

Middle East

midwives

Mierendorff, Carlo

Mihailovi’, Dragoljub

Milan

Milch, Erhard

Milice fran¸aise

Military Medical Academy

Military SS (
Waffen-
SS)

Minden

mineral water

Minsk

missiles

Mitchell, Margaret

Mittersill castle

‘mixed marriages’

‘mixed-race’

Jews

Gypsies

Mlawa

Mniszek

Model, Walter

Battle of Kursk (1943)

and retreat from Soviet Union

Commander-in-Chief in the west

murderous action in final weeks

and Speer’s plans to preserve infrastructure

suicide

Mogilev

M̈hne, river

Molière

M̈llhausen, Eitel

Molotov, Vyacheslav

‘Molotov cocktails’

Molter, Alfred

Molter, Inge

Moltke, Helmuth von

Monowitz

Montenegro

Montgomery, Bernard

morale

optimism for short war

euphoria at conquest of France

SS Security Service reports on

following defeat at Stalingrad

in Britain

and bombing of German cities

and defection of Italy

morale-boosting meetings and lectures

deterioration in last months of war

Moravia
see
Bohemia and Moravia (Reich Protectorate)

More, Sir Thomas

Morell, Theo

Morgen, Konrad

Morocco

morphine

Moscow

German forces push towards

Hitler plans to raze

Battle of (1941-42)

German prisoners paraded

Moscow-Volga canal

Moskvin, Nikolai

Mosley, Sir Oswald

motorways

M̈hlmann, Kajetan

Mulde, river

Mülheim

Müller, Heinrich

multiple sclerosis

Münch, Hans

Müngersdorf

Munich

awareness of euthanasia programme

assassination attempt on Hitler (November 1939)

beer-hall putsch (1923)

Munich -
cont
.

Hitler’s annual address to Party Regional Leaders

Antonescu visits

deportation of Jews from

foreign workers’ camps

bombing of

revolutions (1919)

Allied forces advance on

Munich Agreement (1938)

Munich Philharmonic Orchestra

Munich University

M̈nster

M̈nster University

museums

music

banning of Polish composers

chamber music recitals

opera

composed in concentration camps

in ghettos

popular music

jazz and swing

Bayreuth festivals

orchestras

popular German composers during Reich

in postwar Germany

Music, Reich Chamber of

Mussolini, Benito

ambitions for a new Roman Empire

invasion of Greece

North African debacle

relations with Hitler

and German invasion of Soviet Union

and Allied invasion of Italy

arrest and imprisonment

rescue

puppet regime at Salò

draining of Pontine marshes

meeting with Hitler after July 1944 bomb plot

executed

mustard gas